Score Hair Cream:

Stereotype/Male Gaze: The stereotypical dominant man who conquers the passive and submissive woman. This is displayed by the woman holding the male on a pedestal wearing skimpy clothing for the males liking.
The male gaze can be supported by the Connoted glamour on the women’s body, tanned skin, luscious hair and short tied shirts across their chest which would barely be allowed by the advert regulators in the 1960s.

Hesmondhalgh, Company profit: Three women look up to the man in complete awe of him and his presence, in fact one of the 3 is quite literally trying to reach up and grab him, almost signifying she’s reaching higher above for something she years. The other 2 woman look at the consumer, as if to suggest, you too could have this power and dominance over woman if you buy and use the hair cream.

Valdimir Propp, Stock Characters: The “Hero” character can be seen within the ad through its props, costume and set. The jungle themes clothing like green cargos, skimpy tops to “cool off” and bushes in the foreground suggest the male has gone on a quest to find and save the girls with his amazing hair and shaven face. This is shown by how the male is represented above all the women literally but also being held as if he is a saviour.

Judith Butler, Gender Performance:
Judith Butler states that your genders stereotype is decided by a repitition of acts by that gender, in this case the typical acts are being represented through the idolised view of males from the female side of things, whereas on the male side of things they are typically being dominant and held high in society.

Maybelline:

Hesmondhalgh, Company Profit/Risk: Manny was the first male to become an ambassador for Maybelline, this advertisement shift allows a wider range of audience to be interested, engaging more sales.

David Gauntlett, Fluidity of Identity, Countertypes: Fluidity of identity is said to “Break down binary gender definitions”, the typical “housewife” female representation is broken in “That Boss Life” due to the woman being represented with gold clothes, eyeliner and gold jewellery, not to mention the title “that boss life” implying that the actors are in complete control of their lives, being the “boss” of them. Gold being a rare and expensive metal, signifies that the woman is rare and worth time as she is precious. This is a countertype.

Opposition of Judith Butlers, Gender Performance:

This text might help the audience to rethink their views on masculinity. This is re-enforced by how Manny (A male youtuber) has facial hair and identifies as a man, wears mascara in the advert and poses femininely.

Mens Health CSP, Links, theories and examples:

Lazarfeld Opinion leaders/Chomsky Opinion leader 5 filters: By utilising Vin diesel on the front page and Gerald Butler on page 7, the Men’s Health magazine looks to boost sales and create an interest through their popularity.
Hesmondhalgh risk/profit: By using these different opinion leaders, Men’s health look to increase the sales of their magazine by attracting fans of vin diesel, not only that but on page 7, Gerald Butler is used to boost sales of the Boss Aftershave, this is due to his popularity.
Gauntlett Constructed Identity/Propp stock characters: Page 68 identifies 3 different types of men with 3 different titles. Vin diesel as the “Strong man”, “True Grit” as the “old man” in the middle of the page and the “cool man” next to the “old man”.
James Curran and Jean Seaton: Mens health is owned by “Hearst” which is a conglomerate which also owns popular pages like “Vanity Fair” and “GQ”, Seaton and Curran talk about how conglomerates dominate the media scene.

Oh! CPS, Links, Theories and examples:

Countertypes: Oh! opposes the typical representation of women within the media. On the front page we can see a low shot of a woman’s head, chest and shoulders. These typically oversexualised areas are covered up and hidden as well as the woman being shown with short hair, and a dominate position with her arms flailed up.
Bel Hooks Intersectionality: Within page 7 of “Oh!” we can see a British Arab woman who talks about the health of the vaginal area of a woman, not only does this oppose the typical content you would see in a newspaper, but it displays the double consciousness of the woman used in the page.

Exam starter:

Mens Health is a personal needs magazine which identifies and targets men who want to better themselves and change their attitude. Being owned by “Hearst”, Mens Health is part of a “Media Conglomerate”, James Curran and Jean Seaton talk about how conglomerates dominate the global media scene. Furthermore, we have “Oh!” which is a niche magazine which displays the countertypes of the typical representation of women within the Media. On the other hand, within “Mens Health”, the stereotypical “stock characters” from “Propp” are identified and shown within page 68 in the editors note, this also doubles down as the “constructed identity”

The Sims, Theory, examples and their links:

Hesmondhalgh Theory, Risk/Profit:
The Sims FreePlay follows the freemium business model. This is a free game available to everyone who uses an app store, however the game can be progressed quicker by using in game purchases, EA uses addiction methods like making things take time within the game, therefore players want to skip these things, doing that requires points which cost money.

Gauntlett Identity theory (constructed):
For instance, the choice of skin tones available at the start of The Sims FreePlay in the character customisation screen is a recognition of the racial diversity of the audience. In this way, the town becomes a place which reflects the player’s identity and values.

