Katz theory of uses and gratification:

-escapism.

-education: about media production and real life industries.

-good acting.

-good script.

-good plot twists and narratives.

-Character development.

-explores content such as affairs/ real life issues.

-Good hybrid genre: social realism.

Broadcasting: Presenting something to a wider larger audience, common interest.

Narrowcasting: Presenting something to a lesser audience- specific interest.

Ethos of the bbc: to inform entertain and educate

Populism : What the audience want: good- freedom, bad- not all want the same, moral code and regulation

Paternalism: What the government want.

The main thing is to have a balance of the two ideologies , with having freedom to do what you want however with a few rules and regulations to help focus or protect younger or more venerable audiences that can come across something unregulated.

BBC ethos: to educate, inform and entertain. – lord Reith

bbc charter- signed each year

TV transformed time and space, Grace Windom Godley explained that she went into tv after her newspaper manager expressed not to as new technology was seen to the public as not to be useful in her or his lifetime. More so the fear of new technology risked the success of new technology.

Contact with anything outside of their villages would have been negligible, therefore tv transformed this and she expressed you can see things from a distance, transformation of the public sphere link (Habermas)

The BBC later on became so important it was considered social cement as it connected everyone together and spread things around the world.

JEAN SEATEN:

Full independence through broadcasting has never been reached as it is two powerful to display over broadcasting, they can negotiate a political discussion without having a bias to a side.

Broadcasters have come to see the state as their enemy yet depend on the state for legitimation. They are being kept running by the state yet can not express their independence via broadcasting as they will be flacked (Chomsky link) and need to keep a “foreground bias” which has ultimately been skewed.

Air waves were a scarce resource that didn’t obey national boundaries therefore the state had a right to have some power of what was presented through them and regulate to their political viewpoint.