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Aesthetics

A overarching style and idea, including costumes and cinema and set design

Task 1 – find definitions for the following:

Verisimilitude– The idea of something appearing true.

The breakfast club, takes place in a school showing the events of a Sunday detention. Its believable as the customs are what American teenagers in the 80s would of worn along with the school which is realistic.

Social Realism – How films show how someone’s environment can change the development of the character. Emphasises the relationship between someone’s identity and there location.

This is England, shows how the current social state of England influences people into believing things that are against their morals. We see that the national front changes how Shaun sees people.

Magic Realism– This shows magical events as a normal world event, where characters accept it as a part of their life.

In harry potter Magic Realism is used to create the story line, showing that characters have magic as part of their daily life. This is used showing it in a school setting which is apart of the ordinary world.

Hyperreality – Anything that seems so real , and perhaps impossible to separate from reality.

In the Barbie Movie, the world they live in is supposed to be perfect showing how everyone can live happily carefree. The use of bright pink plastic materials and deliberately fake items shows the hyperreality to differentiate from the real world.

Visual Style

Visual style is the look or the feel of the film.

Task 2 – find definitions for the following:

Iconography – The use of a recurring symbol or image’s that can covey themes, evoke emotions or build a films identity.

In the Hunger Games it uses symbols to build up the character’s ideas and there personality’s. With the mocking jay noise and symbol becoming iconic to the movie.

Intertextual Referencing – When a movie uses ideas from a text or another piece of art.

In Shrek, it refences over popular child stories such as fairy god mother and three blind mice. This helps link the fairy-tale idea of Shrek to over movies.

Visual/ Sound motifs– A motif is a recurring story element that can highlight a moment happening in a movie.

In the movie UP a instrumental plays while showing carl and Ellies life , It also plays at the end when carl has found happiness. This music acts motif to show a important moment.

Colour Grading– Editing that creates a consistent tone of colour throughout the movie.

In the joker movie the overall tones are grey showing the depressing world that he lives is reflected in the colours.

Auteur Trademarks-A reference (e.g. to an object, a character, or a happening)

Wes Anderson has a trademark style with bright style and symmetrical shots. This makes his work easy to spot.

Task 3 – find definitions for the following:

Pathos-Pathos is a technique that seeks ton appeal to the audiences emotions, this is often used as sadness to have a emotional impact to the spectator.

In the movie the dogs purpose it shows the dog and its owner reuniting multiple times in the movie sparking emotion in the movie.

Suspense- A anxious uncertainly about what may happen.

In this scene in the shining the music, atmosphere builds tension on what way happens next.

Comedy– A genre of film which aims to amuse the audience.

In the movie home alone it makes the boy in the story try and fool the robbers creating a funny situation out of a what might have been a serious situation.

Dramatic Irony-Where the audience is aware of something that the characters aren’t.

We are aware that Truman is being filmed, however he doesn’t creating dramatic irony throughout the film.

Distancing Effect – Where the director purposing makes the story seem unbelievable, such as having a unfinished set or the character constantly talk to the camera.

In fleabag she often speaks to the camera, throughout the movie this pulls away from the believability that your watching a movie.

Postmodern Humour– Dark humour that is often about society.

Exam Feedback

  1. Pick out the phrases/vocab you think impressive

Poetic justice- a fitting consequence for someone’s actions

Define

Diegetic- something occurring within the context of the story and able to be heard and seen by the characters

Cathartic- expressing and letting go of a strong emotion through a activity or experience.

Reframing- the general change in a persons mindset, whether it be a positive or negative change.,

Connote- imply or suggest a idea or feeling in addition to the literal or primary meaning.

How is paragraph structured- identify the PEEL structure.

Purple- point. Green- evidence. Blue- explain. Red- link.

