Genre

The genre may be considered as a practical device for helping any mass medium to produce consistently and efficiently and to relate its production to the expectations of its customers. Since it is also a practical device for enabling individual media users to plan their choices, it can be considered as a mechanism for ordering the relations between the two main parties to mass communication. – Dennis McQuail

Action a film genre in which the protagonist is thrust into a series of events that typically involve violence and physical feats

A major Die Hard plot hole was just explained... 29 years later
Die Hard (John McTiernan, 1988)

Adventure – a film genre that contains an exciting story, with new experiences and exotic locations

The Mummy (1999) - IMDb
The Mummy (Stephen Sommers, 1999)

Animation – a genre that utilises the method of photographing successive drawings, models, or even puppets, to create an illusion of movement in a sequence

The Incredibles | Full Movie | Movies Anywhere
The Incredibles (Brad Bird, 2004)

Comedy – a genre that uses humour to situations and characters, to appeal to audiences

School of Rock' scene goes viral for its message of body positivity
School Of Rock (Richard Linklater, 2003)

Crime – a genre that fictionalises crimes, their detection, criminals, and their motives.

Scarface: Where Tony Montana Went Wrong | Den of Geek
Scarface (Brian De Palma, 1983)

Documentary – a non-fictional motion-picture intended to “document reality, primarily for the purposes of instruction, education, or maintaining a historical record”

Summer Of Soul (…Or, When The Revolution Could Not Be Televised)': Sundance  Review | Reviews | Screen
Summer Of Soul (Questlove, 2021)

Drama – a genre intended to be more serious than humourous in tone

The Social Network' 10 Years Later: A Grim Online Life Foretold - The New  York Times
The Social Network (David Fincher, 2010)

Fantasy – a genre involving magical elements, typically set in a fictional universe and sometimes inspired by mythology and folklore

The Lord of the Rings: the Two Towers - Aragorn (Viggo Mortensen) screaming  during Helm's Deep battle | Iconic movies, Movies, Improvisation
The Lord Of The Rings: The Two Towers (Peter Jackson, 2002)

Historical – a genre showing past events or set within a historical period

Hidden Racism | Sojourners
Hidden Figures (Theodore Melfi, 2016)

Horror –  a genre that seeks to elicit fear or disgust in its audience for entertainment purposes

Another Scream movie is on the way
Scream (Wes Craven, 1996)

Musical – a genre in which songs by the characters are interwoven into the narrative, usually accompanied by singing and dancing

Tick, Tick... Boom! review: Lin-Manuel Miranda salutes his hero Jonathan  Larson - Polygon
tick, tick…BOOM! (Lin-Manuel Miranda, 2021)

Mystery – a genre that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime

Zodiac And 10 Other Suspenseful Movies On Netflix Right Now | Cinemablend
Zodiac (David Fincher, 2007)

Romance – a genre that focuses on passion, emotion, and the affectionate romantic involvement of the main characters

The Best Part of the Crazy Rich Asians Fashion Is the Revival of the  Getting-Dressed Montage | Glamour
Crazy Rich Asians (Jon M. Chu, 2018)

Science Fiction – a genre which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life

Independence Day (1996) | Radio Times
Independence Day (Roland Emmerich, 1996)

Sports – a genre in which a sport, sporting event, athlete, or follower of sport are prominently featured

Inside the 'I, Tonya' movie magic that made Margot Robbie an Olympic figure  skater - ABC7 Chicago
I, Tonya (Craig Gillespie, 2017)

Thriller – a genre designed to hold the interest of the audience by the use of a high degree of intrigue, adventure, or suspense

Shutter Island Review | Movie - Empire
Shutter Island (Martin Scorsese, 2010)

Western – a genre set primarily in the latter half of the 19th Century and the early 20th Century in the Western United States, in the style of the ‘Wild West’

The Hateful Eight (2015)
The Hateful Eight (Quentin Tarantino, 2015)

Film/Series Synopsis

A girl discovers her brother has been murdered in the street and tries to hunt down his killer. Categorized as a mystery/thriller, the film/series will be in an unchronological sequence with flashbacks to before her brother died.

For my film/series, I will create two different posters. These will give the potential audience an idea of what they would see if they watch it. For this, I am going to create one with mysterious elements, such as a silhouette of a looming figure, and another with hints towards the plot, such as a picture of the girl’s brother covered in blood.

Paul Gilroy – Post cOLONIAL THEORY

Brought race into the societal divide and changes in the 1980s through his book ‘There Ain’t No Black in the Union Jack’ ; he highlighted how black youth cultures represented cultural solutions to collectively experienced problems of racism and poverty

Racial Otherness

  • His book highlights the anxieties of regarding immigrant behaviour in the post war period.
  • He suggests the that the public’s association of the immigrants which the living conditions produced a series of racial representations.
  • `Media Stories began associating the black community with assaults, muggings, and violence during the 1980s and 70s
  • Such representations stigmatised the immigrant black community – constructing them as a racial ‘other’ in the predominantly white world of 1950s Britain

Legacy of the British Empire and Identity

We live inmorbid culture of a once-imperial nation that has not been able to accept its inevitable loss of prestige’ – After Empire, 2004 – Gilroy

  • Gilroy argues that the British are undergoing a national identity crisis as a result of the fall of the British Empire
  • The immigrant population has become a symbol that constantly reminds the UK of its loss of global power – they are a visual representation of what Britain once was and once had

Genre

Genre is area of media language

how media texts are classified, organised and understood, essentially around SIMILARITIES and DIFFERENCE. In that media texts hold similar patterns, codes and conventions that are both PREDICTABLE and EXPECTED, but are also INNOVATIVE and UNEXPECTED.

