Radio production nea+ – 100 years of the bbc

Theme:

Music through the decades on the BBC

How music has changed throughout the decades, and how the BBC has changed with it.

What is the future of the BBC. How do I think the BBC should change with the times – why the BBC is becoming less and less popular – mentioned Spotify.

1950s –

Ray Charles – I’ve gotta woman

Released in 1954

The birth of soul – this album was innovative and influenced artists such as, Stevie Wonder, Aretha Franklin, Otis Reading, Marvin Gaye, Elvis Presley, Van Morrison, Billy Joel and millions more – a combination of jazz, rock n roll, and gospel, it was the first time the world had heard soul.

200,000 sales in the UK

One of the most regularly played songs on the BBC in the 50s

Kanye West‘s song “Gold Digger” contains samples of “I Got a Woman”; one particular line is repeated throughout the song in the background. An interpolation by Jamie Foxx, who portrayed Charles in the 2004 biopic Ray, of “I Got a Woman” serves as the introduction to “Gold Digger”.

My song of the decade

Other frequently played songs on the BBC in the 50s:

1957 – Jailhouse Rock by Elvis Presley

1958 – Johnny B. Goode by Chuck Berry

1960s –

The Beatles were the most-played band on the BBC through the 60s

My favourite Beatles songs –

Sexy Sadie

Happiness is a Warm Gun

Both songs on the White Album – which was released in 1968

Happiness is a warm Gun was banned by the BBC due to its sexually suggestive lyrics. The song is a double entendre with guns a metaphore for John Lennon’s sexual desire for Yoko Ono.

The last section of song is arguably the greatest minute in Rock history, with main vocal by John Lennon, and back vocals by Paul Mccartney and George Harrison

More BBC’s favourites from the 60s:

1961 – Stand By Me by Ben E King

1962 – Cry To Me by Solomon Burke

1963 – Be My Baby by Ronettes

1969 – Here Comes The Sun by Beatles

1970s –

Right Down the Line – Gerry Rafferty

“Right Down the Line” is an ode from Gerry Rafferty to Carla, his teenage love whom he also married in 1970, about a decade before this track’s dropping.

Right down the line went number 1 in the US in 1978 before falling into obscurity.

However, the song has made a comeback in 2022 ranking 16 in the rock charts after it featured in popular US teen drama show, Euphoria.

Talk about the effect that other forms of popular culture have on songs… same thing happened with Where is my mind.

More heavily played tracks on the BBC in the 70s:

1975 – Bohemian Rhapsody by Queen

1976 – Go Your Own Way by Fleetwood Mac

1977 – Dreams by Fleetwood Mac

1980s –

Where is my Mind- Pixies

went platinum in the UK with 600,000 sales

Released in 1987, was rarely played on the BBC around the release, but gained popularity in recent years due to its use in the last scene of Fight Club.

Its peak chart position came in 2022, as it ranked 17th in the indie charts.

Not played regularly on main shows such as Radio 1 or 2 but is featured heavily on BBC shows that play rock and indie music.

Wake Me Up Before You Go Go by Wham (1984) was the most frequently played track on the BBC in the 80s

1990s –

Smells Like Teen Spirit – Nirvana

In 1991 Nirvana released their second album, Nevermind. The album was a monumental success, going number 1 in the US and UK charts. Nevermind features a more polished, radio-friendly sound than the band’s prior work.

Written primarily by frontman Kurt Cobain, the album is noted for channelling a range of emotions, being noted as dark, humorous, and disturbing. Thematically, it includes anti-establishment views, anti-sexism, frustration, alienation and troubled love inspired by Cobain’s broken relationship with Tobi Vail.

Arguably, Nirvana are the single most influential band of the 21st century after The Beatles. Nevermind re-invigorated mainstream rock, and had a massive impact on style and music in the 90s. They are considered a cornerstone of the grunge era.

Their song, Smells Like Teen Spirit, was the most-played song of 1991 on the BBC.

Nirvana are still relevant even today, as their album, Nevermind, was the 4th most frequently purchased vinyl of 2021.