This is England ( 2006, Shane Meadows. UK ) First Response

Critical Score  Memorable Scene  
6/10 I enjoyed parts of the movie; I enjoyed the character design and their costumes. I found that the cast were all really suited for their roles, which made the film enjoyable for me.The plot stood out for me, showing how young people can be brainwashed into ideas that are so far from what they believe. The reason it is lower than the over movies we have watched is due to the language and some scenes were just uncomfortable to watch, that may have been intentional by the director, but I found it disturbing.  I think the scene which stands out the most is the scene where combo attacks milky, this stands out to me due to the break in his behavior. All throughout the movie combo shows racist behavior but this final scene shows that extreme feelings he has deep within. This also shows Shuan’s realization that combo is not a caring man like he believed him to be.  

Representation, Trainspotting (Boyle, 1996)

All aspects of film form including narrative contribute to the representations of cultures and societies (gender, ethnicity and age) including the ideological nature of those representations.

ideology- a system of ideas and ideals, a set of opinions or beliefs of a group or an individual.

Performance- what carries representation?

age, costumes, gestures, body language, setting/background

Stereotype- A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.

Countertype- Countertypes can construct an alternative ideology which reflects a less mainstream view point. Casting someone against the stereotype.

Sarah Connor, Example.

In the first movie, Sarah Conner is a young woman working a job as a waitress. She doesn’t have ambition to succeed in her job, as we see her turning up late and not being attentive to customers when but in a stressful situation in the diner.

In the second movie, terminator 2. We see Sarah Conner dressed in masculine clothes unlike the previous movie. She’s also extremely comfortable about guns and smokes. In this movie she is transformed into a action heroine

Representation in Trainspotting.

  1. Who is doing the representation? – Danny Boyle, the director.
  2. Who is being represented? – white young Scottish men and people who abuse drugs.
  3. what social groups are omitted from the representations? – People of colour, wealthy people
  4. what messages about particular social groups are being conveyed? – Drugs have a negative impact on people, leading to them to do things out of character.
  5. which characters or social groups have power within the representations? – people who interviewed spud had the power to turn him down, due to their wealth and position within the company. They looked down on spud due to his working class nature, this can be shown through clothes.
  6. Do the characters social adhere to or challenge stereotypes? – It shows the negative impact of drugs and how bad your life can get.
  7. Are the character’s typical of films in that genre? – The characters actions could be typical of a drama, with the arugementive nature of the character’s and suspense in the storylines
  8. What do representations tell audiences about society at the time the film was made and /or set? – I think the representation of the young men doing drugs shows that there wasn’t a lot of educational push or information about drugs, this stands out to me in the choose life monologue where the film is set young people don’t have a interest in leading a normal materialstic life and instead choose drugs.

Consider the ways in which the following groups are represented in the film-

Young people

In train-spotting the young people are seen often acting against following a ‘normal life’ for example in the choose life monologue it shows the uninterested nature of the young people to live a simple life with families and jobs. I also see the young people in train-spotting to have a great influence on each over, showing that young people are subject to peer pressure. For example Tommie who lived a normal life is suddenly introduced to drugs by his friends. We also see this effect with Diane who often smokes due to Renton.

Older people

The representation of older people in transporting from my point of view is they are the people who do choose life, for example Renton parents are seen to own their own home and have a family with a quiet life.This is everything the younger people act against. We also see the young people steal perceptions from the older generation making them seem gullible and vulnerable.

Working class people

The working class in trainspotting is represented in the way that you are never going to get any fulfilment from the job you work, the scene which represents this to me is spud in his job interview. He is applying for a job in leisure which he has no real interest in. The scene is shot in a gloomy grey room showing the mundane nature of the job he is applying for. This shows that the working class aren’t given any opportunities to build their career.

Scottish people

In the movie the scene which stands out to me about Scottish people is when they are waiting nearby the trains tracks looking at the beautiful Scottish mountains, however none of the boys there are proud to be Scottish and talk about how they dislike where they live. This belief is also followed up by Renton moving to London showing that it was easy for him to leave Scotland behind.

Addicts

The addiction in trainspotting is not glamorised like some over films choose to do. In trainspotting we see the characters do drugs in dirty rundown spaces and the movie also shows the negative effects drugs can have on your life. Addicts are represented in the movie by constantly being in a battle against moving away from drugs but being quickly pulled back into the world. ” one last hit” the phase is used a lot in this movie showing how the characters addiction never truly disappears.

