Swindells started taking photographs while at university in Sheffield, inspired by a 1982 exhibition of Derek Ridgers’s nightclub portraits at the Photographers’ Gallery in London. After graduating, he moved to London and got a bar job in a club which he later got fired from for taking pictures. In 1985, he started taking club portraits. Since the early 80’s Dave Swindells has been documenting London’s most influential club, rave scenes and nightlife. As Time Out Clubs Editor from 1986 – 2009 he had exclusive access to nightlife and its shifts in youth culture, styles and attitudes. Dave Swindells captured on film what it meant to be raving during the late 80s and 90s. Starting off by taking sly photos on the dancefloor instead of working behind the bar, he quickly moved up in the world of nightlife press. Swindells remained Time Out’s Nightlife editor for over two decades, getting not only an insight into capital rave scenes over time but experiencing first-hand the birth of acid house.

In the case of acid house, overwhelming numbers of clubgoers defying the police to dance all night at huge, illegal parties eventually led after new laws failed to contain them to a gradual loosening of the draconian restrictions on both club opening hours and the sale and consumption of alcohol in the UK. These characteristics have also made the nightlife scene hard to record. There are technical issues for photographers in clubs, but also issues of trust. Swindells has been able to take candid pictures in clubs like Shoom because he made himself part of the culture by turning up night after night, year after year, bearing witness without ever being intrusive.

This is a mood board of my favourite Dave Swindells images. I have chosen these images because I like how there is a mixed variation of images, for example there are people who are posing and looking at the camera but there are also people that haven’t acknowledged it. These images show nightlife through the 80s and 90s and to me show a large difference is culture, fashion and styles from then compared to now, for example the hairstyles, outfits and behaviours. These are things you wouldn’t see in the youth culture now in clubs therefore I want to contrast this and show my own version of the youth culture nightlife in my photoshoot projects.

I have chosen to analyse this image of a man in a crowd of people who stands out from the other people. He is in the centre of the image making him the focus, also the bright pink jumper he is wearing makes him stand out compared to the crowd of everyone else wearing white and black. Another thing that stands out in this image is that everyone in this image is wearing denim jeans, this shows a large amount of the fashion at the time. To me this image represents the youth culture and fun during the 80s and 90s nightlife scene.

This image is of a group of people who are raving and partying in a nightclub. this image is different from the other one as the people have acknowledged the camera and are smiling at it. I liked this difference from some of the other images because it shows the reality of what would happen if people saw someone taking a picture of them, it shows that they are having fun and wanted to have their picture taken which is a realistic factor of going out with a camera and pointing it around when drunk people see it being positioned their way, they will probably smile.

Vinca Petersen is a British photographer and artist. Her photography book No System documents her life in the 1990s travelling around Europe with sound systems, putting on free parties. Her pictures began as a visual diary, documenting her leaving home at seventeen, moving into a London squat and becoming involved in the free party scene that grew across Europe in the 1990s. In the UK, free parties grew out of the rave explosion of 1989 when crowds of up to twenty-five thousand people would gather in the English countryside for illegal all-night events fuelled by MDMA and techno music. Petersen had become involved in this scene while still in her teens in London. They wandered through France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, the Netherlands and Germany, banding together with other sound systems to put on huge parties in remote countryside locations in the summer, then separating to seek out smaller, more urban venues, such as empty warehouses, when the weather got colder. The resulting pictures are intimate and warm, celebrating the travellers without romanticizing them. Petersen shows the damage as well as the highs of drug use, the litter and destruction the travellers left, as well as the euphoria of their parties. 

This is a mood board of my favourite pictures from Vinca Petersen’s book ‘No System’. To me they document a lot of information from her travels around Europe, for example their party habits and waking up the next morning feeling rough and repeating it everyday for years. The journal entries provide information on how she was feeling and documenting what has happened that night or day which I find intriguing because it is a completely different life as they don’t have any rules where they are and completely free, compared to the party and rave scene now where you don’t hear much about illegal parties and raves in the countryside.

