Todorov’s theory:

equilibrium- one (first) of the stages in the theory of narrative structure of Todorov’s theory. it is explained about the condition that happens with a character. its the beginning of the film and the characters life is normal

disruption- this is the second stage of his theory, where the characters life is about to change/ have a interference

new equilibrium- the final stage of Todorov’s theory where a characters life goes back to normal and is the end of the film.

He recognises that the stories are always linear

his theory can be manipulated into multiple equilibrium meaning that media companies try and produce what’s known as a roller-coaster affect to give the viewers calmness but also exitment.

Vladimir Propp:

he believed that stories were constructed with 8 different stock characters such as the:

hero- 2 types of hero’s. the seeker-hero who usually relies more heavily on the donor to perform their quest, and the victim-hero who needs to overcome a weakness to complete their quest.

helper- a typically magical entity that comes to aid the hero in their quest

princess- the hero desires her throughout the story and she is seen as a prize for the hero

villain- an evil character that creates a struggle for the hero.

victim- a character who is in the middle of a quest/fight. and is aught in the crossfire.

dispatcher- sends the hero on his quest at the start of the story.

father- the person who typically doesn’t allow the hero to marry the princess/ daughter as he needs to show his worth by completing the quest.

false hero- a figure who takes credit for the hero’s actions and tries to marry the princess.

Propp was a soviet folklorist and scholar who analysed the basic structural elements of Russian folk tales to identify their simplest irreducible structural units.

Propp published a book in 1929 called ‘Morphology of the Folktale’.

He also suggests that stores do not necessarily require all character types as well as organising narrative structures into a combination of 31 defined plot moments, that he called ‘narratemes’, also referred to the starting points of a story.