key definitions – institutions

  1. Cultural industries – A economic sector that is primarily engaged in producing, reproducing, storing and distributing cultural goods and services.
  2. Production – In media terms, the making of a viewable product through film and sound.
  3. Distribution – Methods in which the product is delivered to the marketing campaign
  4. Exhibition / Consumption – The release of a product to the public.
  5. Media concentration – Few individuals or organisations control the shares of the mass media.
  6. Conglomerates – A media institution or group is a company that owns multiple companies which are involved in mass media enterprises.
  7. Globalisation – In media, the world-wide integration of media through the cross cultural exchange of ideas / technology.
  8. Cultural imperialism – Western nations dominate the media around the world.
  9. Vertical Integration – A media company owns different businesses in the same chain of production and distribution.
  10. Horizontal Integration – A media company’s ownership of several businesses of the same value.
  11. Mergers – Two or more companies combine / merge together to make one singular company.
  12. Monopolies – The exclusive possession / control of the supply of or trade in a commodity / service.
  13. Gatekeepers – A filtering system in which companies choose what information is released to the public.
  14. Regulation – Rules enforced by the jurisdiction of law in which a range of specific bindings / tools are applied to media systems.
  15. Deregulation – The reductions of government power in a particular industry to create a more competitive aura within a company.
  16. Free market – An unregulated system of economic exchange in which taxes, quality controls, quotas, tariffs and other forms of centralised economic interventions by the government do not exist or are minimal.
  17. Commodification – A process which services, ideas and people relations are transformed into objects for sale in a capitalist economic system.
  18. Convergence – The merging of previously distinct media to create an entire new form of communication expression.
  19. Diversity – A variety or assort of media.
  20. Innovation – The changing in several aspects of the media landscape. The invention of new vales in the marketing sector.

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