peripteia – a change in fortune

anagnoresis – a moment of revolation

Gustav Freytag –

most movies are Linear meaning that there is a beginning, middle and end. Chronological, meaning that they go in order of events.

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Peripeteia- a change in fortune e.g A very wealthy man has been making money for decades by taking big risks in the stock market. Suddenly, the stock market crashes and he is launched into poverty. In this example, peripeteia is a drastic change in circumstance, as a once wealthy man becomes poor.

Anagnorisis- moment of dramatic revelation. The moment when the protagonist realizes their own tragic flaw.  e.g. the neighbour coming to the door, expecting to be shouted at but instead complimented.

Catharsis- purification or purgation of the emotions. e.g. the dad listening to Bruce Springsteen with the son.

Practical equipment-

Technical equipment – lighting, sound, microphones

actors

camera crew

writers, directors, editors, lighting directors

set designers

props

music

Conceptual

performance

emotion

time based

events

chronilogical

events

sequenntial

characters

theme

antagonist/protagonist

linear

beginning, middle, end

Freytag’s pyramid

1. Linear- progressing from one stage to another in a single series of steps; sequential.
2. Chronological- (of a record of events) following the order in which they occurred.
3. Sequential- forming or following in a logical order or sequence.
4. Circular structure- In a circular narrative, the story ends where it began. 
5. Time based
6. Narrative arc – A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as television, comic books, comic strips, boardgames, video games, and films with each episode following a dramatic arc. On a television program, for example, the story would unfold over many episodes. 
7. Freytag’s Pyramid-  Freytag’s Pyramid is a paradigm of dramatic structure outlining the seven key steps in successful storytelling: exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, and denouement.
8. exposition- a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory
9. inciting incident- The inciting incident of a story is the event that sets the main character or characters on the journey that will occupy them throughout the narrative. .
10. rising action,-  The rising action starts right after the period of exposition and ends at the climax. Beginning with the inciting incident, rising action is the bulk of the plot. It is composed of a series of events that build on the conflict and increase the tension, sending the story racing to a dramatic climax.
11. climax,-
12. falling action,- Falling action is what happens near the end of a story after the climax and resolution of the major conflict. … Simply put, falling action is what the characters are doing after the story’s most dramatic part has happened.
13. resolution,-
14. denouement – the final part of a play, film, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved.
15. Beginning / middle / end
16. Equilibrium
17. Disruption
18. New equilibrium
19. Peripeteia
20. Anagnoresis
21. Catharsis
22. The 3 Unities: Action, Time, Place
23. flashback / flash forward
24. Foreshadowing
25. Ellipsis
26. Pathos
27. Empathy
28. diegetic / non-diegetic
29. slow motion

Synopsis

A girl is walking on her phone as she receives texts from an unknown number. She hurries to get back to her car, however, the number begins to get closer to her until she is eventually captured.

Key terminology’s

1. Linear – one way straight line of a story or arc
2. Chronological – in an order from start to finish
3. Sequential – following a sequence
4. Circular structure – where a story starts at the end and the end ends at the start
5. Time based
6. Narrative arc
7. Freytag’s Pyramid
8. exposition,
9. inciting incident,
10. rising action,
11. climax,
12. falling action,
13. resolution,
14. denouement 
15. Beginning / middle / end
16. Equilibrium
17. Disruption
18. Transgression – often disequilibrium is caused by societal / moral / ethical transgression (ie challenging Aristotelian virtues)
19. New equilibrium
20. Peripeteia – a drastic turn of events
21. Anagnoresis – A dramatic revelation, that occurs within the main protagonist
22. Catharsis – the idea that humans can consume emotions and feelings within a piece of media
23. The 3 Unities: Action, Time, Place
24. flashback / flash forward
25. Foreshadowing
26. Ellipsis
27. Pathos
28. Empathy
29. diegetic / non-diegetic
30. slow motion
31. In Media Res – starting in mid-action
32. Metanarratives – drawing attention to the process of storytelling
33. Quest narratives

Peripeteia in Blinded by the Light – When the tickets are torn up.

Anagnoresis in Blinded by the Light – When the main characters father is severely injured

Catharsis in Blinded by the Light – At the end of the movie when Bruce Springsteen’s music is played within his father the car.

My film synopsis

within my film i will have a out going teenager who has many friends and family although feels alone within the company he has with him he feels a lack luster of emotions that over whelm him so i will have my character within a large crowded area but a spot light shining up on my character to represent loneliness and that he is in company but alone the contrast in the two will create a sense of emotional anguish and sadness within the first image(?) my character will be facing away from the crowd as my main character is by himself and the back ground characters are talking amongst themselves although around his family he is saddened. For my second image i will have my character within company but he is facing his family with new faces and he has got a happy expression in comparison to the first image his clothes will be a little bit more brighter than the ones in the image before showing that he is taking care of himself.

Todorov

Tztevan Todorov proposed the idea of a Tripartite narrative structure, which breaks down narrative structures into having a beginning, middle and end. He describes these as Equilibrium, Disruption and New Equilibrium.

Equilibrium – State of calmness, things are okay.

Disruption – When something drastic occurs and the protagonist has to reroute his actions in order to solve it.

New Equilibrium – The new state after the disruption has been solved.

Unreliable Narration – Deliberately deceiving audiences and providing plots that reveal unexpected moments.

Frame Stories – Stories told inside of other stories, testing the narrative structure by presenting nested moments of equilibrium and new equilibrium.

Multiperspective narratives – Using viewpoints of different characters and perspectives in a story, and so presenting equilibrium as disruption in another person’s eyes.

Vladimir Propp

Propp’s work suggests that stories use STOCK CHARACTERS to structure stories. This doesn’t mean that the characters are the sae every time, but all stories draw on familiar characters performing similar functions to provide familiar narrative structures. This is important because it means that the products created become reactionary, and sales are more guaranteed in a “risky business” such as the media and creative industry. Examples of stock characters are:

1. Hero
2. Helper
3. Princess
4. Villain
5. Victim
6. Dispatcher
7. Father
8. False Hero

Often there is a villain who has done something to a victim. This means that we need a hero, who (often) accompanied by a helper is sent out (by a dispatcher) to fight the villain. The dispatcher or similar donor (such as a father figure) prepares the hero in his ‘quest‘ and gives the hero some magical object. The hero generally meets the princess as part of his quest / journey which usually provides a happy ending. During the narrative we (and the princess) may be presented by a false hero.

LEVI – STRAUSS

Levi strause talks about binary oppostites as in the good and bad the positive and the negative. this  encourages students to understand narrative as a structure of key (oppositional) themes that underpin action and dialogue to develop a set of messages that the audience are able to decode and understand. this creates a dominant message (ideology) of a film, TV programme, advert, music video, animation etc. So in this way audiences are encouraged to make a judgements about characters, groups, places, history, society. texts can be seen to either support the dominant ideologies of a society, which would make it a reactionary text ,or to challenge, question or undermines the dominant ideologies of society, in which case it could be seen as a radical text.

Fluidity of identity– David Gauntlet mentions how someone’s can change because of how men and women are being perceived through the media.