In an article written by Sheryl Garrat she says “The travellers played what Petersen describes as a constant game of cat and mouse with the police. As a result, they were wary of outsiders, especially those taking pictures.” This shows Vinca Petersen’s passion for photography as she was willing to get in trouble from her fellow travellers for taking images of their lives and parties. The article also states how Petersen’s images “have been taken by an insider. Working with small, inconspicuous cameras, she sometimes didn’t even look through the viewfinder before clicking the shutter; other times she’d leave a camera on a bar overnight and retrieve it in the morning to see what had been recorded.”

I chose to analyse this image of two men at a DJ stand because it shows the life they were living while they were travelling. The DJ stand being covered by different materials shows the little/no money that they had within their travelling lifestyle as they had little money to afford proper shelter and they probably moved to a different location after this day. This image was taken during the day because it has natural lighting and no artificial lighting as she is a documentary photographer and it was taken in somewhere like a forest or countryside as they only went to remote locations, otherwise they could easily get caught by the police. This image doesn’t romanticize the travelling and party lifestyle as it doesn’t make it look appealing, the image looks dirty and rough but also free. The main feeling that is presented in Vinca Petersen’s book ‘No System’ is freedom, it is shown all throughout the book and I can see it a lot in this image with the countryside background and knowing the backstory and facts about the book it makes me see it even more.

I have chosen to analyse this image of a person asleep in a countryside field because it represents the freedom and euphoria that they experienced while they were travelling around Europe with their sound systems drinking alcohol and taking drugs. This could either be an aftermath of a night that they had or just someone relaxing in a field of tranquillity. The image shows little about what has happened to lead up to it, but knowing that the book is set on them travelling and partying around Europe you can add up what the story of this image is.

Mind Map

Mood Board

As photography began with the Camera Obscura dated back to 4th century BC and known as an ancient building block for photography where an image is reflected into a dark room upside down using only natural light, which is still used by photographers to this day. It was then developed by French photographer Nicephor Niépce in 1822 who is named the father of photography, his first photograph was a view from his window in Burgundy, France. He used a sheet of pewter coated with bitumen, which required at least 8 hours of exposure time. Painter Louis Daguerre heard about this achievement and he decided to partner with Niépce. Daguerre continued to develop with the process by using silver-plated copper sheets and mercury vapor. As he continued to develop this process, Daguerre was able to reduce the exposure time.

After the death of Niépce in 1833, Daguerre concentrated his attention on the light-sensitive properties of silver salts. For the process which was eventually named the daguerreotype, he exposed a thin silver-plated copper sheet to the vapour given off by iodine crystals, producing a coating of light-sensitive silver iodide on the surface. The plate was then exposed in the camera. Initially, this process also required a very long exposure to produce a distinct image, but Daguerre made the crucial discovery that an invisibly faint “latent” image created by a much shorter exposure could be chemically “developed” into a visible image. The Daguerreotypes, introduced in Paris in 1839, process made it possible to capture the image seen inside a camera obscura and preserve it as an object, they were usually portrait and the rarer, landscape ones were more expensive. Typically Daguerreotypes would be used for recording many other images such as documentary subjects, antiquities, still lives and remarkable events.

In the same year of 1839 William Henry Fox Talbot invented the calotype process. Calotype is an early photographic process, using paper coated with silver iodide. Paper texture effects in calotype photography limit the ability of this early process to record low contrast details and textures. Despite their flexibility and the ease with which they could be made, calotypes did not replace the daguerreotype. The calotype produced a less clear image than the daguerreotype. The texture of the paper was visible in prints made from it, making an image that was grainy or blurry compared to daguerreotypes, which were usually clear.

