Remember to focus on key issues around new media – privacy, knowledge, understanding, education, friendship, behaviour, thoughts, attitudes, beliefs, politics, economics, employment, war, conflict, food, the environment, space, science (essentially social change)

1. Overview: New media always creates change (printing press, telegram etc)
2. Q: so how has recent technology changed (society, individuals, organisations, ideas, beliefs etc etc)
3. CSP 1 – show knowledge of CSP
4. characteristics of new media (in reference to CSP 1)
5. theoretical / conceptual analysis of new media (loop theory, network theory, Dunbar number, McLuhan, Krotoski)
6. Critically thinking about new media (Baudrillard, McLuhan, Krotoski, B. F. Skinner, Zuboff, Lanier – are all essentially critical of new media technologies. But Gauntlett, Shirky, Jenkins are all very positive about new media technologies)
7. CSP 2 – show knowledge
8. Draw parallels and conclusions
9. Suggest future pathways / developments

Discussion Points from The Great Hack

• Data has surpassed oil as the world’s most valuable asset
• The Exchange of Data
• Search for Truth
• Behaviour Management
• Propaganda / Persuasion
• Regulation
• Digital Behaviour management: A Threat to Democracy?

Data has now become the world most valuable asset. Social media and other platforms collect data through behaviour that can be used to predict future engagements. I has also been weaponized to wage cultural and political warfare.

1. Overview: New media always creates change (printing press, telgram etc)
2. Q: so how has recent technology changed (society, individuals, organisations, ideas, beliefs etc etc)
3. CSP 1 – show knowledge of CSP
4. characteristics of new media (in reference to CSP 1)
5. theoretical / conceptual analysis of new media (loop theory, network theory, Dunbar number, McLuhan, Krotoski)
6. Critically thinking about new media (Baudrillard, McLuhan, Krotoski, B. F. Skinner, Zuboff, Lanier – are all essentially critical of new media technologies. But Gauntlett, Shirky, Jenkins are all very positive about new media technologies)
7. CSP 2 – show knowledge
8. Draw parallels and conclusions
9. Suggest future pathways / developments

Some themes and discussion points from Great Hack:

• The Exchange of Data
• Search for Truth- uncovers the dark world of data exploitation with astounding access to the personal journeys of key players on different sides of the explosive Cambridge Analytica/Facebook data scandal.
• Behaviour Management- shows how data is being used to hijack our elections and our democracy and how the internet is being used not only for information, but as a weapon.
• Propaganda / Persuasion
• Regulation

So what changes can be put in place to solve these current issues?

Data has surpassed oil as the world’s most valuable asset. It’s being weaponized to wage cultural and political warfare. People everywhere are in a battle for control of our most intimate personal details

interests have shifted from using automated machine processes to know about your behaviour to using machine processes to shape your behavior according to their interests

Suggested Essay Structure

Remember to focus on key issues around new media – privacy, knowledge, understanding, education, friendship, behaviour, thoughts, attitudes, beliefs, politics, economics, employment, war, conflict, food, the environment, space, science (essentially social change)

1. Overview: New media always creates change (printing press, telegram etc)
2. Q: so how has recent technology changed (society, individuals, organisations, ideas, beliefs etc etc)
3. CSP 1 – show knowledge of CSP
4. characteristics of new media (in reference to CSP 1)
5. theoretical / conceptual analysis of new media (loop theory, network theory, Dunbar number, McLuhan, Krotoski)
6. Critically thinking about new media (Baudrillard, McLuhan, Krotoski, B. F. Skinner, Zuboff, Lanier – are all essentially critical of new media technologies. But Gauntlett, Shirky, Jenkins are all very positive about new media technologies)
7. CSP 2 – show knowledge
8. Draw parallels and conclusions
9. Suggest future pathways / developments

Some themes and discussion points from Great Hack:

• The Exchange of Data
• Search for Truth
• Behaviour Management
• Propaganda / Persuasion
• Regulation

1. Overview: New media always creates change (printing press, telegram etc)
2. Q: so how has recent technology changed (society, individuals, organisations, ideas, beliefs etc etc)
3. CSP 1 – show knowledge of CSP
4. characteristics of new media (in reference to CSP 1)
5. theoretical / conceptual analysis of new media (loop theory, network theory, Dunbar number, McLuhan, Krotoski)
6. Critically thinking about new media (Baudrillard, McLuhan, Krotoski, B. F. Skinner, Zuboff, Lanier – are all essentially critical of new media technologies. But Gauntlett, Shirky, Jenkins are all very positive about new media technologies)
7. CSP 2 – show knowledge
8. Draw parallels and conclusions
9. Suggest future pathways / developments

• The Exchange of Data
• Search for Truth
• Behaviour Management
• Propaganda / Persuasion
• Regulation