Other top-played songs on the BBC in the 90s:

1992 – Creep by Radiohead

1995 – Wonderwall by Oasis

1998 – Iris by Goo Goo Dolls

2000s –

2000s = Indie takeover in mainstream music

In 2001, The Strokes released their debut ‘Is This It’. The album was a huge success, going number 1 in the UK charts, and signified a new era of Indie Rock.

The next step on that evolutionary chain was the Arctic Monkeys, who (and this is no exaggeration) took over the world in 2006, with their debut album ‘Whatever People Say I am that’s what I’m not’.

The album was voted the 5th best UK album of all time by NME, and the band who were just 17, at the time of release became national stars.

Here’s my two favourite tracks from the album…

I Bet That You Look Good on the Dancefloor – Arctic Monkeys

Mardy Bum – Arctic Monkeys

I bet that you look good on the dancefloor was the most frequently played song on the BBC in 2005.

Oher frequently played tracks by the BBC include:

2003 – Mr Brightside by The Killers

2006 – Naïve by The Kooks

2007 – Fluorescent Adolescent by Arctic Monkeys

2010 – 2022 –

Staying with the Arctic Monkeys, their rise to international success came in 2013, with AM.

Compared to their first album, AM is a very different, as they transitioned from a very raw, indie sound to a more clean, smoothly produced rock sound. AM’s bass guitar is noticeably a lot lower, and so is Alex Turner’s voice, as he croons songs. The album is also a slower pace, which appealed more to American listeners.

This song, Number one party anthem, is a great example of why this album is so successful.

Number 1 party anthem – Arctic Monkeys

touch back on BBC –

how music has changed over the years – the different audiences they are trying to appeal to.

Most played artist of the 2010s was Drake – shows how the BBC are attempting to appeal to young audiences.

finish with

Brazil – Declan McKenna

wotw and newsbeat

ThemeNewsbeatWOTW
Ownershipbbc- public broadcasting and multi media company owned by the government and trust fees board. More of an oligopoly, concentration of ownership. BBC has a slightly left- leaning ideology.cbs-private company, it is an example of concentration- some companies own everything Integration horizontal or vertical?
HabermasTransformation of the public sphere, media is constantly changing with the BBC keeping up. BBC is a non profitable company, they put money back into programs, so Quality is important. majority of private businesses aim to solely make money caring more about money then the public, they prioritize it over entertaining their audience.
Chomsky
Regulation
AUDIENCE (ACTIVE/PASSIVE)
AUDIENCE (LAZARSFELD)
AUDIENCE (HALL)
NEW TECHNOLOGY
CROSS MEDIA CONVERGENCE

Comparative Essay

Newsbeat delivers its reports and stories with a very distinct style that involves an informal tone, quick overviews, upbeat links, and audience participation yet, by utilising Stuart Hall’s reception theory, we can see that the listeners may not interpret the message in the way the producers originally intended. Hall’s encoding / decoding model of communication offers three hypothetical positions – the preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings. The preferred reading is how the media producer wants the audience to respond, for example how the Newsbeat producers want their short news stories to engage with their audience and inform them about the latest events around the world. The negotiated reading, when the audience responds by accepting and rejecting certain elements, can also be applied to Newsbeat, wherein some listeners may appreciate the fast content but then turn to other sources for the full stories behind the headlines.

Orson Welles’ preferred reading of War of the Worlds was that it was a fictional radio play to be enjoyed by the audience, its negotiated reading was that some listeners who heard the introduction knew how inappropriate and misleading the play would be considering that it was broadcast in a time shortly after the First World War and on the brink of the Second World War. The oppositional reading was supposedly from those who missed the introduction and created a “wave of mass hysteria” as they thought the play was reality.

