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Feminist Critical Thinking, Institution

key notes-judith butler and David Gauntlet.

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Judith Butler:

  • our bodies or sex do not define our gendered identities. – we do not have to conform to society’s demands of being masculine or feminine.
  • “our gendered identities are not naturally given but constructed through repetition and ritual.” 
  • the media assists in the marginalisation of subversive identities through absent representations, abjection and parody. 
  • the performance of gender trouble is a difficult, sometimes painful, process given the entrenched nature of heteronormativity. 
  • contemporary culture reinforces a traditional gender binary- identities that fall outside of that binary are constructed as subversive. 

David Gauntlet:

  • “Audiences realise they can change their identities”– David refers to Anthony Giddens’ theory who suggests “late- modernity” – where our identities are transitioning from the rigid stereotypes and starting to construct our own. 
  • “Contemporary media practices mean that heteronormatitvity does not completely dominate”– showing how heterosexuality is not in complete control over society and that we are becoming a more inclusive community.
  • Audiences are in control of the media – adapting and assimilating ideas about themselves through the various representation that the media presents.” – illustrating how audiences are collectively adapting cultural norms and adapting themselves to fit in to society. 
Audience, Essays, Exam Prep

revision notes

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David Gauntlet

“front covers of magazines such as Vogue and Men’s health are shop windows to amore sexier, more successful future self for their reader-ships”- shows that identity is constructed by media

“30 second glimpses of who we might become”- suggests our identity will change overtime

“the characters we watch in television shows or on online games offer us examples of how we can transfigure ourselves”- try to become better people by transforming our identities

“identities are not fixed, but can be altered for the best if we are motivated to change”- portrays idea of negotiated identity

“media manufacturers narrow interpretations of certain roles or lifestyles”- down to negative stereotypes

Judith Butler

“the absence of homosexuality in mythic stories provides evidence that our natural sexual inclinations are heterosexually orientated”- dominant ideology that it should only be male and female couples

“our gender identities are not fixed objects; they are constituted as a result of our behaviors”- our identity will change depending on the situation we are in eg. a party compared to a funeral

“rituals and performative actions constantly reinforce our identities: the act of wearing makeup”-we perform our identities differently each day

“lack of alternative representations in media helps reinforce heteronormativity”- we can choose our identities but their is a lack of knowledge to other identities rather than heterosexuality.

Feminist Critical Thinking, Representation

Wider reading

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Key Notes:

Judith Butler:

  • “our gendered identities are not naturally given but constructed through repetition and ritual.” – showing that this is how we act because it is a rigid stereotype given by society.
  • our bodies or sex do not define our gendered identities. – we do not have to conform to society’s demands of being masculine or feminine.
  • contemporary culture reinforces a traditional gender binary- identities that fall outside of that binary are constructed as subversive.
  • the media assists in the marginalisation of subversive identities through absent representations, abjection and parody.
  • the performance of gender trouble is a difficult, sometimes painful, process given the entrenched nature of heteronormativity.

David Gauntlet:

  • “Audiences realise they can change their identities”– David refers to Anthony Giddens’ theory who suggests “late- modernity” – where our identities are transitioning from the rigid stereotypes and starting to construct our own.
  • Audiences are in control of the media – adapting and assimilating ideas about themselves through the various representation that the media presents.” – illustrating how audiences are collectively adapting cultural norms and adapting themselves to fit in to society.
  • “Contemporary media practices mean that heteronormatitvity does not completely dominate”– showing how heterosexuality is not in complete control over society and that we are becoming a more inclusive community.
Uncategorized

Revision Notes

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David Gauntlett

Prof Talks – 7. Creativity w/ Dr. David Gauntlett

“Contemporary media practices mean that heteronormatitvity does not completely dominate” – Heterosexuality doesn’t have full control of modern media.

“Gender is socially constructed” –  As a social construct, gender can vary in different societies and is liable to change over time.

“Audiences realise they can change their identities” – They can be whoever they choose to be and they cannot be held back by society.

“Audiences are active. They control the representations they want to engage with and can actively reject those that do not appeal.” – An active audience will engage and respond to forms of media in different ways and are capable of challenging the ideas within it.

“The media provides a range of products in which a huge diversity of identities is portrayed.” – In society, there are many people who choose to present themselves with a variety of identities.

Judith Butler

Judith Butler on the culture wars, JK Rowling and living in â?oanti-intellectual timesâ??

“Society constructs a binary view of gender” – A binary view is a social construct made up of two parts that are framed as complete opposites (e.g. male and female).

“Society also presents male/female relationships as the norm” – The world view is that heterosexuality is the normal or preferred sexual orientation.

“Audiences learn how to perform gender via the media.” – The media in today’s society constructs our own gender identity for us.

“Alternatives to the gender binary exist but are presented as subversive.” – Genders other than male and female exist but are seen as disruptive.

“The media reinforces heteronormativity through heteronormative representations” – The current media supports heterosexuality as the norm by only representing heterosexual relationships.

Notes, Research, Uncategorized

notes on butler:

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Judith butler talks about how in society, how gender roles play a part in day to day life.butler suggests that specific qualities and other features don’t define what gender you are and that gender is a choice. Butler suggests that gender is fluid, changeable, plural a set of categories to be played out and performed by individual subjects in individual moments in time and space. butler suggests things like lipstick lesbian, butch and femme and girly girl and how these traits determine the gender of the people based on attributes behavior and that being born male or female will indefinitely be the way a person acts or chooses to associate to.

“Lipstick lesbian” is slang for a lesbian who exhibits a greater amount of feminine gender attributes, such as wearing make up(t dresses or skirts.

Butch and femme (French language, meaning woman) are terms used in the lesbian subculture to ascribe or acknowledge a masculine (butch) or feminine (femme).

Girly girl is a term for a girl or woman who chooses to dress and behave in a traditionally feminine style, such as wearing pink, using make-up, using perfume, dressing in skirts, dresses and blouses, and talking about relationships and other activities which are associated with the traditional gender role of a girl.

Exam Prep, Notes, Research

Revision notes – Home

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David Gauntlet

“Audiences are in control of the media – adapting and assimilating ideas about themselves through the various representation that the media presents.” – This illustrates how the audience adapts themselves to fit in to society and it is naturally happening. They create the person that they want to be to represent their true self.

“Gender is socially constructed” – The way that both genders behaviours change is naturally reoccurring.

“Audiences realise they can change their identities” Society have no power over them to choose who they can become. For example a male can act as a female, and a female can act as a male.

“The media provides a range of products in which a huge diversity of identities is portrayed.” – In our society there is a huge amount of individuals who portray themselves with a varies of different identities.

“Audiences use global media to offer alternatives to the identities that society constructs for them.” – Social media gives the impression that they change people’s identities and that their behaviour changes.

Judith Butler

“Our gendered identities are not naturally given but constructed through repetition and ritual.” Individuals change their identities over and over again through the act of others.

“Our bodies or sex do not define our gendered identities” – Male or female can choose their identity.

“The performance of gender trouble is a difficult, sometimes painful, process given the entrenched nature of heteronormativity” – Individuals suffer from people who judge them for changing there identities to be who they want to become.

“Gender is not solely determined by primary experiences during childhood” – You behaviour does not change from childhood, it is just naturally happens.

“Our genders are culturally rather naturally formed” – Society influences and interacts with the audience which changes people’s behaviour.