Daily Archives: January 21, 2022

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notes

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Peripeteia– a sudden reversal of fortune or change in circumstances, especially in reference to fictional narrative.

Anagnoresis– the point in a play, novel or movie in which a principal character recognizes or discovers another character’s true identity or the true nature of their own circumstances.

Catharsis– the process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.

Linear– progressing from one stage to another in a single series of steps

Chronological– (of a record of events) following the order in which they occurred

Sequential– forming or following in a logical order or sequence.

Circular structure– In a circular narrative, the story ends where it began. Although the starting and ending points are the same, the character undergo a transformation, affected by the story’s events

Time based– any artwork that has both physical and temporal dimensions. Contemporary artworks that include video, film, slide, audio, or computer-based technologies are referred to as time-based media works because they have duration as a dimension and unfold to the viewer over time

Narrative arc- literary term for the path a story follows. It provides a backbone by providing a clear beginning, middle, and end of the story \/

The Narrative Arc - Campfire

Freytag’s Pyramid /\- Devised by 19th century German playwright Gustav Freytag, Freytag’s Pyramid is a paradigm of dramatic structure outlining the seven key steps in successful storytelling: exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, and denouement

Exposition– a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory

Rising action- starts right after the period of exposition and ends at the climax

Synopsis- a brief summary or general survey of something/an outline of the plot of a play, film, or book.

Condensed Equilibrium- Propelling narratives towards moments of immediate disruption to hook audience engagement

Metanarratives- Provide the audience with moments that draw attention to the fact that they are watching a story.

Todorov– most stories can be broken down into a BEGINNING / MIDDLE / END. Structuralist theorist Todorov presents this idea as Equilibrium, Disruption, New Equilibrium

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vladimir Propp

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  • Propp has the idea that most story includes the same ~8 characters, these are:
  • He came to this conclusion after analysing hundreds of Russian folk stories
  • Equilibrium– Story constructs a stable world/ outsets narrative. Key characters shown
  • Disruption-oppositional forces, destabilise stories equilibrium
  • New equilibrium-disruption is repaired and stability is restored
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Vladimir Propp

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Stories use STOCK CHARACTERS to structure stories

Suggests that all stories draw on familiar characters performing similar functions to provide familiar narrative structures.

The way in which CHARACTERS FUNCTION TO PROVIDE NARRATIVE STRUCTURE:

  1. Hero
  2. Helper
  3. Princess
  4. Villain
  5. Victim
  6. Dispatcher
  7. Father
  8. False Hero

‘These are not separate characters, since one character can occupy a number of roles or ‘spheres of action’ as Propp calls them and one role may be played by a number of different characters’

Stock character’s roles can be organised into

  1. PREPARATION
  2. COMPLICATION
  3. TRANSFERENCE
  4. STRUGGLE
  5. RETURN
  6. RECOGNITION
Uncategorized

vladmir propp

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stories use STOCK CHARACTERS to structure stories

Suggest that all stories draw on familiar characters performing similar functions to provide familiar narrative structures.

the way in which CHARACTERS FUNCTION TO PROVIDE NARRATIVE STRUCTURE:

  1. Hero
  2. Helper
  3. Princess
  4. Villain
  5. Victim
  6. Dispatcher
  7. Father
  8. False Hero

What is Vladimir Propp’s theory?

Vladimir Propp was a folklorist researcher interested in the relationship between characters and narrative . Propp argued that stories are character driven and that plots develop from the decisions and actions of characters and how they function in a story.

he said they are not all used though most are organised around the interplay of the hero villain and princess archetypes

Uncategorized

narritive structure

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TZTEVAN TODOROV

Stories have a beginning, middle and end or as Todorov describes; equilibrium, disruption, new equilibrium

  • equilibrium, disruption, new equilibrium
  • the conflict that disrupts this initial equilibrium– hero tries to find a solution, main part of the story
  • the way / ways in which the disruption looks to find new equilibrium
  • the denouement and/or resolution that brings about a new equilibrium
  • In his theory, Todorov mentioned that there are 5 stages that a character will go through; those are Equilibrium, Disruption, Recognition Repair the Damage and Equilibrium Again.
  • He highlights the importance of character transformation within a story.

 Links with Freytag’s Pyramid– exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, and denouement

Vladimir Propp (Character Types and Function)

Vladimir Propp is a good starting point for thinking about narrative structures, as his work (based around an analysis of fairy tales) suggests that stories use STOCK CHARACTERS to structure stories. That is not to say that all characters are the same, but rather to suggest that all stories draw on familiar characters performing similar functions to provide familiar narrative structures.

CHARACTERS FUNCTION to provide narrative structure:

  1. Hero
  2. Helper
  3. Princess
  4. Villain
  5. Victim
  6. Dispatcher
  7. Father
  8. False Hero
Moving Image, NEA, Production

cross-media promotion (film) nea

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Ok so some more production work! Yippee!

Your MOVING IMAGE NEA is centred around a CROSS-MEDIA PROMOTIONAL CAMPAIGN that asks you to produce the following media products:

  1. A 400 word statement of intent
  2. 2 x Film Posters
  3. 2 x (1-2 minute) sequences from your film
  4. 3-5 web pages that promote your film and include 1 and 2.