Men

The men in the movie, are represented by having toxic relationships with each over but also by violence. Throughout the movie the men betray and lie to each over. For example tommie’s video tape which is his downfall but little reaction or guilt is shown to his death, showing that the men in this movie are represented as morally bankrupt.

Woman

The woman in this movie are reperneted as almost side pieces to the men, for example Renton in the nightclub is searching For a woman just because his friends have one brings on the desire not because he wants to form a romantic relationship. The woman in the movie such as Diane also are only present due to their male relationships showing that they are seen through the male gaze.

Trainspotting (1996, Boyle, UK)

Sound- The sound in this scene makes Renton’s leaving more powerful. The sound fades it the actions of him leaving. For example, when first taking the bag, you can faintly hear the music. However, in the moment where he is left, it is loud, and the lyrics are heard. This builds suspense in the scene, for me as a viewer the music added to the scene creating a powerful moment. 

Editing– The montage shows Mutiple aspects of London, showing famous monuments and iconic buildings. For me as a viewer this shows what Renton expects from London but it also works as an establishing shot showing the viewer the area, he will be working in.  

cinematography- this scene shows the perceptive of Renton, and the facial features of over people. For me this conveyed the judgment of the state that mark was in well. But it also showed the viewer that he was still conscious 

 Mise en scene- The overall mise en scene for this scene really stands out to me. The camera remains at a low level for the toilet scene meaning that we can see the actions unfold. The whole set design of the bathroom and water represents how disgusting it was, creating an effect on the viewer. The actors’ outfit appears to be normal and so does his expression, which makes the scene more whimsical.  

Trainspotting (1996) First Response.

My rating-8/10

Throughout the duration of this film I was highly captivated, by multiple factors; the story-telling, the soundtrack and overall personality’s of characters. A memorable scene for me was when Mark Renton overdosed and was taken to hospital. This stood out to me sue to the soundtrack and the cinematography within this scene.

In this screen grab from this moment, before he overdoses the carpet falls into the ground creating a coffin shape that it falls in. This moment stands out due to the symbolism, the coffin shape representing his life slipping away from him. The carpet slipping is filmed at a low angle showing the moment in focus which I think makes it more powerful to me. It also stands out due to this whimsical event, we see this in the toilet scene it shows the effect that drugs have on their viewpoint and what they perceive.

Moonlight camera shots, angles and movement

Camera Shots

Side, Low Angle

This is shot from a slightly low angle, and from the side, you can see both of them. It almost creates a parallel possibly showing there similarly. 

Eye level  

The camera shows Chiron at eye level, this was used possibly to show his feelings and emotions clearly, while being over the shoulder of Kevin to almost see it from Kevin’s viewpoint. 

High  

This shows the people Chiron is intimidated by at a higher level showing the possible fear that he has looking down at theme, the main one of the groups is also facing the direction of the camera showing the fear from Chiron.  

Shot Distance  

BCU 

A character looking down the Lense of the camera, breaks the fourth wall. This creates a personal effect for the viewer. You’re looking at him in the eyes, showing the personal moment that is happening now. This also shows the dramatic moment that is about to happen and the intensity of the moment. 

ML 

Having the camera this dances away from the character shows a powerful effect having the character looking off into the distance. This creates a dramatic scene possibly showing the reflection of the character. 

LS 

Shooting far away from the character possibly signifies loneliness having a large space around the character creates the effect of isolation within the character  

Camera Movements

Track out – Track in 

The Camrea starts from viewing Chiron from a distance on the field, then slowly tracks into him. This could represent to the viewer the disconnect he feels from the over children playing. The camera’s focus is him, and he stands unlike the over kids. The movement shows the following of Chiron.  

Ped Up – Ped Down 

The camera moves from showing Juan tom slowly moving down to Chiron, this could show the relationship between the two characters and how it is starting on Jaun higher up could show how Chiron looks up to him.  

Pan Left – Pan Right  

The camera moves to show both sides of Chiron in this scene as well as moving the composition to show Juan and how Chiron reacts in the same moment. This also shows the connection between the two 

Sound.