COMPARING NEWSBEAT AND WAR OF THE WORLDS

THEMENEWSBEATWAR OF THE WORLDS
OWNERSHIP
[Institutions]
– BBC
-Owned by the UK public
-Funded through TV Licenses [paid yearly by public]
-Paternalistic approach
-1st Director= Lord Reith
-Public Company [PLC]
-CBS [Colombia Broadcasting Service]
-Owned by a multi national conglomerate [Paramount Global]
-Funded though adverts on air
-Private company [LTD]
-vertical / horizontal integration ???
HABERMAS-Transformation of the public sphere – media is constantly changing BBC keeping up.

-BBC ethos= to inform, entertain and educate.

-Cecil Lewis- “Opening up new worlds to people”

-Quality is important. They don’t make money to profit, it is put back into the BBC to make programmes

-Fits into Habermas notion of transforming the public

-Therefore the BBC is more paternalistic – what you need not what you want
-Most private business are aimed at making a profit

-They care about profit more than their audience.

-Just for profit is the commercial ethos

-Commercial broadcasting is not supported by Habermas
CHOMSKY
CURRAN-Ideas that underpin The Liberal Free Press, but much can apply to transformation of Public Sphere (Habermas) which in turn connects to ethos of PSB
-Linking to Habermas’ theory of transformation of the Public sphere

-BBC is being taken over by light daytime programmes= “peak-time tv are dominated by light entertainment
1. concerns about the commercial interest of big companies
(prioritising profits over social concerns)

2. concentration of ownership – although not monopolies, the small number of big companies is not good for

3. competition

4. Diverse range of voices (plurality)

5. audience choices

-CBS used the ‘moral panic’ as an advertising technique?

SEATONSeaton makes us aware of the power of the media in terms of big companies who own too much.
commercial Seaton also makes clear that broadcasters selling audiences to products NOT audiences to programmes (ie no adverts on BBC)
therefore BBC not chasing big exaggerated stories
Newsbeat seeking informed citizens who want knowledge

accountability – ie who looks after the BBC and makes sure it does what it is supposed to do: Annan Report 1980 “on balance the chain of accountability is adequate”
independence – ie keeping free from state control “without a commitment to public service, broadcasters are increasingly vulnerable to political interference”
Seaton talks about rise and inevitable need for competition with new technologies – which provides choice
Provides more entertainment for wider audiences ???
WoW targets mainstream entertainment seeking audiences

the allusion of Choice – “Choice, without positive direction is a myth, all too often the market will deliver more -but only more of the same”
REGULATIONlicense fee regulates BBC as well.
New technologies mean BBC faced with more competition
NO advertising!

-OFCOM
-BBC Charter
-BBC ethos- ‘educate, inform and entertain’
-The license fee regulates the BBC
Federal Communications Commission as regulator for private business ie not necessarily in the public interest
AUDIENCE (ACTIVE / PASSIVE)Newsbeat encouraging active ‘uses and gratification’ model
personal needs
escapism, entertainment, self esteem
and social needs.
information, knowledge about the world, connecting with family, friends and community
War of the worlds raises the debate around audience as passive or active (ie Lasswell, linear model of communication like a hypodermic syringe) ie without thinking or reflecting on what we are told
AUDIENCE (LAZARSFELD)-2 STEP FLOW~ Use opinion leaders such as Princess Kate and Prince William to speak up about Mental Health. Audience listen passively and will more likely believe it if it is from an opinion leader-Orsen Welles unregulated opinion leader.
-If audience seeking facts / truth about space and war they would seek opinion leaders from govt or science.
AUDIENCE (HALL)
NEW TECHNOLOGY
SPECIFIC TEXTUAL EXAMPLES-Prince William and Kate presenting a special newsbeat edition on mental health

-Kanye article
-Timestamp 39.30- radio goes silent. Maybe to create an eerie setting to scare audience?