Gauntlett Identity theory (Collective) &  Benedict Anderson’s Imagined Communities:
The Sims FreePlay has a dedicated group of players who call themselves Simmers. They exchange tips and ideas on forums such as the fandom page – a wiki platform for fans to celebrate and engage with their favourite media products.

Postmodernism within “The Sims”:
The game is seen as a “simulacra” of the real world and is a “pastiche” where people can live whatever life they like.

Metroid:

Hybrid Genre, Steve Neale:
Firstly, we have the First Person Shooter Genre, this is seen by the genre repeated visor features, these being a heads-up display (HUD) where you can check your ammunition count and health status.
Secondly, we have Action and Adventure, In terms of action, Samus Aran is a bounty hunter so most of your time will be spent with the combat mode activated on your visor. And in terms of Adventure, the game has lots of puzzles to solve. As you work your way through Agon Wastes, collecting the important upgrades to your jump and beams, you also need to find three keys to open the boss door.

Judith Butler, Male Gaze, Patriarchal society and feminism:
In the original Metroid game, we can see that if you defeated the main boss in under an hour, Samus Aran would strip out of her exoskeleton and wave to the player in nothing more than a bikini. The developers received backlash from this oversexualisation, however they knew they would be “subverting expectations” if they didn’t include a over-sexualised version of “Samus” in Metroid 2, so in this case they added a reveal unlocked if you gathered more than 75 items, in this reveal she is wearing a skin tight, dark blue suit which defines and over sexualised the female attributes like breasts, thighs and glutes.

Hesmondhalgh:
“Metroid” was created in 1986 by Nintendo’s own research and development team, known as R&D1. If you wanted to play any of their original titles, you had to buy their system. The independent Retro Studios was granted the license to develop “Metroid Prime” for the GameCube. When they struggled to deliver the game, Nintendo secured $1 million worth of the company’s stock and it became one of its subsidiaries.

Tomb Raider:

Gauntletts theory of empowering women from “Media, Gender and Identity”:
In 2002, he suggested the representation of the Spice Girls and their “Girl Power” was a terrific example of how gender identities were more complex than the binary definitions which reduced women to passive housewives.
Tomb Raider game was released just after the Spice Girls topped the UK music charts with their single “Wannabe” so the representation of Lara Croft fits in with that new wave of female empowerment.
Gauntlett: “…watching Tomb Raider… might encourage girls to become somewhat more independent and feisty, without them needing to directly copy an extensive fight sequence, embark on a perilous quest for ancient artifact”

Hybrid Genre, Steve Neale:
Tomb Raider is (like metroid) an “action Adventure” game.
The third-person perspective allows the player to rotate the camera and view their surroundings without having to move the character. This gives a better sense of the 3-D space and discover solutions to the puzzles.
The player actions, attacks and weapons displays the Action genre where Lara fights enemies to get to the final gem within the game.

Propp Stock characters:
Lara Croft is obviously the hero because she goes on a quest to defeat the villain, the Queen of Atlantis, who wants to remake the world in her evil image. Natla could also be considered a dispatcher because she sends Lara to Peru in search of the first Scion of Atlantis.

Jean Seaton and James Curran, Conglomerate domination:
Some critics would also argue this business model enables the creation of increasingly complex and financially risky games. For example, Core Design needed substantial funding to complete “Tomb Raider” or the game would never have left the design board. Core design is owned By “Square Enix” who have a net worth of close to 30 billion JPY.

Picked up words/theories:

Anchorage: Other newspapers and ideas from the time provide the reasoning behind why The Voice was created.
Imagines Communities: Different groups of people from all over the place interact and use Teen Vogues website and social platforms. This creates an imagined community of supporters who all follow and support the same idea.
Hesmondhalgh: Media is risky and profit driven. The Voice was started with a niche audience and a hefty Loan from Barclays bank of £50,000. This was payed back within 5 years and the Voice
David Gauntlett:
Theory of preferred reading:

From the mind:

“No Offense” – A show about greater Manchester crimes involving the autistic and disabled community. The show revolves around the kidnapping and murders of autistic people and ropes comedy in with shining a light on the autistic community. The Channel 4 program had 2 seasons, was stopped in 2017 and was in the “police procedural”, “comedy” and “drama” genres.

This is called a hybrid genre from Steve Neale.

Theories/theorists:
Fluid Identity – Gauntlett
Hybrid Genre – Steve Neale

Picked up words/theories:

Gender performativity:
The show opposes the typical representation of women set forth by Judith Butlers gender performance theory. This is due to the fact that all the police officers within the series are females, and they are who cracks the case. This being a positive representation of women and a countertype to the typical view that women wait for men and are subordinate to them.

Bel Hooks:
Bel hooks talks of multiple disadvantages that effect races and people within the media. This can be seen within No Offense as it shows autistic, black and gay people who are seen to be in poor houses, with ruined walls, sharing rooms and selling their body for money to live.

Key facts: