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Depth of field

what is depth of field?

Is the focus or range effectiveness within the range,it is also the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image.This portrays the graudal changing as to how much os a specific image you want to be in focus and to what extent you want for a certain area, Traditional debth of field was created in order to suggest that disatnt objects often need to be larger on the film and do not need to be so sharp,the loss of detail in distance is particullarly noticebale with extreme engalrgments so for example this allowed a blur but in order to enchnace a speific direct area of vibrancy within tht eimage that you want to be easuily seen and accessible. Debth of field is important for images within marcro and is a look that can be highly sucessful within the right settings.

within this image you can see the gradual focus point change in order to allow more depth of field and more detail. Whereas the first narrow depth off field shows the widening  of the lens  to create a smaller(narrow) so more detailed image and so less focus  on the suorounding subjects such as in this image:

within he first image you can see it is clearly focused pm the floor in front and the second it is also forcing on the flower behind as well and the red flower itself.

you are also able to focus on different areas still blurring whatever section you want ,or in a shot you are also able to focus on everything in the frame with a large depth of field.

most artists would recommend focusing very close to infinity, and stopping down to make the bollard sharp enough. With this approach, foreground objects cannot always be made perfectly sharp, but the loss of sharpness in near objects may be acceptable if recognizably of distant objects is paramount.

vocal length

Focal Length

The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus.This also works in hand with field of debth and is under the same category and both adapt and edit each others overall finish. Focal length is used in order to zoom and create a photo within a certain crop and edit with contiaing only the selected subjects. This can be changed  within the manual zoom within the lens itself.The focal length and distnace within the image sensor and the subject in focus  . This is usually in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm). In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.This is the basic description of a photography lens,it is also a clauculation of an opticial diatnce from the point where the light rays convey. The focal length of a lens is determined when the lens is focused at infinity.

The zooming also portrays a difference in direction and central attention to the piece itself. Not only in this piece does it zoom but it also redirects a focus to a specific point their in the background or the foreground.

within he next image you can see a clear focus on the city in the distance and not the field in the foreground.

The focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be. The longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view and the higher the magnification. The shorter the focal length, the wider the angle of view and the lower the magnification.

This shows how you can have an overall very wide image and then the gradual demising of the piece into the field of view into a more detail specific  area.

Why do we use focal length?
Focal length is used  in order to exaggerate and to focus your detail on one particular section to a photograph. We use it by zooming in automatically on a specific photo, or perhaps manually by the camera but if two use this it will not be enough if it is zooming in to a large depth of field. It focuses by zooming in On a specific sense of direct detail wanting to concentrate the detail within the image.
auto focus differs due to less of a clear view on exactly what effect and subject you are wanting to focus within. But differing manual is able to capture and zoom to a specific area and contain only the stage and part that you are wanting to focus on itself.

Typologies Homework Task Week 4

Typologies

Typologies by definition are a classification according to general type. So in photography they are collections of similar ‘things’ compiled together to produce a visually similar set of photographs.

Photo shoot contact Sheet

Photographic typologies produced from my photo-shoot

Guitar Pedals
Door Numbers
Washers
Plectrums
Heart Shaped Stones
Switches

Keys
Manholes
Coloured card
Pottery
Drill Parts
Pebbles

Photographer Research One (Jeff Brouws)

Photographer Research Two (Bernd & Hilla Becher)

 

 

Focus and Focus Points

Using the settings on a camera, we can focus on different points of an image. These different focus points can change what the main subject of an image is.

You can use the nine focus points settings to choose where you want the camera to focus on when you take the photo.

Image result for focus points on a camera

By choosing the focus of an image, the photographer can choose where they want the viewer to look first.

Image result for sharp focus

On a camera, you can either use manual focus or auto focus. When using manual focus, you have to change the focus dial manually to focus the image but with auto focus, the camera does it for you.

Depth of Field

Depth of field refers to the range of distance that appears acceptably sharp.  Depth of field varies depending on aperture and focusing difference.

Depth of field allows us to choose what is going to be in focus and what isn’t in our photographs.

Image result for depth of field photo

Below are two photos I took with two different apertures. The top photo, taken with AF 3.5 shows the image around the sides becoming blurred. In the bottom image, taken with AF 22, everything is sharp.

Focal Length

Focal Length

The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus.

We use focal length to zoom in and out to create a photograph containing selected subjects. We change focal length by using the lens. It can change what is in the image as shown below.

Image result for focal length

Below are some examples of how changing the focal length of the lens can change an image.

Experimenting With Photoshop – Black And White Photography

“You don’t take a photograph, you make it”

-Ansel Adams

  • Born on February 21st 1902, Ansel Adams was one of the greatest landscape photographers of all time.
  • While other photographers concentrated on photojournalism, Adams was the first person to truly pioneer photography as an art form.
  • Shooting almost exclusively in black and white, he worked primarily with large-format cameras to produce stunning high-resolution landscapes and pin-sharp textures.

The Zone System is a technique that was formulated by Ansel Adams and Fred Archer back in the 1930’s. It is an approach to a standardized way of working that guarantees a correct exposure in every situation. Tones in scenes and prints are divided into nine zones, numbered 1 through 9 from dark to light. Zone 5 is by definition middle gray. 

Open up your image in photoshop.
Go to Image > Adjustment > Black&White and alter the scrolls until you’re satisfied.

 

Then, go to Image < Adjustment < Brightness/Contrast and adjust again.

Side By Side Before vs After Image 

 

The Exposure Triangle

The exposure triangle is a common way of associating the three variables that determine the exposure of a photograph: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.

Aperture: the size of the opening in the lens when a photo is taken. The opening controls how much light can enter your camera at once.

Shutter speed: the amount of time that the shutter is open. This amount of time controls the amount of time that light is allowed to hit the sensor.

ISO: the sensitivity of the photographic medium to light. In film cameras, this refers to how sensitive the film is to light and in digital cameras, it refers to how sensitive your camera’s digital sensor is to light. More sensitivity to light means less light is needed for a good expose of a photograph.

These 3 elements are tightly related. A change in one of the elements will impact the other two.

This means that each of the 3 elements is dependent on one another in order to come up with the correct exposure. Your camera has a light sensitivity level that is set by the ISO setting. To get the correct exposure, the lens opening needs to be adjusted to control the volume of light entering the camera. Then the shutter is opened for a certain period of time to allow the light to hit the sensor and record the image. Coming up with the correct exposure means combining the right blend of aperture, shutter speed and ISO settings.