1. Overview: New media always creates change (printing press, telegram etc)
2. Q: so how has recent technology changed (society, individuals, organisations, ideas, beliefs etc etc)
3. CSP 1 – show knowledge of CSP
4. characteristics of new media (in reference to CSP 1)
5. theoretical / conceptual analysis of new media (loop theory, network theory, Dunbar number, McLuhan, Krotoski)
6. Critically thinking about new media (Baudrillard, McLuhan, Krotoski, B. F. Skinner, Zuboff, Lanier – are all essentially critical of new media technologies. But Gauntlett, Shirky, Jenkins are all very positive about new media technologies)
7. CSP 2 – show knowledge
8. Draw parallels and conclusions
9. Suggest future pathways / developments

Some themes and discussion points from Great Hack:

• The Exchange of Data –  The data which was collected by Cambridge Analytica was meant to be used as part of a sales strategy that involved creating massive campaigns that approached users in a personal manner. 
• Search for Truth – once people are aware of targeted ads it raises questions regarding fake news
• Behaviour Management
• Propaganda / Persuasion –
• Regulation

Media producers must respond to changing social and cultural contexts to maintain audiences. To what extent does an analysis of the online Close Study Products The Voice and Teen Vogue support this view? [25 marks]

The target audiences for video games change because of the historical and economic contexts in which they are produced. To what extent does an analysis of the Close Study Products Tomb Raider: Anniversary and The Sims FreePlay support this statement? [25 marks]

Media effects theories argue that the media has the power to shape the audience’s box thoughts and behaviour. How valid do you find the claims made by effects theories? You should refer to two of the Close Study Products Tomb Raider: Anniversary, Metroid: Prime 2 Echoes or The Sims FreePlay in your answer. [25 marks]

Media products are shaped by the economic and political contexts in which they are created. To what extent does an analysis of your online, social and participatory Close Study Products The Voice and Teen Vogue support this view? [25 marks]

To start off with I would like to prioritise the notion of CHANGE & TRANSFORMATION as a way of thinking about NEW MEDIA which can be linked to the key ideas of a media syllabus. For example,

1. the transformation of social interaction (audiences);
2. the transformation of individual identity (audiences and representation);
3. the transformation of institutional structures (industry); and the changes in textual content and structure (language).
4. The transformation of audience consumption

In summary, this could be described as the changing nature of symbolic interaction and a lot of the work on this blog is essentially discussing this concept.

Impacts of New Technologies:

What is AI?

Artificial intelligence leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities of the human mind.

What is VR?

Virtual reality is a simulated experience that employs pose tracking and 3D near-eye displays to give the user an immersive feel of a virtual world.

What is GPT 3

Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 is an autoregressive language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like text. Given an initial text as prompt, it will produce text that continues the prompt.

1. the transformation of social interaction (audiences);
2. the transformation of individual identity (audiences and representation);
3. the transformation of institutional structures (industry); and the changes in textual content and structure (language).
4. The transformation of audience consumption

The change in media forms and association to it:

-Time

-Space

-Speed

-Control

-Rate

-Access

-Quantity

-Non linear

-Collaboration

-Quality

-Opportunity

-Revenue

-Commercialisation

-Storage

-Retrieval

	share	active	creative	host
example or comment	Media products have share options to reach larger audiences.	A mindset to which people consume media with the intention to choose what you consume. Eg movie to relax
	story 	re-connect	personalise	stream
example or comment	Stories on social media which provides an insight to your life.		New technology such as social media enables audiences to create an online persona of how they wat to be perceived.
	experience	store	scale	immerse
example or comment	Developments such as VAR which makes you experience a ‘different reality’- escapism.	Photos, texts and emails can be stored on devices
	interface	live	adapt	binge
example or comment				To consume a lot of media products at once. Eg Binge watch a series
	conversation	re-perform	circulate	endless 
example or comment			New technology provides a more circulation of news providing quicker development of publicity or rumours.

Marshall McLuhan:

The Medium is the Message – a good theorist to quote in your exam.

“Societies have always been shaped more by the nature of the media by which men communicate than by the content of the communication”

By which he means that the important thing about media is not the messages they carry but the way the medium itself affects human consciousness and society at large. In other words owning a TV that we watch is more significant that anything we watch on it.

AI (artificial intelligence)- demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans

Types of AI-  reactive machines, limited memory, theory of mind, and self-aware AI.

1. the transformation of social interaction (audiences);
2. the transformation of individual identity (audiences and representation);
3. the transformation of institutional structures (industry); and the changes in textual content and structure (language).
4. The transformation of audience consumption

In summary, this could be described as the changing nature of symbolic interaction and a lot of the work on this blog is essentially discussing this concept.

• Speed
• Knowledge
• Time
• Communication
• Understanding
• Access
• Privacy
• Choice
• Interactivity

New Media	share	active	creative	host
example or comment	Facebook status		Widgets	Radio 1
	story 	re-connect	personalise	stream
example or comment	Tiktok	Social Media	Making your own social media accounts/ For you page Tiktok	Football/ World Cup
	experience	store	scale	immerse
example or comment		Apple store- download apps/ Contacts
	interface	live	adapt	binge
example or comment		Instagram	Adapting Apple Iphone’s every year to fit with circumstances and modernisation	Top Boy (netflix)
	conversation	re-perform	circulate	endless 
example or comment	Snapchat	Elf Yourself	News

Marshall McLuhan- The Medium is the Message

 A way of understanding ‘technological determinism‘ the idea that it is the tool that shapes us, rather than us who shape the tool. “Societies have always been shaped more by the nature of the media by which men communicate than by the content of the communication”. Digital Prophecies.

 Are computers super-human beings or just processors?

Krotoski also looks at the network effect, ‘the constant loop of digital information’

TOPIC	NOTE / COMMENT
The Printing Press (Gutenburg) in the Medieval period mid 1400’s	the impact of new technology
Impact of new technology in South Korea as a result of promoting greater digital interaction (speed, connectivity, spread etc)	mental health internet addiction? Choices made? ‘A world without consequences’ ‘Senses over meaning’
On-line / digital connection stats	Yet, today, there are over 5,300,000,000 internet users worldwide, and the average American spends about 23 hours a week on social media alone!- Tidio 42% of people have said that technology has made it harder to form social relationships- tidio A 2017study in young adults aged 19–32 years found that people with higher social media use were more than three times as likely to feel socially isolated than those who did not use social media as often- medical news today Additionally, a study of teenagers aged 15–16 found that those who had high digital media use had an increased chance of developing symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).- medical news today 2021 average use of internet user is 415.5 minutes per day (7 hours)-
Theodore Vail	Network effect
Norbert Weiner Loop Theory	Loop Theory – predictive behaviour But is behaviour shaped and altered through networking and digital communications? (pushing / pulling) Defined cybernetics as “the science of control and communications in the animal and machine.” Issues around privacy and individual psychology (mental health / wellbeing) and the environment Virtual worlds / virtual identities (hypperreality, simulation, implosion – Jean Baudrillard) (Judith Butler ‘gender performance / David Gauntlett, Anthony Giddens etc ‘fluid & multiple identities’
Robin Dunbar – The Dunbar Number	The Dunbar number suggests that connectivity for individuals, communities or groups is typically 5 o 6, with an upper limit of 150. So who benefits from greater connectivity? Companies, organisations, institutions – ‘small elites dominate’ (Andrew Kean)
Clay Shirky	Pro new media Argued that audience behaviour has progressed from the passive consumption of media texts to a much more interactive experience with the products and each other, meaning that new digital technologies and social media has made connecting and collaborating incredibly easy.
Vannavar Bush	associative not linear thinking the demise of long form reading So changing rules for logic, rationality, truth, understanding, knowledge. Baudrillard implosion (a culture imploding in on itself rather than expanding and developing?)
Tim Berners–Lee	the inventor / creator of the World Wide Web – developed and given to everybody for free?!! Why? What did he hope it would achieve? Is he satisfied or disappointed with how it has developed and made an impact on society?
Marshall McLuhan	The Global Village – ‘a sophisticated interactive culture’
	The impact on political and economic decision making
Conclusions, suggestions, reflections and predictions

New Media: means of mass communication using digital technologies such as the internet.

The Neophiliac Perspective

Neophiliacs believe that new forms of media (e.g. social media) have led to an increased amount of choice for consumers and has also led to the revitalisation of democracy and democratic engagement

To start off with I would like to prioritise the notion of CHANGE & TRANSFORMATION as a way of thinking about NEW MEDIA which can be linked to the key ideas of a media syllabus. For example,

1. the transformation of social interaction (audiences);
2. the transformation of individual identity (audiences and representation);
3. the transformation of institutional structures (industry); and the changes in textual content and structure (language).
4. The transformation of audience consumption

In summary, this could be described as the changing nature of symbolic interaction and a lot of the work on this blog is essentially discussing this concept.

Dan Gillmor is a useful theorist to look at, you can read his book We Media by clicking on this link – provides an overview of how new media technologies have had an impact on relationship between citizens and government / institutional power.

media has transformed:

speed, knowledge, time, space. understanding, access, reality , privacy, choice, interactivity, storage, retrieval.

share	active	creative	host
can share media online with whoever you want.		can create media easily, photoshop.	users can host many events online.
	story 	re-connect	personalise	stream
example or comment	can create and or read stories online	can find people you haven’t seen in a while.	can personalise any profiles.	can stream anything you want online
	experience	store	scale	immerse
example or comment	events can be experienced across the globe. VR can improve the experience.	can store data online, no hardware needed.	the scale of the internet is the largest its ever been.	VR can immerse users.
	interface	live	adapt	binge
example or comment		can view things as they happen live	covid 19 forced us to adapt and new media helped considerably.	can watch whole shows whenever.
	conversation	re-perform	circulate	endless
	can talk with whoever.		can put media in circulation, social media.

Marshall McLuhan:

The Medium is the Message – a good theorist to quote in your exam.

“Societies have always been shaped more by the nature of the media by which men communicate than by the content of the communication” (p. 8: 1967)

Marshall McLuhan: The Medium is the Message: A way of understanding ‘technological determinism‘ the idea that it is the tool that shapes us, rather than us who shape the tool.

He predicted the World Wide Web almost 30 years before it was invented.