Comparing CSP’s Table

THEMENEWSBEATWAR OF THE WORLDS
OWNERSHIPBBC, PSB, Government, BBC board of trustees ?? DG (Lord Reith), BBC multi-media / cross-media, transnational / transglobal, not a monopoly, concentration of ownership (ie small number of firms who own TV and radio even though there are lots of different stations)

I think the BBC has a left wing libertarian ideology ???
CBS, Private company, Multi or cross media Conglomerate, transnational / transglobal (??), monopoly (???), it is an example of concentration of ownership ie just a few companies own everything (oligopoly ?? / cartel ??), vertical / horizontal integration ???
HABERMASTransformation of the public sphere – media is constantly changing BBC keeping up.
BBC intention enshrined in their ethos to inform, entertain and educate.
Not to make money or profit – they put money back into programmes so Quality is important.
I think this fits into Habermas notion of transforming the public
Therefore the BBC is more paternalistic – what you need not what you want (this is tricky)
Most private business are aimed at making a profit – I think private business don’t care about the public, I think they care about profit.
so they are more concerned with entertainment than education.
Just for profit is a commercial ethos – not in the spirit of Habermas
CHOMSKY
CURRANJames Curran writes about the ideas that underpin The Liberal Free Press, but much can apply to transformation of Public Sphere (Habermas) which in turn connects to ethos of PSBsome general ideas:
1. concerns about the commercial interest of big companies
(prioritising profits over social concerns)
2. concentration of ownership – although not monopolies, the small number of big companies is not good for
3. competition
4. Diverse range of voices (plurality)
5. audience choices
SEATONSeaton makes us aware of the power of the media in terms of big companies who own too much.
commercial Seaton also makes clear that broadcasters selling audiences to products NOT audiences to programmes (ie no adverts on BBC)
therefore BBC not chasing big exaggerated stories
Newsbeat seeking informed citizens who want knowledge

accountability – ie who looks after the BBC and makes sure it does what it is supposed to do: Annan Report 1980 “on balance the chain of accountability is adequate”
independence – ie keeping free from state control “without a commitment to public service, broadcasters are increasingly vulnerable to political interference”
Seaton talks about rise and inevitable need for competition with new technologies – which provides choice
Provides more entertainment for wider audiences ???
WoW targets mainstream entertainment seeking audiences

the allusion of Choice – “Choice, without positive direction is a myth, all too often the market will deliver more -but only more of the same”
REGULATIONOfcom, BBC Charter governed by Parliament, license fee regulates BBC as well. BBC / PSB ethos ‘to entertain, to inform and to educate’ (Reith)
New technologies mean BBC faced with more competition
NO advertising!
Federal Communications Commission as regulator for private business ie not necessarily in the public interest
AUDIENCE (ACTIVE/PASSIVE)Newsbeat encouraging active ‘uses and gratification’ model
personal needs
escapism, entertainment, self esteem
and social needs.
information, knowledge about the world, connecting with family, friends and community


The hypodermic needle theory suggests a media text can have a powerful and immediate effect on the passive audience. It would seem “The War of the Worlds” production supports this argument because so many terrified listeners, for example, “rushed out of their houses” to escape the “gas raid”.4
LAZARFELD2 step flow / opinion leaders how we gravitate to people who share the same ideas as ourselves. So the BBC is an unbiased, informed opinion leader (ie BBC Charter focus on impartiality, accurate, true)
HALL
NEW TECHNOLOGY
CROSS MEDIA
SPECIFIC TEXTUAL EXAMPESPrince William and Kate presenting a special newsbeat edition on mental health
Kanye article
Federal Communications Commission as regulator for private business ie not necessarily in the public interest
GERBNERThe cultivation theory can also explain some of the hysteria. Gerbner’s research suggested heavy users of television become more susceptible to its messages, especially if the texts resonate with the viewer. One army veteran said the radio play “was too realistic for comfort” while another New York resident was “convinced it was the McCoy” when the “names and titles” of different officials, such as the Secretary of the Interior, were mentioned in the script.6 Perhaps it was this group of listeners who believed the broadcast was an accurate report of events that night because they were already familiar with the special bulletin format, which were known then as break-ins, and assumed the war in Europe had intensified.

