A propaganda model focuses on this inequality of wealth and power and its multilevel effects on mass-media interests and choices. Chomsky’s theory posits that language consists of both deep structures and surface structures: Outward-facing surface structures relate phonetic rules into sound, while inward-facing deep structures relate words and conceptual meaning.

For example, every language has a way to ask a question or make something negative.

Five Filters

(1) ownership – Concertation of vertical and horizontal lines and conglomerates, in game profit.

(2) advertising – They pay for audiences, the are selling products but are also selling the audiences.

(3) The establishment –

(4) flak – To manufacture consent

(5) Uniting against a ‘common enemy’ – Communisms, terrorists, public opinion

Some such as theorist, academic and intellectual Noam Chomsky, that the media is a mechanism that is deliberately used by the rich and the powerful (the elite) as a way of manufacturing consent.

AGENDA SETTING

FRAMING

MYTH MAKING

CONDITIONS OF CONSUMPTION

Habermas’ definition of a public sphere is the first and founding trigger to classification attempts of the formation of public opinions and the legitimisation of state and democracy in post-war Western societies.

The public sphere is seen as a domain of social life where public opinion can be formed. (Habermas, 1991, 398) It can be seen as the breeding ground, if you want. Habermas declares several aspects as vital for the public sphere. Mainly it is open to all citizens and constituted in every conversation in which individuals come together to form a public. The citizen plays the role of a private person who is not acting on behalf of a business or private interests but as one who is dealing with matters of general interest in order to form a public sphere. There is no intimidating force behind the public sphere but its citizens assemble and unite freely to express their opinions. The term of a political public sphere is introduced for public discussions about topics connected to the state and political practice. Although Habermas considers state power as ‘public power’ (ibid. 398) which is legitimized through the public in elections, the state and its forceful practices and powers are not part but are a counterpart of a public sphere where opinions are formed. Therefore public opinion has to control the state and its authority in everyday discussions, as well as through formal elections.

The economic independence provided by private property, the critical reflection fostered by letters and novels, the flowering of discussion in coffee houses and salon and above all, the emergence of an independent, market-based press, created (a new public engaged in critical political discussion.)

He argues that the public sphere came to be dominated by an expanded state and organized economic interests. The media ceased to be an agency of empowerment and rationality, it manipulated mass opinion. The public thinking they are passive consumers. People collectively determine through the processes of rational argument the way in which they want to see society develop.

Curran and Seaton – Profit-driven media is softened to create mass audience appeal. Minority interest content is pushed to the margins of broadcast schedules.

Livingstone and Lunt – Consumer-based regulation seeks to ensure that the media landscape contains a variety of different producers so that audiences have choice.

Key word / Theme / Question etc	Daily Mail (Textual evidence)	Daily Mail (Institutional evidence)	The I (Textual evidence)	The I (Institutional evidence)
Patriotism	The front page to show the queens resemblance and how much the audience are supporting her ‘joyous jubilee’	The Daily Mail is a British daily middle-market newspaper and news website published in London in a tabloid format	The front page about the royal family which could suggest the critical release in the picture of the royal family.	The i is a British national morning paper published in London by Daily Mail and General Trust and distributed across the United Kingdom
Racial Superiority			Page 54 and 55 – It suggests on how in the main picture it is all white men portrayed in the picture playing football and there is no black male figure which could suggest the hate that many black people get, which could be spreading awareness in a more rude way and unethical.
Militarism (use of military)			Page 43 – The use of Ukraine going to war which suggests it focus more on empathetic reporting of victims.
The fusion of entertainment and news / information	Page 6 – ‘Hilarious and barmy…. final parade was so very British’ which suggests they were having fun and they were being respected	The Daily Mail has been owned by the family of Lord Rothermere since it was founded in 1896
Nationality / class	Page 18 – talking about labour’s chances of winning is small but could be a nightmare of Tories implode.	The Mail is a member of the Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO)
Regulation		One of the first British papers to popularize its coverage to appeal to a mass readership.
Protectionism	Page 4 and 5 – The queen says she is remaining committed to serving us all
Tax is to high for rich				it was revealed that regional publisher Johnston Press, which owned The Yorkshire Post and The Scotsman, were in the advanced stages of talks to buy the i for around £24 million. This relaunch of the weekend paper saw circulation rise by around 30,000, to around 290,000 of the first edition of the redesigned paper being sold.
Manipulation		The Daily Mail is mentioned in The Beatles’ hit single Paperback Writer	Page 40 – glasses with a hearing aid and you when a £10 M&S voucher which explains they could just be false information which suggests that they just want manipulate people into buying stuff.	The first issue of the i went on sale for 20p on 26 October 2010, along with a new-look version of The Independent.
Mislead information			Page 36 – The national Hearing Health campaign is offering everyone a free hearing test in June which suggests that not many people might know about this which could not be true which also explains how the test might be free but the consultation isn’t.	The paper is classified as a ‘quality’ in the UK market but is published in the standard compact tabloid-size format.
Government issues / conservatism	Page 2 Fury over rebels plotting a catastrophe ‘Boris is no longer an electoral assets’	Its political opinion is right-wing, and it supports the Conservative Party in elections.
Civilised issues	Page 20 – A “Sturgeon keeps schtum over bullying inquiry” which shows how they are protecting their data protections.
Disruption / counter terrorism	Page 28 – “Airports told: It’s YOUR job to sort out queues chaos” which suggests how this delay’s flights and most likely unreliable when going on holiday
Humanity			Page 1 – The menopause revolution meaning that the world keeps moving on
Left Wing			Page 16 – You should be reading this on the first page because it is about hunger crisis

