1. Cultural industries – The various companies or businesses who create, distribute and sell products relating to the creative field.
2. Production – The process of creating and producing media content.
3. Distribution – The ways in which media content is marketed and advertised to an audience.
4. Exhibition / Consumption – The showing off of a product to an audience and the general use of a product.
5. Media concentration – The decreasing amount of different people who own media outlets, concentrating the amount that fewer people own.
6. Conglomerates – A company which owns multiple sub companies involved with the media industry.
7. Globalisation (in terms of media ownership) – The processes of production, distribution and consumption and how they operate on a global scale with intertwining cultures.
8. Cultural imperialism – A theory stating that the Western countries are most prominent in the media world, and that they have a negative impact on the rest of the world by injecting Western views into other areas’ cultures.
9. Vertical Integration – When companies partake in all three of production, distribution and consumption.
10. Horizontal Integration – When a company owns all of the ways to achieve one of the cultural industries.
11. Mergers – Combining two or more things into one.
12. Monopolies – When a company owns everything there is in a certain field.
13. Gatekeepers – When choices of media content are restricted to certain options by certain people.
14. Regulation – a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.
15. Deregulation – the removal of regulations or restrictions, especially in a particular industry.
16. Free market – an economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses.
17. Commodification – the act or fact of turning something into an item that can be bought and sold.
18. Convergence – a phenomenon involving the interconnection of information and communications technologies, computer networks, and media content.
19. Diversity – it means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences
20. Innovation – the process of not just an “invention” of a new value for journalism, but also the process of implementing this new value in a market or a social setting to make it sustainable.

• Cultural Industries– refers to various businesses that produce, distribute, market or sell products that belong categorically in creative arts. Including clothing, decorative material for homes, books, movies, television programs, or music.

• Production– the action of making or manufacturing from components or raw materials, or the process of being so manufactured.
• Distribution- Distribution means to spread the product throughout the marketplace such that a large number of people can buy it. The methods by which media products are delivered to audiences, including the marketing campaign.
• Exhibition/Consumption- the sum of information and entertainment media taken in by an individual or group. 
• Media Concentration- in which decreasing numbers of individuals and organizations own media outlets, effectively concentrating the ownership of multiple organizations into the control of very few entities. 
• Conglomerates- a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises.
• Globalisation- The production, distribution, and consumption of media products on a global scale, facilitating the exchange and diffusion of ideas cross-culturally.
• Cultural Imperialism- Cultural Imperialism Theory states that Western nations dominate the media around the world which in return has a powerful effect on Third World Cultures by imposing n them Western views and therefore destroying their native cultures
• Vertical Integration- refers to the merger of companies that are in the same business but in different stages of production or distribution. 
• Horizontal Integration-  is the merger of two or more companies that occupy similar levels in the production supply chain.
• Mergers- an acquisition in which one or more of the undertakings involved carries on a media business.
• Monopolies- concentrated control of major mass communications within a society.
• Gate Keepers- is a process by which information is filtered to the public by the media.
• Regulation-a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.
• Deregulation-the removal of regulations or restrictions, especially in a particular industry.
• Free Market- an economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses.
• Commodification- the act or fact of turning something into an item that can be bought and sold.
• Convergence- a phenomenon involving the interconnection of information and communications technologies, computer networks, and media content.
• Diversity- it means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences
• Innovation- the process of not just an “invention” of a new value for journalism, but also the process of implementing this new value in a market or a social setting to make it sustainable.

1. Cultural industries– Types of media in which a cultural/creative company produces, distributes and exhibits a product
2. Production– Making or producing a product
3. Distribution– Advertising or marketing the product
4. Exhibition / Consumption– Showing the product/releasing it
5. Media concentration– Organisations control increasing shares of the mass media
6. Conglomerates– When a business owns a massive group of companies
7. Globalisation (in terms of media ownership)- Worldwide integration of media/cultural companies
8. Cultural imperialism– Western nations dominate the media around the world which has a powerful impact
9. Vertical Integration– When a company does all 3 production, distribution and consumption
10. Horizontal Integration– When a company only produces
11. Mergers– Combining two or more things into one
12. Monopolies– When a company owns all the three
13. Gatekeepers– When you can only choose through what the company has chosen for you-
14. Regulation– A rule/restriction made by government/authority
15. Deregulation– When the government restrictions are loosened
16. Free market– A system where prices are determined on
17. Commodification– turning something into an item that can be bought and sold
18. Convergence– Merging platforms through networking
19. Diversity– Diversity of options
20. Innovation- Inventing new values in the market

1. A
2. X
3. B
4. X
5. C

• Cultural Industries– refers to various businesses that produce, distribute, market or sell products that belong categorically in creative arts. Including clothing, decorative material for homes, books, movies, television programs, or music.

• Production– the action of making or manufacturing from components or raw materials, or the process of being so manufactured.
• Distribution- Distribution means to spread the product throughout the marketplace such that a large number of people can buy it. The methods by which media products are delivered to audiences, including the marketing campaign.
• Exhibition/Consumption- the sum of information and entertainment media taken in by an individual or group. 
• Media Concentration- in which decreasing numbers of individuals and organizations own media outlets, effectively concentrating the ownership of multiple organizations into the control of very few entities. 
• Conglomerates- a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises.
• Globalisation- The production, distribution, and consumption of media products on a global scale, facilitating the exchange and diffusion of ideas cross-culturally.
• Cultural Imperialism- Cultural Imperialism Theory states that Western nations dominate the media around the world which in return has a powerful effect on Third World Cultures by imposing n them Western views and therefore destroying their native cultures
• Vertical Integration- refers to the merger of companies that are in the same business but in different stages of production or distribution. 
• Horizontal Integration-  is the merger of two or more companies that occupy similar levels in the production supply chain.
• Mergers- an acquisition in which one or more of the undertakings involved carries on a media business.
• Monopolies- concentrated control of major mass communications within a society.
• Gate Keepers- is a process by which information is filtered to the public by the media.
• Regulation-a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.
• Deregulation-the removal of regulations or restrictions, especially in a particular industry.
• Free Market- an economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses.
• Commodification- the act or fact of turning something into an item that can be bought and sold.
• Convergence- a phenomenon involving the interconnection of information and communications technologies, computer networks, and media content.
• Diversity- it means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences
• Innovation- the process of not just an “invention” of a new value for journalism, but also the process of implementing this new value in a market or a social setting to make it sustainable.

