Letter to the Free	Media Industries Media Audiences	Social, political, economic, cultural	Paper 1 Section A
Ghost Town	Media Industries Media Audience	Historical, social, political, economic, cultural	Paper 1 Section A
Score	Media Industries Media Audiences	Historical, social, cultural	Paper 1 Section A
That Boss Life	Media Industries Media Audiences	Social, cultural	Paper 1 Section A
Blinded by the light	Media Industries Media Audiences	Social, economic, cultural	Paper 1 Section B
Newsbeat	Media Industries Media Audiences	Social, cultural	Paper 1 Section B
War of The Worlds	Media Industries Media Audiences	Historical, social, political, cultural	Paper 1 Section BPaper 1 Section B
The Daily Mail	Media Industries Media Audiences	Social, political, economic, cultural	Paper 1 Section B
The i	Media Industries Media Audiences	Social, political, economic, cultural	Paper 1 Section B

• Sign – Anything that can convey meaning (e.g Road signs indicate/convey/mean danger)
• Signifier- Means / connotations to something else (the signified) e.g image or facial expression
• Signified- The thing that the signifier mean / is relating to
• Index – Describes the connection between signifier and signified
• Ideology – Set of opinions or beliefs (e.g Religion)
• Syntagm – Group of symbols / signs that form meaning when together

CSP’S – https://hautlieucreative.co.uk/media23al/wp-content/uploads/sites/58/2022/04/2023-A-level-Media-Studies-Close-Study-Products-v1.5.pdf

Semiotics:

• Sign – an object, quality, or event whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something else
• Signifier – a sign’s physical form (such as a sound, printed word, or image) as distinct from its meaning
• Signified – the meaning or idea expressed by a sign, as distinct from the physical form in which it is expressed
• Signification – the representation or conveying of meaning
• Dominant signifier – any material thing that signifies
• Icon – a sign that looks like its object
• Index – a sign or measure of something e.g smoke is an index of fire
• Code – symbolic tools used to create meaning
• Symbol – anything that can be used to represent something else
• Anchorage – words with an image to provide context
• Denotation – the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests
• Connotation – the literal or primary meaning of a word, contrasting the feelings/ideas that the word suggests
• Myth – a widely held but false belief or idea
• Ideology – the science of ideas; the study of their origin
• Paradigm – a collection of signs that are related
• Convention – a way in which something is usually done
• Syntagm – an orderly combination of interacting signifiers which forms a meaningful whole 

Propps character types:

• The villain
• The donor
• The helper
• The princess
• The dispatcher
• The hero
• The false hero

• Equilibrium – where everything is balanced, progress as something comes along to disrupt that equilibrium, and finally reach a resolution, when equilibrium is restored
• Sub-genre – a smaller and more specific genre within a broader genre
• Hybridity – is a methodology of viewing the world in a comprehensive, dynamic and dialectical view that acknowledge the heterogeneous nature of world or phenomenon
• Hegemony – the dominance of certain aspects of life and thought by the penetration of a dominant culture and its values into social life

Theory of Semiotics

Ferdinand de Saussure, Roland Barthes, C S Pierce (1916)

study of signs and symbols

Semiotics in the media doesn’t necessarily require an obvious sign. For example, it could be a camera angle, colour, background or print type. It is anything that can initiate a call to action.

They carefully select what they put in their messages — objects, images, words, sounds, even color — while taking into account the signifying value of each.