Comparison between ‘Newsbeat’ and ‘War of the Worlds’

ThemeNewsbeatWar of the Worlds
OwnershipBBC, PSB, Government, BBC board of trustees ?? DG (Lord Reith), BBC multi-media / cross-media, transnational / transglobal, not a monopoly, concentration of ownership (ie small number of firms who own TV and radio even though there are lots of different stations)

I think the BBC has a left wing libertarian ideology ???
CBS, Private company, Multi or cross media Conglomerate, transnational / transglobal (??), monopoly (???), it is an example of concentration of ownership ie just a few companies own everything (oligopoly ?? / cartel ??), vertical / horizontal integration ???
HabermasTransformation of the public sphere – media is constantly changing BBC keeping up.
BBC intention enshrined in their ethos to inform, entertain and educate.
Not to make money or profit – they put money back into programmes so Quality is important.
I think this fits into Habermas notion of transforming the public
Therefore the BBC is more paternalistic – what you need not what you want (this is tricky)
Most private business are aimed at making a profit – I think private business don’t care about the public, I think they care about profit.
so they are more concerned with entertainment than education.
Just for profit is a commercial ethos – not in the spirit of Habermas
CurranJames Curran writes about the ideas that underpin The Liberal Free Press, but much can apply to transformation of Public Sphere (Habermas) which in turn connects to ethos of PSBsome general ideas:
1. concerns about the commercial interest of big companies
(prioritising profits over social concerns)
2. concentration of ownership – although not monopolies, the small number of big companies is not good for
3. competition
4. Diverse range of voices (plurality)
5. audience choices
SeatonSeaton makes us aware of the power of the media in terms of big companies who own too much.
commercial Seaton also makes clear that broadcasters selling audiences to products NOT audiences to programmes (ie no adverts on BBC)
therefore BBC not chasing big exaggerated stories
Newsbeat seeking informed citizens who want knowledge

accountability – ie who looks after the BBC and makes sure it does what it is supposed to do: Annan Report 1980 “on balance the chain of accountability is adequate”
independence – ie keeping free from state control “without a commitment to public service, broadcasters are increasingly vulnerable to political interference”
Seaton talks about rise and inevitable need for competition with new technologies – which provides choice
Provides more entertainment for wider audiences ???
WoW targets mainstream entertainment seeking audiences

the allusion of Choice – “Choice, without positive direction is a myth, all too often the market will deliver more -but only more of the same”
RegulationOfcom, BBC Charter governed by Parliament, license fee regulates BBC as well. BBC / PSB ethos ‘to entertain, to inform and to educate’ (Reith)
New technologies mean BBC faced with more competition
NO advertising!
Federal Communications Commission as regulator for private business ie not necessarily in the public interest
Chomsky
Audience (Lazerfield)2 step flow / opinion leaders how we gravitate to people who share the same ideas as ourselves. So the BBC is an unbiased, informed opinion leader (ie BBC Charter focus on impartiality, accurate, true)Orsen Welles unregulated opinion leader. If audience seeking facts / truth about space and war they would seek opinion leaders from govt or science.
Audience (Hall)Preferred reading, young people will favour Newsbeat over alternatives as it is targeted more towards them.Stuart Hall theorised how audiences decode messages, by accepting, negotiating or rejecting the sent message. This can be seen with ‘War of the Worlds’ as the people that listened to it decoded it and accepted it as being real, then ran outside of their houses in panic.
Audience (Active/Passive)Newsbeat encouraging active ‘uses and gratification’ model
personal needs
escapism, entertainment, self esteem
and social needs.
information, knowledge about the world, connecting with family, friends and community
War of the worlds raises the debate around audience as passive or active (ie Lasswell, linear model of communication like a hypodermic syringe) ie without thinking or reflecting on what we are told
New Technology
Specific Textual ExamplesPrince William and Kate presenting a special newsbeat edition on mental health
Kanye article
Blurred codes of drama and news. Programme starts with title music, announcer introduction ‘Mercury Theatre Company presents . . . ‘ followed by Orson Welles prologue to War of the Worlds .. .

