new media

Key terms

speed

time

feedback

share

access

storage

space

connectivity

history

participation

discover

retrieval

knowledge

shareactivecreativehost
example or commentSocial media has given us better ways to show off our abilities in different forms.
storyre-connectpersonalisestream
example or comment
experiencestorescaleimmerse
example or comment
interfaceliveadaptbinge
example or comment
conversationre-performcirculateendless
example or comment

Marshall McLuhan-

The Medium is the Message – a good theorist to quote in your exam.

“Societies have always been shaped more by the nature of the media by which men communicate than by the content of the communication

TOPICNOTE / COMMENT
BF SkinnerBurrhus Frederic Skinner was an American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher. He was a professor of psychology at Harvard University from 1958 until his retirement in 1974. Considering free will to be an illusion
The Printing Press (Gutenburg) in the Medieval period mid 1400’sthe impact of new technology
Impact of new technology in South Korea as a result of promoting greater digital interaction (speed, connectivity, spread etc)mental health
internet addiction? Choices made?
‘A world without consequences’
‘Senses over meaning’
On-line / digital connection stats
Theodore VailThe Network effect,  Vail saw telephone service as a public utility and moved to consolidate telephone networks under the Bell system. 
Norbert Weiner Loop TheoryLoop Theory – predictive behaviour
But is behaviour shaped and altered through networking and digital communications (pushing / pulling
)

Issues around privacy and individual psychology (mental health / wellbeing) and the environment

Virtual worlds / virtual identities (hypperreality, simulation, implosion – Jean Baudrillard)

(Judith Butler ‘gender performance / David Gauntlett, Anthony Giddens etc ‘fluid & multiple identities’

The
Robin Dunbar – The Dunbar NumberThe Dunbar number suggests that connectivity for individuals, communities or groups is typically 5 o 6, with an upper limit of 150.
So who benefits from greater connectivity?
 Companies, organisations, institutions – ‘small elites dominate’ (Andrew Kean)
Clay Shirky
Vannavar Bushassociative not linear thinking
the demise of long form reading

So changing rules for logic, rationality, truth, understanding, knowledge.

Baudrillard implosion (a culture imploding in on itself rather than expanding and developing?)
Tim BernersLeethe inventor / creator of the World Wide Web – developed and given to everybody for free?!! Why? What did he hope it would achieve? Is he satisfied or disappointed with how it has developed and made an impact on society?
Marshall McLuhanThe Global Village – ‘a sophisticated interactive culture’
The impact on political and economic decision making
Conclusions, suggestions, reflections and predictions

8hours a day is the average screen time use for teenagers

we spend around 5 years and 4months on social media throughout our lifetime

there was a 16million user increase on netflix during the pandemic

teen vogue

  • Ownership (INSTITUTION) =
  • Conglomeration, vertical and/or horizontal integration
  • Cross-media titles / products (= INSTITUTION)
  • Income / Expenditure (= INSTITUTION)
  • Advertising, marketing, product placement etc – in terms of revenue and type of products featured in Vogue (INSTITUTION & AUDIENCE)
  • Primary target audience (= AUDIENCE)
  • Uses and Gratifications (= AUDIENCE)
  • Messages sent (encoded/decoded) ie the values, attitudes and opinions of this CSP (or ideology / political & social bias) (= REPRESENTATION)
  • Use of new technology / relationship to old technology (= LANGUAGE)
  • Layout, language, style, design, words, images, symbols, connectivity (=LANGUAGE)

Publisher / ownership: Condé Nast – Condé Nast is a global mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast, and owned by Advance Publications. Its headquarters are located at One World Trade Centre in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan.

Target audience: Teen Vogue is an American online publication, formerly in print, launched in January 2003, as a sister publication to Vogue, targeted at teenagers.

“Teen Vogue is the young person’s guide to saving the world. We aim to educate, enlighten, and empower our audience to create a more inclusive environment (both on- and offline) by amplifying the voices of the unheard, telling stories that normally go untold, and providing resources for teens looking to make a tangible impact in their communities.” – From Conde nasts website about Teen vogue.