1 – 6

A = 1

B = 3

C = 5

Cultural industries-an economic field concerned with producing, reproducing, storing, and distributing cultural goods and services on industrial and commercial terms.

Production-the action of making or manufacturing from components or raw materials, or the process of being so manufactured.

Distribution-the methods by which media products are delivered to audiences, including the marketing campaign.

Exhibition / Consumption-a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

Media Concentration-a process whereby progressively fewer individuals or organizations control increasing shares of the mass media.

Conglomerates-a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises.

Globalisation-the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

Cultural Imperialism-Cultural Imperialism Theory states that Western nations dominate the media around the world which in return has a powerful effect on Third World Cultures by imposing n them Western views and therefore destroying their native culture

Vertical Integration-when a Media Company owns different businesses in the same chain of production and distribution.

Horizontal Integration-a Media Company’s Ownership of several businesses of the same value. A Media Company can own a Magazine, Radio, Newspaper, Television and Books. 

Mergers-an acquisition in which one or more of the undertakings involved carries on a media business in the Page 2 State and one or more of the undertakings involved carries on a media business elsewhere.

Monopolies-concentrated control of major mass communications within a society.

Gatekeepers- is a process by which information is filtered to the public by the media.

Regulation-a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.

Deregulation-the removal of regulations or restrictions, especially in a particular industry.

Free Market-an economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses.

Commodification-the act or fact of turning something into an item that can be bought and sold.

Convergence-a phenomenon involving the interconnection of information and communications technologies, computer networks, and media content.

Diversity-it means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. 

Innovation-the process of not just an “invention” of a new value for journalism, but also the process of implementing this new value in a market or a social setting to make it sustainable.

1. Cultural industries– Types of media in which a cultural/creative company produces, distributes and exhibits a product
2. Production– Making or producing a product
3. Distribution– Advertising or marketing the product
4. Exhibition / Consumption– Showing the product/releasing it
5. Media concentration– Organisations control increasing shares of the mass media
6. Conglomerates– When a business owns a massive group of companies
7. Globalisation (in terms of media ownership)- Worldwide integration of media/cultural companies
8. Cultural imperialism– Western nations dominate the media around the world which has a powerful impact
9. Vertical Integration– When a company does all 3 production, distribution and consumption
10. Horizontal Integration– When a company only produces
11. Mergers– Combining two or more things into one
12. Monopolies– When a company owns all the three
13. Gatekeepers– When you can only choose through what the company has chosen for you-
14. Regulation– A rule/restriction made by government/authority
15. Deregulation– When the government restrictions are loosened
16. Free market– A system where prices are determined on
17. Commodification– turning something into an item that can be bought and sold
18. Convergence– Merging platforms through networking
19. Diversity– Diversity of options
20. Innovation- Inventing new values in the market

Question 05:

1. Vertical Integration- A company owns different businesses in the same chain of production and distribution
2. Media Conglomerate- A company owns numerous companies in mass media enterprises
3. Diversification- A corporate strategy to enter into a new market in which the business doesn’t currently operate

1. Cultural industries  = A cultural industry is an economic field concerned with producing, reproducing, storing and distributing cultural goods and services on industrial and commercial terms.
2. Production = The making of a media
3. Distribution = How the media delivers their product to the audience
4. Exhibition / Consumption = products that are for show (the film industry) / products that are used by buyers
5. Media concentration = ownership of big media industries by fewer industries
6. Conglomerates = A company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media.
7. Globalisation (in terms of media ownership) = Media company who work internationally
8. Cultural imperialism =  imposition by one usually politically or economically dominant community of various aspects of its own culture onto another nondominant community.
9. Vertical Integration =  A company that opts for vertical integration takes complete control over one or more stages in the production or distribution of a product.
10. Horizontal Integration =  media companies expand by acquiring media companies that work in similar sectors. The media company can own radio, magazines, books and newspaper
11. Mergers = When 2 companies come together and create a new media business
12. Monopolies = When a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular thing
13. Gatekeepers = When a large company owns everything in a specific line of business which means they are the only ones that can sell it. It is illegal in most countries to do it.
14. Regulation = The global regulation of new media technologies is to ensure the cultural diversity in media content, and provide a free space of public access and various opinions and ideas without censorship.
15. Deregulation = The reductions of government power in a particular industry to create a more competitive attitude within a company
16. Free market = In economics, a free market is a system in which the prices for goods and services are self-regulated by buyers and sellers negotiating in an open market.
17. Commodification = A process which services, ideas and people relations are transformed into objects for sale in a capitalist economic system.
18. Convergence  = The merging of previously distinct media to create an entire new form of communication expression.
19. Diversity  = Diversity of different views, ideas or content
20. Innovation  = Change in several aspects of the media landscape, from the development of new media platforms, to new business models, to new ways of producing media texts