photomontage is the process and the results of making a composite photograph by cutting, gluing, rearranging and over-lapping 2 or more photographs into one image.
Thomas Sauvin, is a French photography who used photo montage to display his images. In this image he has cut out different parts of the image and placed it on top of them.
Rembrandt Lighting is a technique for portrait photography named after Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, the great Dutch painter. It refers to a way of lighting a face so that an upside-down light triangle appears under the eyes of the subject.
Rembrandt lighting is where there is a triangle of light seen below the eye. Photographers use this lighting because it creates a dramatic yet natural image
Rembrandt lighting adds an element of drama and psychological depth to the character of your sitter. In portraiture, the eyes of your subject are nearly always the main point of focus. The triangle of light, placed just below the eye on the shadow side of the face, will increase the emphasis and the viewer really will be “drawn in” to your image.
Rembrandt lighting is extremely popular technique because it allows the photographer to create a dramatic image but yet also a natural image. Rembrandt usually is used to portray peoples moods through the image and usually has the effect of moodiness.
As you can see from this image, the lighting is behind the subject whilst taking the images. The subject in these images is a person and as you can see from this that the model has their body at an angle whilst the camera is straight on. There is also a reflector used at an angle on the left side of the model, and this makes ensures the shadow is less harsh which allows the triangle to appear.
Chiaroscuro lighting is a high-contrast lighting technique that utilises a low-key lighting setup to achieve contrast between the model and the dark background. Photographers use chiaroscuro lighting to highlight the model and create depth to the background.
Chiaroscuro is lighting used with portrait pictures to create a split of light and shadow. ( Italian for “lightdark”) and is defined as a bold contrast between light and dark. A certain amount of chiaroscuro is the effect of light modelling in painting where 3-dimensional volume is suggested by highlights and shadows. It first appeared in 15th century painting in Italy and Flanders, but true chiaroscuro developed during the 16th century, in Mannerism and it baroque art.
As you can see in the image above, to achieve the chiaroscuro lighting the subject needs to be facing straight in front of the camera and there needs to be a fill light on the right of the subject and a key-light to the right of the subject.
What is butterfly lighting ?
Butterfly lighting is a portrait lighting pattern where the key light is above the photographers camera to ensure that the light is pointing down on the subjects face. This creates a shadow under the subjects nose and creates an illusion of a butterfly under the nose.
Butterfly lighting is when there is a shadow on the face just below the nose shaped like a butterfly. It is a technique used by many photographers to achieve a very elegant and sophisticated image.
Why do photographers use it ?
Butterfly lighting is used for flattering and glamorous portrait photos. The lighting is usually soft on the face and an advantage of using this type of lighting is that it can be used on almost all faces and it is extremely easy to set up.
As you can see from this image of the setup, the lighting is placed above the camera with the subject in front of the camera facing forward. There is also a reflector underneath the models face which reflects the lighting upwards and helps to create the butterfly shadow underneath the nose. There is a plain backdrop behind the model to enhance the models face and to ensure that the model is the main focus of the photo. For Butterfly lighting you can use any coloured background as it doesn’t matter as long as there is a shadow underneath the nose of the model.
Studio Lighting is essential when trying to take a photoshoot as the camera needs to capture the lighting to create the image. It allows to create natural lighting effects in a variety of situations. There are multiple types of different lightings that photographers use during
Arnold Newman
Emotional –
Visual – The subject in the photo is a man who is the main focus. He is staring into the camera which makes the viewer feel intimidated. He is also wearing a black t shirt, he is tanned and he looks fairly old. This man is surrounded by a factory which looks like a train factory and I have inferred this because I can see there is a half made train and lots of different broken parts. Technical -There is a line of symmetry down the middle. There is also a slight blur as the further we look in the picture which makes the subject the main focus of the photo. The lighting is also placed art the front on each side of the man in the middle which makes the middle of the mans face fairly dark and makes the rest of the photo lit up by the lighting that is pointed towards it. Conceptual – Who cares that a picture is worth a thousand words when two can be worth a career change. Take the time a young Arnold Newman stumbled across a book of Theodore Roosevelt photos and two of them stuck out. “On the cover shot, which was supposed to represent him, he looked like an overstuffed walrus,” said Mr. Newman in a 1994 interview with The Boston Globe. “Inside there was a picture of him with his foot on a rhino, growling like mad. I thought, ‘My God, that is Teddy Roosevelt!’” Mr. Newman went on to photograph Eleanor Roosevelt, Pablo Picasso, Frank Lloyd Wright, Golda Meir, Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe, Salvador Dalí, and the former president Bill Clinton: decidedly on his own terms. There would be no overstuffed costume fittings or stark studios. Mr. Newman’s portraits were defined by his sitter’s environments, which led him to be known as the “father of the environmental portrait.” Contextual – In 1963 Arnold Newman took this picture of Alfred Krupp. Newman was Jewish and Krupp was a Nazi which made this photograph extremely unusual. Krupp admired Newman’s work and wanted Newman to take a photo of him, however when Newman told Krupp to lean forward, he put crossed his fingers and put his hands under his chin for his face to lean on which was his natural response when Newman told him what to do. Newman quickly took the photograph of Krupp like this and he hated it. Newman chose to keep this photograph as it showed Krupp’s true self as he looked extremely eerie and dark when he glared into the camera so harshly. This was Newman’s way of revenge as Krupp had disrespected his community in ways that can not be described.
Environmental portraits are used to portray people in their usual environment, such as their place of work. It fundamentally shows the subject’s life and the environment they are surrounded with on a day to day basis. The purpose of environmental portraits is to tell a person’s story via the background of the photo and the connections they have with these surroundings. In an environmental portrait you will often notice that the subject is making eye contact with the camera which portrays a strong portrait photo and also creates emotion from their facial expressions and their eye expression. The aim of an environmental portrait is to capture peoples interactions with their natural surroundings to tell a story that generates emotion for the viewers, and giving insight into where these people are from, what they do and who they are.
Arnold Newman was the first person to create an environmental portrait in 1918. Since then he has created several famous photographs that many people have taken interest in. He placed his subjects in surroundings that represent their profession, aiming to portray the subjects life and environment.
Typology
For this edit, I imported this picture onto photoshop to enable me to edit the picture,
My Photos
I took pictures in the studio using a DSLR camera and a studio light. I used artificial lighting for this photoshoot because this meant I could change the tone of the light to either a cool tone or a warm tone. I used different types of tools because I was inspired by Walker Evans and Darren Harvey-Regan. I used a hammer and clamp to achieve my inspired pictures. I also used book to experiment with a different composition.
I changed the aperture to create different levels of light during my photoshoot because my inspired artists’ used dull lighting and that’s what I was aiming to achieve when taking these photos.
I made sure there was a big white space around the tools as that is how Darren Harvey – Regan and Walker Evans framed their objects.