“Teen Vogue is the destination for the next generation of influencers. We educate, enlighten, and empower young people, arming them with all they need to lead stylish and informed lives. Teen Vogue, launched in February 2003, delivers 27 million-plus monthly impressions through a combination of TeenVogue.com, multiple social media platforms, and a robust video channel.” From Conde nasts website about Teen vogue.

SOCIAL MEDIA:

Teen vogue talks about Fashion, culture and politics. One article that was recently published about Andrew Tate with the headline as “Andrew Tate and the “Manosphere” Show How Far Hating Women Can Get You” by Lexi mcmenamin, 19th January 2023. The article includes links when you press on it, it takes you to an relevant article to help the reader to get a better understanding on the Topic.

Income:

Teen Vogue’s Annual Revenue = $14.0 Million

The average employee at Teen Vogue makes $43,053 per year.

80% of Teen Vogue employees are women, while 20% are men.

  • The most common ethnicity at Teen Vogue is White (58%).
  • 18% of Teen Vogue employees are Hispanic or Latino.
  • 12% of Teen Vogue employees are Black or African American.

Teen vogue was founded in 2003

DIGITAL – 5.4 million

SOCIAL – 13.1 million

VIDEO – 24.4 million

Teen vogue covers the latest in celebrity news, politics, fashion, beauty, wellness, lifestyle and entertainment.

CSP Teen Vogue

https://www.teenvogue.com

This is an in-depth CSP and needs to be studied with reference to all four elements of the Theoretical Framework (Language, Representation, Industries, Audience) and all relevant contexts. Online, social and participatory: Fashion, lifestyle, political and campaigning website and social media sites. The different sites should be studied in detail including the home page of the website and the ‘Culture’ section.

What needs to be studied? Key Questions and Issues


This product relates to the theoretical framework by providing a focus for the study of:

Media Language
How are the codes and conventions of a website used in the product? How are these conventions used to influence meaning?
The website should be analysed in terms of:
the composition of the images, positioning, layout, typography, language and mode of address
The application of a semiotic approach will aid the analysis of the way in which the website creates a narrative about the world it is constructing – often to do with age, beauty and social and
political issues.
The genre conventions of websites will be studied and the genre approach should also include reference to the content of lifestyle websites.
Narrative in the context of online material can refer to the way that the images and the selection of stories construct a narrative about the world – one which is likely to be ideological.

Media Representations
The choice of this online product provides a wide range of representational issues. These include the representation of the target audience of young women in the United States but also globally.
The focus on representation will build on work done in the analysis of visual images and can also be used to explore target audiences and ideological readings
Representation of particular groups (age, gender, race), construction of a young female identity.
• Who is constructing the representation and to what purpose?
(Stuart Hall)
The focus on politics, social issues and technology (in addition to fashion and celebrity) suggests a new representation of young women.
• Analysis of the construction and function of stereotypes
• Representation and news values – how do the stories selected construct a particular representation of the world and particular groups and places in it?
(‘Rise, Resist. Raise your
Voice’ is the slogan for the website).

Media Industries
Teen Vogue is a commercial media product but could also be seen as fulfilling a public service through its political reporting and social campaigns. The website also demonstrates the way that publishing institutions (in this case Conde Nast) have developed their reach through new technology and convergence.
Teen Vogue’s web and social media sites show how institutions respond to changes in consumption
• The use of digital platforms to expand the output and reach of the products demonstrates how institutions have responded to the impact of new technology

Media Audiences
The close study product provides an example of a clearly targeted, primary audience through demographics of gender and age which should encourage the study of issues of identity. Related to this would be a discussion of the changing relationship between producers and audiences in
the context of participatory media. (Clay Shirky ‘End of audience’ theories).
Definitions of mass and minority or specialised audiences.
• Debates around the idea of targeting specialised audiences
(by age, gender, lifestyle etc.) and how successful that targeting is.
Differing interpretations by different groups – those belonging to and outside the primary
audience.
(Stuart Hall – reception theory)
Opportunities for audience interactivity and creativity.

