Camera obscura is when the rays of light pass through a small hole into a dark space and shows an image where they hit the surface, which makes in an inverted and reversed projection of the view outside. And because this camera obscura uses a lens, which creates a relatively large aperture, you get a sharp, colourful image on the paper.
Nicephore Niepce
Nicephore Niepce was the first person to make camera obscura a permanent image, which is now the oldest photograph ever made. However he was unwilling to give any specific details about how he made the photo, therefore the royal society rejected it. Then before he suddenly passed away he gave his specimens to Baure.
enhanced version of Nicephore Niepces first photo
Henry Fox Talbot
Cameraless images were another version of photography. He used a sheet of fine writing paper, coated with salt and brushed with a solution of silver nitrate, Henry Talbot found that the paper would darkened in the sun. He set a pressed leaf or plant on a piece of sensitized paper, covered it with a sheet of glass, and set it in the sun. If it was light outside the paper darkened, but wherever the plant blocked the light, it remained white. This is now called photogenic drawing.
The mousetraps are sturdy little wooden boxes with a brass tube housing a lens at one end, and a sliding wooden panel at the other. Into the wooden panel at the back Talbot would stick a piece of normal writing paper that he had made chemically sensitive to light. On some you can still see the traces where successive pieces of paper have been stuck in place.
However, While Talbot quietly continued his experiments, he discovered that he had a rival. In January 1839, Louis Daguerre was finding own method for fixing the shadows.
Daguerreotype
Daguerreotype is a direct-positive process, creating a highly detailed image on a sheet of copper plated with a thin coat of silver without the use of a negative. The process required great care. The silver-plated copper plate had first to be cleaned and polished until the surface looked like a mirror. The daguerreotype process made it possible to capture the image seen inside a camera obscura and preserve it as an object. It was the first practical photographic process and ushered in a new age of pictorial possibility.
Richard Maddox
Richard Maddox invented lightweight gelatine negative plates for photography in 1871. photographers could use commercial dry plates off the shelf instead of having to prepare their own emulsions in a mobile darkroom. Negatives did not have to be developed immediately.
Ernst Hass was a colour photographer born in march 1921 in Vienna and died on 12th September 1986.
Just after the war Hass took up photography. After being recognised he started photographing for LIFE, Vogue, and Look. Ernst Hass’ parents always encouraged him to pursue his creative talents and gave him confidence to start his career in photography. He saw the world in colour, and refused to copy most photographers back then so started taking photos in colour. He bought his first camera at the age of 25 and since then he became an avid documentarian. He was the first person to publish a colour photo essay for LIFE in 1953 on Returning Prisoners of War. After that he joined the circle of celebrity photographers. They helped him to pursue his dreams.
AF (auto focus) is more typically used when taking photos as the camera will focus its self. MF (manual focus) is more effective when trying to get a specific light or focal point.
Aperture
the aperture setting controls the size of the lens opening that allows light into your camera. You can blur the foreground and background that bracket your subject (known as shallow depth of field) by opening up the aperture with a low f-stop number; alternatively, you can keep your photo sharp from the foreground through to the background (known as wide depth of field) by closing the aperture down with a high f-stop number.
Focal length
The focal length of a lens is the optical distance (mm) from the point where the light meets inside the lens to the camera’s sensor.
Depth of field
The photographer can change the settings on the camera in order to alter the amount of light entering the lens. This directly affects the depth of field of the subject being viewed
deep depth of field
medium depth of field
shallow depth of field
ralph Eugene Meatyard
Ralph Eugene Meatyard was a visionary photographer known for his dreamlike black & white photographs of family members in masks, elegant portraits of bohemian friends and radical experiments in abstraction. As he had an interest in Zen Buddhism it guided his intuitive process for making photographs