Deadlines

As you know I have already brought forward the Film Poster production to accommodate both the AS Photography mock exam and my own absence. Which gave you 3 days in the TV studio and the last 2 days in class (without me) completing your products. Similarly, we put in place some time to complete the Film Sequences production as we looked at the language of moving image. The web design production is similarly staggered as I am away for a few days during this period and our classroom is being used by photography.

As such, although it would be best practice to complete all of your work and upload to the blog by Friday 8th April. However, I will not start marking this work until Monday 18th April. This therefore gives you plenty of time to finish.

Pages: 1 2 3 4
Moving Image, Theory

Moving image nea

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The point of art/ aesthetics is about the way in which tragedy occurs to ensure that the characters match with the genre which is done successfully through matter, subjects and method. Make profound truths about life stick in our minds.

Key words

Peripeteia- a change in fortune

Anagnoresis- the point in a play, novel, etc., in which a principal character recognizes or discovers another character’s true identity or the true nature of their own circumstances.

Catharsis- a type of cleaning eg. getting rid of our emotions specifically feelings around pity and fear

In Blinded by the Light, Javed experiences peripeteia when he gets the opportunity to go to writing awards ceremony and gives a speech which changes his family’s perception. For Javed, the catharsis of Bruce’s lyrics represents an escape from his domestic doldrums. Anagnoresis happens at the end of the play when Javed realises that it isn’t all about one person (Springsteen) but about how family and forgiveness will lead to a better life.

The 3 unities

Action- very focused, dramatic action

Place- in a single location

Time- in one day

  • plot vs character- although having complex, interesting characters is important, he suggests “character determines people’s qualities but it is by their actions that they are happy or reverse. Dramatic action, therefore, is not with a view to the representation of character: character comes in subsidiary to the actions… plot is the soul of a tragedy”
  • arrangement of incidences (how do you arrange events in a story?)- most films are composed around 3 act narrative structure, falls into 2 parts: complication and unravelling
  • Aiming towards a goal- protagonist is set towards a goal but becomes more difficult as time goes on
  • complication and unravelling (peripeteia)- a moment where there is a change of circumstance which shifts characters journey in a different direction
  • Recognition (anagnoresis)- peripeteia and anagnoresis are conjoined when character finally discovers the true nature of his situation “the scene of destructive or painful action”
  • Pathos (agony of recognition)- character wrestles with the consequences of the reversal
  • Catharsis (knowledge through purge)- the moment is lead by the peripeteia, anagnoresis and pathos

Key terms

  1. Linear- we see the events of the story unfolding in the order in which they occurred
  2. Chronological- listing, describing, or discussing when events happened as they relate to time
  3. Sequential- a series of scenes that form a distinct narrative unit, which is usually connected either by a unity of location or a unity of time
  4. Circular structure- the story ends where it began
  5. Time based- art is to watch it unfold over time according to the temporal logic of the medium as it is played back
  6. Narrative arc- the path a story follows
  7. Freytag’s Pyramid- a paradigm of dramatic structure outlining the seven key steps in successful storytelling: exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, and denouement
  8. exposition- a comprehensive description or explanation to get across an idea
  9. inciting incident- the event that sets the main character or characters on the journey that will occupy them throughout the narrative
  10. rising action- the part of the plot where obstacles stand in the way of the protagonist achieving his goal.
  11. climax- when the conflict and tension peak for the audience
  12. falling action- occurs right after the climax. It is what happens after the main problem of the story has been solved.
  13. resolution- Also known as the denouement, the resolution is when conflicts are resolved and the story concludes
  14. denouement- the final resolution of the intricacies of a plot
  15. Beginning / middle / end
  16. Equilibrium- at the beginning of the film, where everything is as it should be and the characters lives are normal.
  17. Disruption- a monumental change, resulting in a paradigm shift
  18. New equilibrium- things turn back to normal
  19. Peripeteia- a change in fortune
  20. Anagnoresis- the point in a play, novel, etc., in which a principal character recognizes or discovers another character’s true identity or the true nature of their own circumstances.
  21. Catharsis- getting rid of our emotions specifically feelings around pity and fear
  22. The 3 Unities: Action, Time, Place
  23. flashback / flash forward- memory of different time
  24. Foreshadowing- predicts what will happen
  25. Ellipsis- the narrative device of omitting a portion of the sequence of events, allowing the reader to fill in the narrative gaps
  26. Pathos- audience manipulation
  27. Empathy- feeling sorry for someone and understanding it
  28. diegetic / non-diegetic- (of sound in a film, television programme, etc.) occurring within the context of the story and able to be heard by the characters/ of sound in a film, television programme, etc.) having a source external to the context of the story, and not heard by the characters

slow motion- playing back video more slowly than it was made or recorded, so that the action appears much slower than in real life.