Social, political, cultural and economic contexts
Teen Vogue is culturally significant in its marrying of the political with fashion and lifestyle to target a young female audience more traditionally seen as interested in more superficial issues. Its explicit feminist stance and reporting on the Trump presidency has made it a relatively radical voice in the context of mainstream US media. The social and economic contexts can be addressed in terms of how the product has been received and how it has succeeded when other
magazines (online) are struggling to maintain audiences.

Ownership

Published by Condé Nast (Owns Vogue, The New Yorker, Architectural Digest), & Advance Publications. Vogue also sells mid-high end clothes.

Target Audience

Obviously primarily teens, but although the brand name suggests a teenage audience, the typical Teen Vogue reader has evolved in recent years. The move to more political content has broadened the appeal and changed the genre – young women now expect more from their media. Teen vogue uses means specific to their audience such as popular opinion leaders (Two Step Flow) to engage their readers.

The CSP Teen Vogue, although it is clearly aimed at teens they do cater to a rather large demographic. Over the years their readers have broadened. quote from ABC News

“When Teen Vogue started out, Teen Vogue was an aspirational fashion magazine for fashion lovers. You know it was the little sister to Vogue. And over the years we’ve realized that our mission was really to become more focused on making this an inclusive community, that speaks to every kind of young person,” Elaine Welteroth, Teen Vogue’s 31-year-old editor-in-chief, told ABC News’ “Nightline.”

The digital magazine, now primarily online, is filling more of its page with stories that appeal to its socially conscious audiences on topics including: immigration, race, wellness and politics.

You can see that they cater to a large demographic through their articles: https://www.teenvogue.com/story/teens-angola-prison-louisiana – (formal article.) In a article I found in the Politics section of the website, formal language was used as was discussing what older viewers may find as a serious matter. The article from January 20th title reads: Teens Are Being Sent to Louisiana’s Angola Prison and Held on Its Former Death Row by Yasmin Cader. This Teen Vogue writer has written this article with formal language to convey the importance of the contents of the article. It is in this place of despair — this site of racial oppression, punishment, and brutality — that Louisiana is now detaining children, most of whom are Black. This quote from the article suggests the writer is using this language to produce an ideology of what shocking actions are taking place.

On the contrary, another article I have found an article in the style section titled 41 Best Valentine’s Day Gift Ideas That’ll Spoil Your BFF from January 9th by Shauna Beni and Bianca Nieves. This article includes language that a reader may decide to be informal. “#showertok, besties, goodies”

CSP: Teen Vogue

Teen Vogue is an American online publication, formerly in print, launched in January 2003, as a sister publication to Vogue, targeted at teenagers. Like Vogue, it included stories about fashion and celebrities.

What is Teen Vogue? – Teen Vogue is an American online publication, formerly in print, launched in January 2003, as a sister publication to Vogue, targeted at teenagers. Like Vogue, it included stories about fashion and celebrities but also includes features on politics, culture, identity etc.

Ownership: Condé Nast

Audience

  • Although the brand name suggests a teenage audience, the typical Teen Vogue reader has evolved in recent years. The move to more political content has broadened the appeal and changed the genreyoung women now expect more from their media.
  • The ‘Campus Life’ section in Lifestyle also suggests an older readership.
  •  Although, the audience is still interested in celebrity content and beauty – which Teen Vogue addresses by featuring the ‘opinion leaders’ (two-step flow *LAZARSFELD*) of social media.

Teen Vogue: political positioning

Teen Vogue generally takes a liberal, left-wing political stance and positions its readers to become active in their support:

  • Pro-feminist
  • Pro-gender fluidity and gender identity
  • Supports LGBT equality
  • Pro-multiculturalism
  • Supports Black Lives Matter
  • Pro-environment (accepting science on climate change)
  • Pro-choice (abortion)

Ideas and themes of new media can be represented through Teen Vogue through their political positionings and an interesting target audience of young people, specifically female teens mainly. They feature sections within their website such as ‘shopping’, ‘culture’ and ‘identity’.

