Expository documentary . Expository documentaries set up a specific point of view or argument about a subject and a narrator often speaks directly to the viewer, emphasizing the relationship between the images presented on-screen and offering verbal commentary.

Example: March of the penguins. (Jacquet) 2005

Reflexive documentary: Reflexive documentaries are similar to participatory docs in that they often include the filmmaker within the film. However, unlike participatory, most creators of reflexive documentaries make no attempt to explore an outside subject. Rather, they focus solely on themselves and the act of making the film.

Example: Biggie and Tupac (Broomfield) 2002

poetic documentary: , poetic documentaries focus on experiences, images, and showing the audience the world through different eyes

Example: tongues untied (Riggs) 1989

Participatory documentaries: Participatory documentaries include the filmmaker within the narrative. This inclusion can be as minor as a filmmaker using their voice to prod their subjects with questions or cues from behind the camera—or as major as a filmmaker directly influencing the actions of the narrative

Example: free solo (Chin) 2018

Observational documentaries: Observational documentaries attempt to give voice to all sides of an issue by offering audiences first-hand access to some of the subject’s most important moments. The observational style has been very influential over the years, and filmmakers often use it in other film genres to create a sense of realness and truth.

example: Hoop dreams (James) 1998

Performative documentaries: Performative documentaries are an experimental combination of styles used to stress subject experience and share an emotional response with the world. They often connect and juxtapose personal accounts with larger political or historical issues.

Example: Wont you be my neighbour (Neville) 2018

A documentary film is a non-fictional motion picture intended to document reality, for instruction, education or maintaining a historical record.

examples of documentary films include:

1. Hoop dreams

2. Tell them you love me

3. Fire in paradise

Gender: In the city of god Women are not given any major roles in the plot and the only women we see in the film are sides or girlfriends such as Shaggy’s and knockout Neds. when women are seen on screen they are treated very badly by men, especially lil ze who ends up sexually assaulting Knockouts neds girlfriends.

Aesthetics:

Realism: The use of using Rocket as a narrator makes the film feel more realistic as it gives the film a documentary style tone. Merellies does this because this film is based of a true story in brazil and he wants to get that story across to the audience.

Tone: The tone in city of god would be regarded as serious and gritty. This is done by merellies to highlight the problems in brazil at the time the film was set. Problems such as conflict and civil unrest had been overlooked by the Brazilian government for a long time. an example of a scene that captures the serious gritty tone of the film would be the scene where lil ze shoots the children as it was very rare to see child violence in films.

Visual style: The colour grading in the film is split into 2 different sections. in the first section the colours are toned more lighter and softer to match the narrative of the film. IN the second section the colours are toned as darker and sharper to match the narrative at that point in time such as during the war between lil ze and carrots gangs.

Technological: The creatures seen in pans labyrinth are created using minimal amounts of CGI, clever consume designs and use of a green screen. Del Toro wanted to uses minimal CGI is it would make the Creatures in the fanatical world look and move more realistically.

Historical: With the film being set in 1944 this would be set during the start of Francisco Franco’s rule as dictator of Spain. Del Toro arguably based or took inspiration from this figure when creating Capitan Vidal. Both being heavily corrupt and sexist toward certain individuals.

Social: During the time pans labyrinth was set women were seen as inferior to men and were given housekeeping jobs. We se this with Mercedes and the other cooking staff and how they are all women.

Political: The film is set a few years after the Spanish civil war in which Captain Vidal takes the role of The fascist Spanish government.

Institutional – Pan’s Labyrinth was directed by Guillermo del Toro and made a profit of 37 million dollars. this would bee regarded as a box office success

Representation of gender- In Pans Labyrinth men are represented as superior while women are represented as inferior. we see this with the relationship between Vidal and Ofelia where Vidal gives all the orders to Ofelia and other characters such as Mercedes. This presents men as dominant and superior. Ofelia and other characters follow Vidal’s orders without hesitation presenting women as inferior and powerless. This is until Mercedes rebels against Vidal cutting him and running away. This flips the power of genders as Ofelia starts to rebel against Vidal as well by stealing the baby.

Aesthetics– The use of gender status would make things more realistic as it would be relevant to the time the film was set. This is because at the time the film was set only men were sent out to battle or had roles in the army and women were seen as cleaners or cookers which is what we see here.

Blocking a scene is simply “working out the details of an actor’s moves in relation to the camera.

staging is the process of selecting designing adapting or modifying the performance space for a play of film