Comparitive table

THEMENEWSBEATWAR OF THE WORLDS
OWNERSHIPBBC, PSB, Government, BBC board of trustees ?? DG (Lord Reith), BBC multi-media / cross-media, transnational / transglobal, not a monopoly, concentration of ownership (ie small number of firms who own TV and radio even though there are lots of different stations)

I think the BBC has a left wing libertarian ideology ???
CBS, Private company, Multi or cross media Conglomerate, transnational / transglobal (??), monopoly (???), it is an example of concentration of ownership ie just a few companies own everything (oligopoly ?? / cartel ??), vertical / horizontal integration ???
HABERMASTransformation of the public sphere – media is constantly changing BBC keeping up.
BBC intention enshrined in their ethos to inform, entertain and educate.
Not to make money or profit – they put money back into programmes so Quality is important.
I think this fits into Habermas notion of transforming the public
Therefore the BBC is more paternalistic – what you need not what you want (this is tricky)
Most private business are aimed at making a profit – I think private business don’t care about the public, I think they care about profit.
so they are more concerned with entertainment than education.
Just for profit is a commercial ethos – not in the spirit of Habermas
CHOMSKY
CURRANJames Curran writes about the ideas that underpin The Liberal Free Press, but much can apply to transformation of Public Sphere (Habermas) which in turn connects to ethos of PSBsome general ideas:
1. concerns about the commercial interest of big companies
(prioritising profits over social concerns)
2. concentration of ownership – although not monopolies, the small number of big companies is not good for
3. competition
4. Diverse range of voices (plurality)
5. audience choices
SEATONSeaton makes us aware of the power of the media in terms of big companies who own too much.
commercial Seaton also makes clear that broadcasters selling audiences to products NOT audiences to programmes (ie no adverts on BBC)
therefore BBC not chasing big exaggerated stories
Newsbeat seeking informed citizens who want knowledge

accountability – ie who looks after the BBC and makes sure it does what it is supposed to do: Annan Report 1980 “on balance the chain of accountability is adequate”
independence – ie keeping free from state control “without a commitment to public service, broadcasters are increasingly vulnerable to political interference”
Seaton talks about rise and inevitable need for competition with new technologies – which provides choice
Provides more entertainment for wider audiences ???
WoW targets mainstream entertainment seeking audiences

the allusion of Choice – “Choice, without positive direction is a myth, all too often the market will deliver more -but only more of the same”
REGULATIONOfcom, BBC Charter governed by Parliament, license fee regulates BBC as well. BBC / PSB ethos ‘to entertain, to inform and to educate’ (Reith)
New technologies mean BBC faced with more competition
NO advertising!
Federal Communications Commission as regulator for private business ie not necessarily in the public interest
AUDIENCE (ACTIVE / PASSIVE)The audience for the BBC are more active and are encouraged to engage with the speakers on the radio shows. The audience often respond to media and are able to question the message sent by the hosts.The audience for the War of the Worlds radio show is passive and are accepting of what the radio hosts say without engaging within topics and stories told to them. However, the audience were somewhat active as many had strong opinions about CBS ‘tricking’ their audience.
AUDIENCE (LAZARSFELD)
AUDIENCE (HALL)
NEW TECHNOLOGY
SPECIFIC TEXTUAL EXAMLESPrince William and Kate presenting a special newsbeat edition on mental health
Kanye article
blurred codes of drama and news. Programme starts with title music, announcer introduction ‘Mercury Theatre Company presents . . . ‘ followed by Orson Welles prologue to War of the Worlds .. .
?
?