Moving Image, Theory

Narrative structure

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Todorov

Stories have a beginning, middle and end or as Todorov describes; equilibrium, disruption, new equilibrium

  • the stage of equilibrium
  • the conflict that disrupts this initial equilibrium– hero tries to find a solution, main part of the story
  • the way / ways in which the disruption looks to find new equilibrium
  • the denouement and/or resolution that brings about a new equilibrium

 Links with Freytag’s Pyramid– exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, and denouement

Vladimir Propp

stories use STOCK CHARACTERS to structure stories

Suggest that all stories draw on familiar characters performing similar functions to provide familiar narrative structures.

the way in which CHARACTERS FUNCTION TO PROVIDE NARRATIVE STRUCTURE:

  1. Hero
  2. Helper
  3. Princess
  4. Villain
  5. Victim
  6. Dispatcher
  7. Father
  8. False Hero

‘these are not separate characters, since one character can occupy a number of roles or ‘spheres of action’ as Propp calls them and one role may be played by a number of different characters’

Stock character’s roles can be organised into

  1. PREPARATION
  2. COMPLICATION
  3. TRANSFERENCE
  4. STRUGGLE
  5. RETURN
  6. RECOGNITION

Claude Levi-Strauss (Binary Oppositions)

Levi-Strauss examined the nature of myths and legends in ancient and primitive cultures. ”myths were used to deal with the contradictions in experience, to explain the apparently inexplicable, and to justify the inevitable”

NARRATIVES (=myths) are STRUCTURED around BINARY OPPOSITIONS eg: good v evil

can be seen to either support the dominant ideologies of a society (reactionary) or to challenge, question or undermines the dominant ideologies of society (radical)

Think about individual texts as a set of binary opposites. Construct a scale chart around key themes and concepts in film (use polarising concepts eg. poor and rich)

NEA

statement of intent – Movie

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Movie Synopsis

A group of teenagers rob a house. Unknown to them, the house belongs to a crazed killer who will stop at nothing to get revenge.

Statement of Intent

I have decided to choose the horror genre because the filming resources available to me are most well-suited to filming a horror. The lack of diverse set locations, actors, and filming techniques available to me means that genres such as dramas, comedies, and action are off-limits. Horrors on the other hand are usually set in one location (a house, a woods, e.t.c.), and commonly use a group of teenage actors, which makes them easier to film.

I intend to make a creepy, fun, and satirical horror movie, which has various classic horror tropes and themes which run throughout. In my film, a group of teenagers in need of cash plan to rob a secluded house. Little do they know, the house they are robbing belongs to a manic killer who hates being wronged. Mid-way through their robbery, the man arrives home and the group has to try to escape what looks like certain death.

On my first poster, I’ve included the house that belongs to the villain of the movie. It is very isolated, which creates a feeling of desperation and isolation. It is also foggy, representing mystery and ‘fear of the unknown’. The isolated house trope is very common in horror movies, which is part of the reason why I have chosen it. I’ve also tinted the picture slightly red, symbolising danger. Thomas Du Fue (who plays the villain in my story) is lurking ominously behind the house, which represents how his presence haunts the movie. I pictured him reaching out toward the camera as if reaching out to the viewer. The title ‘Don’t Move’ has spots of blood on it, which suggests that blood will be shed in the movie. His face is partially covered in the first poster, and then almost entirely covered In the second poster, this makes the audience associate his character with darkness and ambiguity. My second poster is also tinted red, which again symbolises danger.

The dominant signifier of my first poster is the house, which appears clearly in the forefront of the poster.

My movie includes many stereotypical horror tropes, however, approaches them in a satirical tone.

Moving Image, NEA, Production

Moving Image nea

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Synopsis for my film

Film sequence 1

Evangeline, 17 year old girl will find an odd looking tree and goes to have a look at it. Only, it is cursed so if you go up to it, you get stuck in a time loop. Evangeline tries to get out of the loop. Evangeline is the protagonist.

Film sequence 2

A 17 year old boy, Charlie, is lost and finds a really tall tree and goes over to look at it. He then disappears and can’t get out. Charlie is the protagonist.

I intend on creating a thrilling, on edge film

Statement of Intent: movie posters

For my first movie poster, I will include the sign the female character reads out and has it as the main focal point. The background will be the forest in which she gets stuck in and this will go on into the distance to symbolise the fact she gets stuck in a time loop. I will have two silhouettes of the main characters, this is because I want to put focus on the characters, without pulling the focus away from the background and sign. I will edit the movie title ‘It Won’t Always Be Like This’ in an eerie yet playful font, which should capture the playful and ominous feeling of the movie. I will write in ‘Featuring the music of Inhaler’ in a smaller font to promote the music soundtrack in the movie. The genre of my film is Sci-Fi, like the movie ‘Palm Springs’ but different in the sense that it is predictable yet unexpected.

For my second movie poster, I will have the forest in the background, but only the top of the trees with the sky, this also symbolises the time loop as the sky is never ending, but also includes the trees that will give away the setting of the movie. I will include the photos of the main characters but these will be the main focus this time, not silhouettes. The title will be edited in, in a typewriter font, in the sky but just as the trees stop, so it doesn’t take away from the main focus of the poster. To include the music artist into the movie poster, I will write in a slightly smaller font, but big enough to read it clearly, ‘Featuring the music of Inhaler’ to promote the music soundtrack in the movie.