Genre as ‘Textual Analysis’

Ed Buscombe notes that the ‘kind’ or ‘type’ of film is usually recognised “and largely determined by the nature of its conventions”. You can use genre to predict particular elements around: characterssettinglightingdialoguemusicsoundsmise-en-scene etc. Then should be able to elicit key characteristics (codes and conventions).

Notion of CREATIVITY. The way in which new ideas (creativity) emerge from the predictable and expected. 

SUB-GENRE film (a genre within a genre) or a HYBRID GENRE (a combination of two genres).

 “genre is a system of codes, conventions and visual styles which enables an audience to determine rapidly and with some complexity the kind of narrative they are viewing” -Turner

“saddled with conventions and stereotypes, formulas and clichés and all of these limitations were codified in specific genres. This was the very foundation of the studio system and audiences love genre pictures“

GENRE KEY WORDS

  • Predictable expectations: Viewers and consumers can predict the way the story will go.
  • Reinforced: Strengthen.
  • Amplify: Enlarge upon or add detail to (a story or statement).
  • Repertoire of events: Repeated events.
  • Corpus: a collection of written texts, especially the entire works of a particular author or a body of writing on a particular subject.
  • Verisimilitude: the appearance of being true or real.
  • Realism: the attitude or practice of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it accordingly.
  • Construction of Reality:
  • Historically Specific: The media correctly represents what happened in the past.
  • Sub-Genres: a genre that is part of a larger genre
  • Hybrid Genres: A hybrid genre is a genre that blends themes and elements from two or more different genres
  • Different: Not the same as another or each other; unlike in nature, form, or quality.
  • Familiar: well known from long or close association.

key words

Reinforced – to strengthen by additional material or support

Amplify – enlarge upon or add detail to (a story or statement)

Repertoire of elements –  is essentially features of a film that are repeated within a genre

Corpus – a collection of written texts, especially the entire works of a particular author or a body of writing on a particular subject

Verisimilitude – the appearance of being true or real

Realism – the quality or fact of representing a person or thing in a way that is accurate and true to life

Sub-genres – a genre that is part of a larger genre

Hybrid genres –  is a genre that blends themes and elements from two or more different genres

Familiar – well known from long or close association

GENRE PT:2

Steve Neale: “Genre is a repetition of differences and similarities to create different stories”

He argues that definitions and formations of genres are developed by media organisations. Furthermore it is seen that genres can change massively overtime, for example in 2002 Spider-man was released, which showed characters with super-human abilities to defeat villains with an opposing power, the films were seen to be comic like and colourful, whereas films from the exact same company like x-men were darker and more rough. But fast forward 20 years, action films are seen to have a lot more aspects of comedy and adventure in them to intrigue the viewers and keep the genre fresh and interesting.

This goes with Neales idea that genre keeps changing as society and humanity changes as well, film genre’s represent what is going on in the current moment in history, that could be opinions, events, politics, anything.

genre

Genre is based around similarities and differences.

Genre is a way of thinking about media production (INSTITUTIONS) and media reception (AUDIENCES)

Texts hold similar patterns, codes and conventions that are both PREDICTABLE and EXPECTED, but are also INNOVATIVE and UNEXPECTED.

Genres can have sub-genres as well as hybrid genres (a combination of 2 genres)

It could be said that “genre is a system of codes, conventions and visual styles which enables an audience to determine rapidly and with some complexity the kind of narrative they are viewing” (Turner p.97 Film as Social Practice)

Steve Neale

predictable expectations- Something that can be guessed about a specific thing

reinforced

amplify 

repertoire of elements

corpus 

verisimilitude– the appearance of being true or real.

realism 

construction of reality.

 historically specific 

hybrid genres/sub genres

Genre

Genre is when music or films are made up into diffrent

Genre is essentially around similarities and differences and should be predictable and expected and also unpredictable and unexpected

Genre is very important for companies who make it and for the people who consume it.

. . . saddled with conventions and stereotypes, formulas and clichés and all of these limitations were codified in specific genres. This was the very foundation of the studio system and audiences love genre pictures . . .”

genre

Genre: a style or category of art, music, or literature.

Genre is about being predictable yet unpredictable, it will follow general ideas and trends, this being the genre, but needing to be innovative and different as well.

Genre is important for both those who consume it (Audience) and those who make it (Institution).

(Genre creates an expected trend for the consumer which makes it significant for the creation on consumption of it)

The genre may be considered as a practical device for helping any mass medium to produce consistently and efficiently and to relate its production to the expectations of its customers. Since it is also a practical device for enabling individual media users to plan their choices, it can be considered as a mechanism for ordering the relations between the two main parties to mass communication.Dennis McQuail 1987, p. 200

. . . saddled with conventions and stereotypes, formulas and
clichés and all of these limitations were codified in specific genres. This was the very foundation of the studio system and audiences love genre pictures 
. . .Scorsese, A personal Journey through American Cinema (1995)