levelling up representation –  “Regarding Asian women, they are often sexualized in “fan service” games, which are characterized by their portrayal of (Asian) women in a hypersexualized manner, placing great focus on revealing clothes, large exposed breasts, and barely-there underwear that is flashed at every given opportunity.”

levelling up representation – “This poor representation of Asian women perpetuates the stereotype that they are meek, submissive, sexual objects who exist purely for men’s entertainment.”

Laura Mulvey – “peeping toms, whose only sexual satisfaction can come from watching, in an active controlling sense, an objectified other”

Laura Mulvey – “in a world ordered by sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female”

Feminist Frequency Site – “conjunction with other aspects of their design, to make them exude sexuality for the entertainment of the presumed straight male player.” 

Feminist Frequency site – “The gruesome death of women for shock value is especially prevalent in modern gaming”

Male gaze:

Looking at things through the eyes of a straight male, which can lead to sexualising and objectifying women.

Voyeurism:

Gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.

Patriarchy:

The belief that males are superior: a society dominated by men.

Positive and negative stereotypes:

The positive, socially accepted and negative, frowned upon aspects of different stereotypes. Positive examples could be men being good at sport and women being caring, whereas negative examples could be most Muslims being thought of as terrorists when in fact that is absolutely not the case.

Counter-types:

An idea that challenges a traditional stereotype, for example a princess saving a prince.

Misrepresentation:

False claims or ideas about how certain people of things that are not made by the people themselves. This can give others the wrong impressions and ideas about people.

Selective representation:

When certain groups or types of people are selected to feature in important positions more than others, for example when women weren’t allowed to vote at certain points in history.

Dominant ideology:

Ideas, beliefs and opinions shared by the majority of people in society.

Constructed reality:

When people interacting in society create mental beliefs about each other, and these concepts become somewhat reality out of habit.

Hegemony:

Dominance or leadership of one specific group of people over others.

Audience positioning:

How a designated audience might react to certain ideas, values or concepts.

David Gauntlett

Fluidity of identity:

The concept of identity changing because of time, for example maturity or change of circumstances.

Constructed identity:

The process of people developing ideas and beliefs about themselves.

Negotiated identity:

The process of people findning out “who is who” in society.

Collective identity:

The idea of fitting into certain categories or groups, perhaps based on interests, gender or age.

Male Gaze – Ways of seeing through the eyes of a straight male and sexualising women.

Voyeurism – Gaining sexual pleasure from others naked and having sexy time.

Patriarchy – A belief that males are superior.

Positive and negative stereotypes – The socially accepted and the ones that are frowned upon.

Counter-types – idea that counter acts on a traditional stereotypes.

Misrepresentation – False claims on how people are represented.

Selective representation – When certain people or stereotypes are selected to feature in important positions more than others.

Dominant ideology – ideas and beliefs shared by the public and society.

Constructed reality – People in society creating mental beliefs about each other.

Hegemony – Dominance and leadership over others.

Audience positioning – How an audience might react to ideas or concepts.

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Fluidity of identity –

Constructed identity –

Negotiated identity –

Collective identity –

Male Gaze – the perspective of a notionally typical heterosexual man considered as embodied in the audience or intended audience for films and other visual media, characterized by a tendency to objectify or sexualize women.

Voyeurism – the practice of gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.

Patriarchy – a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.

Positive and negative stereotypes – a positive stereotype refers to a subjectively favourable belief held about a social group. A negative stereotype refers to a subjectively unfavourable belief held about a social group.

Counter-types – a positive stereotype that emphasizes the positive features of a person. An example of a counter-type is that all religious people are kind.

Misrepresentation – the action of interpreting something wrongly.

Selective representation – selective representation is when some groups of people are represented more in government than others.

Dominant Ideology – the term dominant ideology denotes the attitudes, beliefs, values, and morals shared by the majority of the people in a given society.

Constructed reality – the identity which we create for ourselves.

Hegemony – leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.

Audience position – the stance of the audience to a specific piece of media.

1. Male gaze: the perspective of a notionally typical man considered as the intended audience for films and other visual media, characterized by a tendency to objectify or sexualize women.
2. Voyeurism: the practice of gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.
3. Patriarchy: a system of society, family or government in which the eldest male is head of the family and the head is passed on to the next male, never the female.
4. Positive and negative stereotypes: Positive- a stereotype that purports to describe the admirable or beneficial qualities of the members of a particular group or social category. Negative- Stereotyped individuals who receive negative feedback, can attribute it either to personal shortcomings, such as lack of ability or poor effort or attitude toward their social group.
5. Counter-types: a positive stereotype and emphasizes the positive features about a person.
6. Misrepresentation: the action of giving a false or misleading account of the nature of something.
7. Selective representation: when some groups of people are represented more in government than others.
8. Dominant ideology: The ideas, attitudes, values, beliefs, and culture of the ruling class in a society.
9. Constructed reality: Society is based on the social construction of reality. People shape their experiences through social interaction.
10. Hegemony: leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.
11. Audience positioning: refers to the techniques used by the creator of a text to try to get the audience to understand the ideology of the text.