Comparative table

ThemeNewsbeatWar of the Worlds
Ownership
HABERMASBBC helped transformed the public sphere by changing the notions of time and place.
hypothecated tax used to put money back into productions, implies BBC, a PSB is following the ethos rather than seeking a profit.
CBS, a private business is seen to look for a profit. they are more concerned about entertainment rather than education. Exhibits populism?
SEATONSeaton said “Mrs Thatcher and her supporters are in favour of de-regulation, competition and choice” Thatcher strived for populism rather than paternalism, this conflicted the ethos of the BBC. Seaton then talks about the rise of competition and choice
Audience (Active/Passive)Active. Postmodernism. Young audience- naive.
News- a trusted source
Passive- pre modernism. hypo needle

csp revision

ThemeNewsbeatWar of the Worlds
OwnershipOwned by the BBC, the BBC is owned and payed for the by the public.
Payed through TV licenses
BBC Charter: Educate, Inform, Entertain
Owned by CBS, CBS is payed for by Paramount global.
Privately owned, available to everyone.
RegulationRegulated by Ofcom which receives it regulation rules through the UK gov. Also regulates off of the BBC’s Charter.CBS is regulated by the The Federal Communications Commission (US FCC)
HabermasTransformation of the public sphere, the BBC (when making money) re-invests it into BBC to make it better, adapt it and sticks to their charter tighter.Sticks to making a profit rather than bettering itself. Does not transform the public sphere, the polar opposite of the BBC.
Chomsky
AudienceActive consumption, choosing to listen in and create opinions and thoughts based on the stories which are on the media/radio from newsbeat.Passive consumption, taking in what war of the worlds is saying and just believing it.
Lazarfeldtwo-step flow of mass communication – gravitate to people who share the same interests
 The book explains that people’s reactions to media messages are mediated by interpersonal communication with members of their social environment.
not everyone who was terrorised by the radio play was actually listening to the broadcast. They heard the rumours from people they trusted in their social circle.
audience (active/passive)uses and gratifications Audiences are more active, they are not just given programmes that they want but are given what they need (Paternalism)Audiences are more passive, they are only shown the programmes that they want to allow in order for CBS to make a profit.
Stuart HallHall’s encoding / decoding model of communication offers three hypothetical positions – the dominant, oppositional, and negotiated readings. In terms of Stuart Hall’s reception theory and his encoding / decoding model of communication, this is the audience’s framework of knowledge.
New TechnologyNewsbeat is on social media, internet radio and apps.
Cross media creationNewsbeat is on social media, internet radio and apps. Can be read and understood on different platforms for the younger audiences to access it anywhere and whenever they want.
Curran“profit-driven motives take precedence over creativity” CBS creating the idea of a a massive panic to create a huge amount of money over the idea of making a good entertainment.
SeatonPOWER AND MEDIA: patterns of ownership and control are the most significant factors in how the media operate.
Controls how they want to target audiences that are informed and want to learn.
Seaton says “Sells audiences to advertisers not products to audiences” which the BBC doesn’t do, they do this by sticking to their “educate” ethos and making stories to educate.
Provides to audiences the idea of entertainment without sticking to any sort of ethos or education. Only entertainment and selling a big story which we don’t know is true (I.E people running out of their homes in fear of the story that they are hearing.

PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING – RADIO CSP’S (AND TELEVISION RE-CAP)

ThemeNewsbeatWar of the wrlds
AUDIENCE (ACTIVE / PASSIVE)Newsbeat has adapted to the younger generations short attention span who need their news in short digestible chunks instead of being complex and requiring thought however Audiences are more active, they are not just given programmes that they want but are given what they need (Paternalism) as a result of not being arsed to look furtherThe broadcast of wotw + the reaction raises debate and evidence regarding lazarsfield’s theory about passive audiences
AUDIENCE (LAZARSFELD)
(active/passive)
Theory on people being drawn to those with similar opinions, BBC is essentially an opinion leader
AUDIENCE (HALL)The Newsbeat producers hope their short-form news stories will engage their audience and keep them up to date about the latest events around the world. This is the preferred reading. Some listeners might appreciate the snackable content but will be then turn to other sources for the stories behind the headlines. This could be considered a negotiated reading. Other listeners will simply reject the encoded message and construct their own meanings. Perhaps the news stories are irrelevant to their own situations. They might even tune into another station if they just want to hear music.the anticipated reading was it was fictional, rejected reading was that it was really happening

  • Press/newspapers negatively reporting on TWOTW, as radio was still a new media form