Barthes:

• Semiotics, Signs (Index, Symbol, Icon)
• Denotation VS Connotation
• Mise-en-scene
• Myths (Ideological effects)
• Hermeneutic/ Proairetic codes

Strauss:

• Binary oppositions
• Encode/ Decode
• Media constructs ideologies

Todorov:

• Narrative theory
• 3-part structure: Equilibrium, Disruption, New Equilibrium
• Plot/Sub-plot
• Flexi-narratives
• Ideological meanings – Power of stories lie in deeper meanings

Propp:

• Stock characters
• 31 plot moments – Narratemes

Neale:

• Genre
• Repetition and difference
• Sub-genres/ Genre hybridisation

Media Representation

Butler:

• Gender as performance
• Distinction: Sex/ Gender
• Repeated acts

Gauntlett:

• Identity: Constructed, Fluidity, Negotiated, Collective
• Heteronormativity