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Uses and Gratifications

RESEARCH PRODUCT 1 (CeraVe)
CeraVe Moisturising Cream 340g - Feelunique
RESEARCH PRODUCT 2 (Audi)
Audi gives preview of electric A6 for 2023 in Shanghai - electrive.com
MY PRODUCT
(Kiehl’s)
Rare Earth Pore Cleansing Masque. Facial mask with white Clay. Kiehl's
UNDERSTANDING SELFBy taking time out of your day to care for yourself, you take a break from distractions and learn to accept your identity.By taking long, peaceful drives, the car may help you get to grips with your purpose in life. It also might be a useful mode of transportation that can take you to therapy, where you can actually begin to understand yourself.
ENJOYMENTThe product feels great on your skin and makes you feel great internally as well. You feel a sense of self-love, as you know that you are caring for yourself in the best possible way.A new flashy car no doubt brings its owner enjoyment. It also helps its owner travel to places which they may gain enjoyment.
ESCAPISMn/aCar adverts often show people alone driving in deserted area’s. This appeals to ‘The Struggler’ who wants to escape.
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLDn/aThe car allows you to travel to new places and gain new knowledge about the world.
SELF CONFIDENCE, SELF ESTEEMCeraVe helps your skin glow and look younger, which improves your self-esteem, helping you feel great about yourself both physically and mentally.A new car may improve your self-esteem because it makes you feel as though you’ve achieved something important in life.
STRENGTHEN CONNECTIONS WITH FAMILY AND/OR FRIENDSDue to your skin feeling great you may be more likely to have the confidence to put yourself ou there in social situations and make more friends.A new car may allow you more freedom to go out and socialise with family and friends.
ANY OTHER CATEGORY OR THEMEIts primary role is to moisturise skin.Its primary role is to take you from A to B.

Definitions

  1. Male gaze – The act of depicting women and the world, in the visual arts and in literature, from a masculine perspective that presents and represents women as sexualised objects for the pleasure of the male eye.
  2. Voyeurism – the act of gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.
  3. Patriarchy – System of government in which the male gender hold power of the female gender
  4. Positive and negative stereotypes – traits of which are negatively valanced and attributed to a social group
  5. Counter-types – A positive stereotype that emphasises their positive features
  6. Misrepresentation – untrue or misleading statement of fact made during negotiations by certain people to another
  7. Selective representation – When some people are represented more in government than others
  8. Dominant ideology – The ideas, attitudes, values, beliefs, and culture of the ruling class in a society
  9. Constructed reality –  Society is based on the social construction of reality. People shape their experiences through social interaction.
  10. Hegemony – leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.
  11. Audience positioning – techniques used by the creator of a text to try to get the audience to understand the ideology of the text.

15 definitions

  1. Male gaze-  encourages the sexual politics of the gaze and suggests a sexualised way of looking that empowers men and objectifies women.
  2. Voyeurism – invasive of people’s private lives.
  3. Patriarchy- a society controlled by men.
  4. Positive and negative stereotypes- encourages a certain attitude on how we see things and how things are accepted on not accepted.
  5. Counter-types- representation that highlights the positive features of a person or group..
  6. Misrepresentation- false or misleading account of the nature of something.
  7. Selective representation- when groups of people/ things are represented/highlighted more then others.
  8. Dominant ideology-  The ideas, attitudes, values, beliefs, and culture of the ruling class in a society.
  9. Constructed reality- the way we present ourselves to other people is shaped partly by our interactions with others, as well as by our life experiences.
  10. Hegemony- leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.
  11. Audience positioning- the relationships between the audience and the text, how an audience receives, reads and responds to a text.

Identity:

  1. Fluidity of identity- having the ability to change how you see yourself, the world, and your actions.
  2. Constructed identity- the way that we construct our own identities through experiences, emotions, connections, and rejections. They constantly change.
  3. Negotiated identity-
  4. Collective identity- the shared definition of a group that derives from its members’ common interests, experiences, and solidarities.

Key language

CS PIERCE

Icon: A sign which looks like a symbol

Index: A sign that has a link to its objects

Symbol: A sign that is more random look to its objects (colour, shape)

RONALD BARTHES:

Myth: how words and images are systematically used to communicate cultural and political meaning

Radical: something that challenges dominant ideas

Ideology: System of ideas which form basis of economic or political theory or policy

Reactionary: something that confirms dominant ideas

Signification: Structural levels of signification, representation or a specific meaning

paradigm: a typical example or pattern of something

syntagma: an orderly combination of interacting signifiers which forms a meaning of words

Denotation: The most basic or literal meaning of a sign

connotation: Secondary meaning cultural meaning of signs or signifying signs, signs that are used for a secondary meaning.

Semiotics:

code: symbolic tools that are used to create meaning

Convention: A way that something is done

Dominant signifier: any material that signifies words on a page or facial expressions

Anchorage: Words that go with an image that provides content and information.

Sign: Something that could stand for something else (words, drawings or photographs)

Ferdinand De Saussure:

Signified: The idea being evoked by signifier.

Signifier: Stands in for something else