Theorists to mention

Marshall McLuhan:

“The Medium is the Message” – a good theorist to quote in your exam.

“Societies have always been shaped more by the nature of the media by which men communicate than by the content of the communication” 

New media and the shaping the thoughts and behaviours of the new generation.

  • Means that the important thing about media is not the messages they carry but the way the medium itself affects human consciousness and society at large. In other words owning a TV that we watch is more significant that anything we watch on it.

Youth Gun Violence Activists Can’t Be Asked to Save the World

Beyond Thoughts and Prayers is a series marking 10 years since the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.

2 Step flow of communication

Teen Vogue

“The young person’s guide to conquering (and saving) the world. Teen Vogue covers the latest in celebrity news, politics, fashion, beauty, wellness, lifestyle, and entertainment.”

Teen Vogue is a sister publication to Vogue. Both of which are published by Conde Nast and advance publications

On November 2, 2017, it was announced Teen Vogue would cease its print edition and continue as an online-only publication as part of a new round of cost cuts.

Since 2015, following a steep decline in sales, the magazine cut back on its print distribution in favour of online content, which has grown significantly.

Media Language

How are the codes and conventions of a website used in the product? How are these conventions used to influence meaning? The website could be analysed in terms of:

  • The language of composition and layout: images, positioning, layout, typography, language and mode of address.
  • The genre conventions of websites will be studied and the genre approach should also include reference to the content of lifestyle websites.
  • The application of a semiotic approach will aid the analysis of the way in which the website creates an ideology about the world it is constructing – often to do with age, beauty and social and political issues.
  • Narrative in the context of online material can refer to the way that the images and the selection of stories construct a narrative about the world.

Media Representations

The choice of this online product provides a wide range of representational issues. These include the representation of the target audience of young women in the United States but also globally. The focus on representation will build on work done in the analysis of visual images and can also be used to explore target audiences and ideological readings:

  • Representation of particular groups (age, gender, race), construction of a young female identity.
  • Rise, Resist. Raise your Voice’ is the slogan for the website.
  • Who is constructing the representation and to what purpose?
  • The focus on politics, social issues and technology (in addition to fashion and celebrity) suggests a new representation of young women.
  • Analysis of the construction and function of stereotypes
  • Representation and news values – how do the stories selected construct a particular representation of the world and particular groups and places in it?

Defining and conceptualising New Technology

Technology is central to any Media Studies course, and is of relevance in terms of the productiondistribution and consumption of news and news-gathering, as well as playing a significant role in terms of democracy, knowledge, access and truth. As a starter exercise to understand this relationship in terms of news production, create a table and see how many different technologies you can put in each box, to show which what technologies are used in each stage of the production process.

Lifestyle section contains huge amount of lists telling you what technology to buy and how it can make your life better/easier. For example the top list on the page is ’33 best tech gifts’, There is then a review on a new Imac which is simply a bit faster and is now available in colours other than the normal silver/black. The review does not mention one negative and encourages readers to buy it. Relate this to new media?

Audience

Although the brand name suggests a teenage audience, the typical Teen Vogue reader has evolved in recent years. The move to more political content has broadened the appeal and changed the genre – young women now expect more from their media.

The ‘Campus Life’ section in Lifestyle also suggests an older readership. However, the audience is still interested in celebrity content and beauty – which Teen Vogue addresses by featuring the ‘opinion leaders’ (two-step flow) of social media.

Teen Vogue: political positioning

Teen Vogue generally takes a liberal, left-wing political stance and positions its readers to become active in their support:

  • Pro-feminist
  • Pro-gender fluidity and gender identity
  • Supports LGBT equality
  • Pro-multiculturalism
  • Supports Black Lives Matter
  • Pro-environment (accepting science on climate change)
  • Pro-choice (abortion)

Teen Vogue: audience interaction

How does Teen Vogue encourage audience interaction?

  • Activism
  • Social media
  • ‘Clickbait’ and first-person headlines
  • Events – Teen Vogue summit