1. Fluidity of identity: having the ability to change how you see yourself, the world, and your actions.
2. Constructed identity: The process of forming an identity based on personal and other people’s perception of self.
3. Negotiated identity:  refers to the processes through which perceivers come to agreements regarding the identities that targets are to assume in the interaction.
4. Collective identity: refers to all the affective aspects deriving from belonging to certain groups with which adolescents identify themselves and which place them within certain social categories such as ethnicity, nationality, or gender.

1. Male gaze-  encourages the sexual politics of the gaze and suggests a sexualised way of looking that empowers men and objectifies women
2. Voyeurism – the practice of gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.
3. Patriarchy- a society controlled by men.
4. Positive and negative stereotypes- encourages a certain attitude on how we see things and how things are accepted on not accepted.
5. Counter-types- representation that highlights the positive features of a person/ group..
6. Misrepresentation- false or misleading account of the nature of something.
7. Selective representation- when groups of people/ things are represented/highlighted more then others.
8. Dominant ideology-  The ideas, attitudes, values, beliefs, and culture of the ruling class in a society.
9. Constructed reality- the way we present ourselves to other people is shaped partly by our interactions with others, as well as by our life experiences.
10. Hegemony- leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.
11. Audience positioning- the relationships between the audience and the text, how an audience receives, reads and responds to a text.

Identity:

1. Fluidity of identity- having the ability to change how you see yourself, the world, and your actions.
2. Constructed identity- the way that we construct our own identities through experiences, emotions, connections, and rejections. They constantly change.
3. Negotiated identity- processes through which people reach agreements regarding “who is who” in their relationships
4. Collective identity– the shared definition of a group that derives from its members’ common interests, experiences, and solidarities.

male gaze– the perspective of a notionally typical heterosexual man considered as embodied in the audience or intended audience for films and other visual media, characterized by a tendency to objectify or sexualize women.

Voyeurism-Voyeurism is defined as an interest in observing unsuspecting people while they undress, are naked, or engage in sexual activities. The interest is usually more in the act of watching, rather than in the person being watched.

Patriarchy-a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.

Counter-types– a positive stereotype and emphasizes the positive features about a person. An example of a countertype is that all religious people are kind

Misrepresentation– the action or offence of giving a false or misleading account of the nature of something.

Selective representation– the action or offence of giving a false or misleading account of the nature of something.

Dominant ideology– the attitudes, beliefs, values, and morals shared by the majority of the people in a given society.

Constructed reality – The term social construction of reality refers to the theory that the way we present ourselves to other people is shaped partly by our interactions with others, as well as by our life experiences.

Hegemony– leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.

Audience positioning– Audience positioning refers to the techniques used by the creator of a text to try to get the audience to understand the ideology of the text.

Fluidity of identity– fluid identity has the potential to change in many directions.

Constructed identity– identity is something that is personally constructed

Collective identity– the different identity groups in society

negotiated identity– the way in which you agree with others about identity

1. Male gaze: when media tries to appeal to a straight male by trying to represent things as they would see it.
2. Voyeurism: The act of prying into peoples personal lifestyle and affairs.
3. Patriarchy: patriarchy is a term to describe a society which is controlled by men.
4. Positive and negative stereotypes: a positive stereotype refers to a subjectively favourable belief held about a social group. Common examples of positive stereotypes are Asians with better math ability, African Americans with greater athletic ability, and women with being warmer and more communal. Whereas a negative stereotype a stereotype that describes the undesirable, objectionable, or unacceptable qualities and characteristics of members of a particular group or social category.
5. Counter-types: a positive stereotype and emphasizes the positive features about a person
6. Misrepresentation: a false statement of a material fact made by one party which affects the other party’s decision in agreeing to a contract. If the misrepresentation is discovered, the contract can be declared void and, depending on the situation, the adversely impacted party may seek damages.
7. Selective representation: Selective Representation is only showing (representing) some events/conflicts, not all, sometimes chosen based on importance, proximity to home, and viewer preference.
8. Dominant ideology: the attitudes, beliefs, values, and morals shared by the majority of the people in a given society.
9. Constructed reality: Sociologists generally accept that reality is different for each individual. The term social construction of reality refers to the theory that the way we present ourselves to other people is shaped partly by our interactions with others, as well as by our life experiences.
10. Hegemony: The process by which certain values and ways of thought promulgated through the mass media become dominant in society. It is seen in particular as reinforcing the capitalist system.
11. Audience positioning: Positioning is the relationships between the audience and the text, how an audience receives, reads and responds to a text. Producers consider very carefully how an audience might react to, or engage with, their text, based on how the text is encoded and decoded.

12. Fluidity of identity– fluid identity has the potential to change in many directions.

13. Constructed identity– identity is something that is personally constructed

14. Collective identity– the different identity groups in society

15. negotiated identity– the way in which you agree with others about identity