Stuart halls reception theory:

ENCODING AND DECODING:

His reception theory describes how produces use various signs to encode a programmes meaning, according to ideologies and resources, which is then decoded by the viewers, which is decoded by the viewers, who have their own framework of knowledge

Application: BBC is a public service broadcaster that is heavily dependant on license fee money in order to support its output

it is regulated by Ofcom and it needs to fulfil certain obligations, promoting education and learning, the news programmes are supposed to offer an unbiased look at the main stories of the day

the relations of production refer to the different crews involved in the programme. Hall is drawing our attention to how messages are encoded by the producer , newscaster, content editor, camera operator and other technicians who help to broadcast it

clay shirky end of audience:

clay shirky argued audience behaviour has progressed from the active consumption of media texts to a much more interactive experience with the product of each other.

new technologies and social media has made us connecting and collaborating incredibly

Passive audience:

Broadcast media used to deliver their products to their mass audiences to those who were mostly disconnected