• Free: The act of being ones self with the rights of free will, speech and actions, without being forced to obey ones commands. ‘Able to act or be done as one wishes; not under the control of another.’
• Slave: A person that has been forced out of their own freedom rights to contribute to ones rules and commands, through the ownership of a person. ‘A person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them.’
• Authoritarian: The strict rules and laws put into force by those of hierarchy and power to eliminate personal freedom of those with less freedom of speech. ‘Favouring or enforcing strict obedience to authority at the expense of personal freedom.’
• Libertarian: The act of being free from controlled ownership such as the government, and be able to choice what one would like to. ‘Libertarians seek to maximise autonomy and political freedom, and minimise the state’s violation of individual liberties; emphasising free association, freedom of choice, individualism and voluntary association.’
• Hedonism: The theory that pleasure and pain give us the motivation to act towards something. Binary opposition , if you have pleasure, you have pain. ‘Hedonism‘ comes from the ancient Greek for ‘pleasure’. Psychological or motivational hedonism claims that only pleasure or pain motivates us. Ethical or evaluative hedonism claims that only pleasure has worth or value and only pain or displeasure has disvalue or the opposite of worth.’
• Permissive Society: A society in which some social norms become increasingly liberal, especially with regard to sexual freedom. This usually accompanies a change in what is considered deviant. This was a society within the rise of the teenager.

The Frankfurt School

• The founders of the theory of pleasure and happiness being turned into objects and the sense that happiness does not come from being rich and famous. Happiness comes from how you see yourself / within.
• The scholars theorized that this experience made people intellectually inactive and politically passive.
• The idea that the public need to be wary of the media and the message the media gives out. This can cause us to become confused, trapped and intimidated.

Key Questions:	Focus	Specifics
Why regulate the media?	– Truth – Child Protection (Of the vulnerable) – Political Bias – Privacy (Slander / Reputation damage / Libel / Defamation – Human Morals and Ethics – Relative / Subjective (Good behaviour) – Specific or particular political opinions – Ownership (avoid monopolies / increase choice / diversity) – Health and safety	– Depp vs Heard – Rooney vs Vardy – Elon Musk purchasing Twitter – Activision case of sexual assault
Who regulates what (media)?	– Government – Specialist bodies (Ofcom – broadcasting) – Key Individuals (Celebrities and influencers) – Internal Companies/structural regulations (Code of ethics/practice/Self regulation) – BBDC (Cinema) – PEGI (Games) – PRS (Music) – IPSO (Newspapers & Magazines) – ITU (Radio)	– ‘R’ for radio friendly – ‘E’ for explicit content – Vevo
How will regulation be put in place?	– Rating System – Copyright	– Instagram – PEGI Rating
What gets regulated?	– Newspapers – Films – Video Games – Radio – Television (TV) – Music – Animations – The News – Books – Magazines – Internet	– Pixar – Marvel – The Sun – Google – Safari

Key Question	Focus	Specifics
Why Regulate?	– protection for younger viewers -morals, ethics, relative / subjective ‘good’ behaviour -criminal activity -health and safety -good working practices (eg equal pay, job security etc) -Ownership (to avoid monopolies, increase choice, diversity, competition) -privacy -libel / slander / defamation of character/ reputational damage	-Rooney v Vardy -Depp v Heard (trial has ruined both reputations) – Elon Musk trying to buy twitter -Life of Brian was banned in Jersey -China banning social media outside the borders – activision court case
What gets regulated?	-Film -Advertising -Television -Music -Video Games -Internet -Books -Newspapers -Radio -The News -Magazines -Cartoons / animations
Who regulates what?	-Government (overall ?) -BBFC (cinema) -Ofcom (broadcasting) -IPSO (newspapers) -MCPS (music) -PRS (music) -PEGI (games) -Individuals (?) -Groups (?) -Bodies (?) -Ofcom (radio)
How will regulation be put in place?	-copyright -rating system

Authoritarianism: the enforcement or advocacy of strict obedience to authority at the expense of personal freedom

Libertarianism: Libertarians seek to maximize autonomy and political freedom, and minimize the state’s violation of individual liberties; emphasizing free association, freedom of choice, individualism and voluntary association.

Hedonism: The word ‘hedonism’ comes from the ancient Greek for ‘pleasure’. Psychological or motivational hedonism claims that only pleasure or pain motivates us. Easier too have modest hedonistic opinions to make them more achievable.

Epicurus (Greek God) makes us question what pleasure and pain is. He did an experiment about what people need to make them happy. He talks about mindfulness and how we do not need money and luxury and materialistic things to be happy.

The Frankfurt School

They say that pleasure gets commodified into popular culture and is inauthentic and false. Rich people sell the idea to vulnerable people of needing certain things that will make them happy because they will be closer to being rich or under the illusion they will become famous and being closer to being happy but instead that’s what is used to manipulate them. Money can’t buy happiness. Popular culture makes people intellectually inactive and politically passive. Need to be weary of popular culture as it can be used to distract us from what we really need or what’s actually going on.

Permissive Society in 1960s: Revolution of social attitudes and behaviour making it a permissive society. Things like abortion and the pill were allowed. Music, drugs, sex, rock n ‘ roll by teenagers. Glamourizing lifestyles of hippies.