Sound.  

Diegetic and non-diegetic 

Diegetic is any sound which the character is aware of, non-diegetic is the sound which the audience can hear but characters cannot.  

Explain the difference between the role of a Sound Editor and a Sound Mixer.  

Sound editing is about collecting sounds that fit the scene, a mixer is choosing the moments which fit into the scene. 

Sound effects  

Sound effects are artificially created sounds, to enhance elements of a movie. They are often made and then recorded and placed onto a scene. 

Ken Burt designed the sound for the lightsaber in Star Wars. 

Foley artist  

 An artist who creates sound effects postproduction in unison with the movement in a scene. They record in a soundproof studio which is then layered on the top of the video. They often use creative ideas to match the sound within the scene. 

Leitmotif 

A leitmotif is a short recurring sound which is associated with a person or idea in a movie. Leitmotifs can be used as guides to help viewers understand a place or character’s feelings in a deeper level. In the movie UP when carl is showing his feelings about Ellie or memories the same musical phrase plays stirring feelings in the viewer and helping his emotions seem more intense.  

Jcut and Lcut  

They act as a sound bridge blending the two scenes together, bridges a visual transition.  

Voice over is where you hear a narrator/character talk to the audience, however sometimes in story lines there can be an unreliable narrator  

The score for a film is the music created especially for it to enhance the mood/visuals which appear on screen.  

Synchronous  

Sound which matches the actions and movements being viewed. 

Asynchronous  

Sound which is not matched with a visible source of the sound on screen, this can be used to create tension as the viewer cannot see where its coming from  

Needle Drop  

Needle drop is when a song goes into a scene to create a powerful moment, for example American psycho, when upbeat music plays in the background of a bloody scene. 

Sound Perspective  

Sound Perspective is the distance that you are listening to the sound from, and the effect that the distance creates for the viewer. An example is from the movie Munich, where they wanted to show a young girl, small footsteps sound where held and a small female voice was heard mainly in the scene conveying that to the viewer.  

Name your favorite film soundtrack.  

Mamma Mia, I enjoy the music soundtrack as it features ABBA which has upbeat music which follows the environment of the film. The music often represents a character’s feelings or a situation which has happened, making it very lively to watch.  

Joker – Mise en Scene

Space-I’ve chosen this screenshot of the film due to the Mise en Scene, in this moment of the film, he’s just committed a murder and is on his way to the tv show he will be appearing on. I have chosen this scene due to the way it stands out in the movie, in comparison to a large majority of the movie its bright and centered I think this could have been a way to express the feeling of euphoria he feels within this moment. The setting is a interesting point, the joker in a previous stage of the movie had slowly walked up these stairs, in a darker off centered scene. The joker stands in the middle of this scene making him the focus point. 

Lighting-I’ve chosen this scene, as the lighting in the background shows the reflection of the moment of the joker and shows the viewer that he is traveling. This. Lightning techquine shows the reflection with the lights being blurred out into the background really puts the focus onto the joker.  

Costume Design-I like this costume design as its imperfect, having a character’s outfit by worn, and dirty can make the scene more believable for the viewer as it follows what the character would have been doing in the scene, we see the jokers suit ruffled and blood on his outfit. This creates a sense of reality to the viewer. 

Set Design-The set design shows the increate design of the theatre, i find this photo interesting as it shows the luxurious interior of the theatre, but throughout the movie such as the social workers office its overcrowded and simple. This photo shows the class divide but also serves a purpose to the audience of class divide. 

Hair and Makeup-The hair and makeup in this scene show the new joker. He previously had been wearing clown outfits, but this shows more of Aurther’s new idea of himself. This hair and makeup show the audience the new attitudes that the joker has. 

Composition-This shows composition, the angle of the camera faces the joker showing that the focus is on him. The books and papers in the background also show the depth and stress. Showing the viewer the large piles of books. This shows the joker clearly but also the space which the social worker is in at the same time. 

Aspect Ratio-The radio is facing landscape showing that he is travelling at a rapid pace. This also builds tension as he travels. It draws attention to the space around him aswell.