ghost town reading

Chicago’s alternative nonprofit newsroom

Stephen Rodrick

The main irony of the Specials’ songs, and in fact of the entire ska movement, was that lurking just beneath the “happy,” infectious dance beat were often chilling stories of the racial divisiveness and economic deprivation that characterized the dawning of the Thatcher era.

Unfortunately, the reign of the Specials as ska kings was short. Their second studio album, More Specials, was released late in 1980 amid rumors of internal strife, which the record confirms, lacking the joy and intensity of their debut.

“Ghost Town” marked the end of the Specials

the Specials had participated in the Rock Against Racism movement in England of 1981 at Dammers’s urging

The gardian

Neil Spencer

by contrast, British reggae remains half-forgotten and little praised, represented mainly by the Specials’ “Ghost Town” as the default tune for any retrospective on the bleak, Thatcherite early 80s.

A key element of that story was police use of the hated “sus” laws, which allowed people to be picked up on “suspicion” of committing a crime, while hostility to the police was stoked by the deployment of phalanxes of cops to protect National Front marches through black areas.

curran & seaton

Cultural industries are different to other industries as they’re organised around money and other industries are creative industries where as the cultural industry is not.

3 different types of ownership.

  • Capitalist Media – Corporations – make money by selling ads
  • Public Service Media – State Controlled – make money by government paying.
  • Civil Society Media – Citizen Controlled

genre

Genre may be considered a practical device, as of which helps produce consistently and efficiently and to relate its production to the expectations of its customers. It helps individual users plan their choices and can be considered as a mechanism for ordering the relations between the two main parties to mass communication.

In that media texts hold similar patterns, codes and conventions that are both PREDICTABLE and EXPECTED, but are also INNOVATIVE and UNEXPECTED. 

Basically if its too similar its boring, if its completely different its unexpected. There needs to be the perfect predictability and difference.

. . . saddled with conventions and stereotypes, formulas and
clichés and all of these limitations were codified in specific genres. This was the very foundation of the studio system and audiences love genre pictures

. . .Scorcese, A personal Journey through American Cinema (1995)

this means that the different stereotypes of genres are only to minimalize the category but the deeper you think about genre the more confusing it becomes as more genres can be discovered.

predictable expectations –  a conscious decision that something will happen you expect it to happen.

reinforced– to strengthen or support

amplify– enlarge upon

repertoire of elements-  key elements of a film that are consistently repeated throughout a genre. Each genre has its own repertoire of elements which defines it as that genre.

verisimilitude – very similar

 construction of reality.

 historically specific

sub-genres,

 hybrid genres

Levi – strauss

Levi-Strauss suggests that narratives (=myths) are structured around binary oppositions eg: good v evil; human v alien; young v old etc etc.

Therefore creating a dominant message of a film as it suggests a structure to each film. Everything created within a film is structured, dialogue actions and plat is all structured for the liking of the audience.