The I 10 Facts

1. Nick Clegg, former UK Deputy Prime Minister and former leader of the Liberal Democrats, a centrist party, is a fortnightly columnist for the i.
2. The i was also found in a 2018 poll to be the second-most trusted news brand in the UK
3. the i chose not to endorse a political party.
4. was originally launched in 2010 as a sister paper to The Independent

I am intending to create 3 products for a campaign about the false identifications that social media can lead you up to. For my first product I will be doing an A4 poster landscape to illustrate the 2 different sides of positive and negative sides of the social media and explaining how scammers try to manipulate your thinking about the reality of social media. Their will be two different examples of twitter accounts were one being a scam alert where the other being a real account. This will benefit my audience to see the difference and help them to identify the scammers that are out there and to stop the next set of scammers. The colours will be bright to catch individuals eye’s to make them want to take a look at it. I won’t add a bunch of information so it doesn’t bore my audience as I will much rather make it short and snappy.

For my second product I want to create a flyer as a portrait. My aim for this poster is to teach young children how social media can be dangerous and shouldn’t always be trustworthy. Therefore, my product will be presented for a schools, so that further education can be learnt. It will be the colour blue wit a mixture of shapes to suggest technology and how the internet is always surrounding us. My flyer will have 2 sides to it one being the front cover and the the back. This is just so it can give a little detail of what it is about. I would like my audience to get a sense of control and the cost of benefits that this is giving towards the world.

For my third product for my campaign I would like to create a set of icon apps sliding from the left side of the screen to portray a symbol of social media. Majority of the apps will be common to suggest the use of social media used nowadays. On the right side of the screen I would like to have a quote to suggest the use of problems and risks of using social media in certain ways. I want my poster to be landscape so it makes it easier to lay out. There will be a variety of colours so it will make it bright and catchy.

My campaign flyers

https://create.piktochart.com/output/58870756-social-media-awareness

https://create.piktochart.com/output/58870606-social-media-awareness-2

Libertarianism – a set of public view points in what they should be allowed to perform freely.

Authoritarianism – The government laws which control your limit of freedom.

Hedonism – peruse pleasure, an insight to being free (pleasure) to much pleasure can cause harm.

Epicurus – It is about how you can’t find yourself if you don’t find it through others, although you need to also have time to reflect on yourself to be who you are. It is also about luxuries and how you can earn a lot of stuff when you go through it.

The FrankFurt school

Key question	Focus	Specifics
Why regulate?	accountable self-regulation is good for business, Social media platforms need to take more responsibility for their impact on the world. e.g. Pay, you need job security, owner ship To avoid monopoly to have choice, such as cinema relative subjective behaviour	liable, slander and deformation of character – Johnny Depp and Amber Heard case
What gets regulated?	Films, Adverts, Radios, Music, Video Games, Internet, Books, Animation/Cartoons, Newspapers, The news, Magazines
Who regulates what?	The government regulates the BBC (overall).BBFC runs the cinema’s. (ASA, advertising standards authority) Radio, Television, Internet, social media. (IPSO, independent press standards organisation) regulate a voluntary membership of over 1500 print (newspapers and magazines). Ofcom, broadcasting
How will regulation be put in place?	They exist to protect freedom of expression and media freedom and regulate media markets, ownership, infrastructure and technical standards and, importantly, protect public interests such as media pluralism and diversity.