A daguerreotype would be seen as a window image as they document reality through the photographs and portraits of real people. A calotype would been seen as a mirror image as they can be manipulated as they weren’t typically used for documenting portraits of people and can be taken of anything as they were easier and cheaper. Using one of Szarkowski’s quotes ‘is it a mirror, reflecting a portrait of the artist who made it, or a window, through which one might better know the world?”

Mirror Image

This image is a mirror image as it has been highly edited and manipulated. I have chosen to analyse this image as I think there is a lot to talk about where every part of the image has been edited in some sort of way, for example the woman has been edited onto a stack of wooden blocks and reflected the same image on both sides. The body has been put on two sides of the blocks and one side has got a combination of black and white blocks where the body is shown more in the black parts and in the white parts the body is much lighter and almost transparent. On the other side where all the blocks are black and the body is also a more transparent figure yet is more visible and more obviously a body than the side that has a combination of black and white. The artist could have seen this image as a way to express the same body but differently, The two different colours on each side of the blocks could reflect on how the artist is feeling like feeling seen in different situations and referred to on the blocks. “The distance between them is to be measured not in terms of the relative force or originality of their work” I agree with this quote about photographs because it tells you that a photograph isn’t just about the originality of the picture its about how they do it and what the story behind the photo is whether its reality or made up and romanticized.

Window Image

Rafal Milach, ICELAND, Saudakrokur, 2010, Annual horse gathering country ball.

I think this image is a window image as it has been taken of three people clearly under the influence. This Image to me is objective, shows realism and presents the effects of alcohol is young adults. This would be a window image as it is not staged and is taken authentically of three adults, one asleep or resting on the table and two kissing. This could also be seen as a more subjective image and therefore a mirror image but I think the realism of this proves otherwise. The actions that these adults are presenting can clearly show the influence of alcohol. a quote that I think goes well with this image from John Szarkowski’s thesis would be “The distance between them is to be measured not in terms of the relative force or originality of their work, but in terms of their conceptions of what a photograph is: is it a mirror, reflecting a portrait of the artist who made it, or a window, through which one might better know the world?” I agree with the quote because photographs can be objective where the subjects in the photo are real and representing what is in the image clearly with realism and truth or subjective where you get to make up a story and choose what the story is behind the image. “generous and inclusive acceptance of fact, objective structure,” and that the selection among these facts is the romantic, personal opposite built into any photograph of merit.” This quote from Jed Pearls review argues with John Szarkowski’s thesis that an image is either a window or mirror is argued from Jed Pearl that photographs all have romanticism included and that each photography has their own subjective story as it is personal to the photographer and each person that looks at it.

I think that John Szarkowski’s theory and Jed Pearls review has made sense of the idea of window and mirror images and has been put together well where John Szarkowski had put his idea out and Pearl has reviewed it and made it make sense. The difference between mirror and window images are that the mirror image has been manipulated and edited highly whereas the window hasn’t and is authentic. The subjectivity behind the mirror image is in the imagination of the people who sees it and has a selective story behind it. Whereas the window image has got truth behind it and is objective as there is what is in the image and that is it. “an evolution from public to private concerns and at the same time a potential toward either self-expression or exploration in the unique sensibility of each photographer” Is a quote Jed pearl used in his review of Szarkowski’s thesis and I think it has value towards what the thesis is getting across with mirror and window images as both include the photographers vision where a mirror is a reflection of the photographer and a window is what the photographer sees as objective and real where he wants to document the message they try to get across.

Is it a mirror, reflecting a portrait of the artist who made it, or a window, through which one might better know the world? – John Szarkowski

What are the differences between photographs that are Mirrors and Windows?

The difference between mirror and window photography is a mirror is a romantic expression of the photographer’s sensibility as it projects itself on the things and sights of this world. A mirror image is staged and subjective, they reflect the photographer and therefore called a mirror image. A window photograph is a photograph that shows realism and are objective. They are called window images because they show what is real in the image, like looking out of a window.

Key Words

Mirrors: Romanticism, Subjective, Naturalistic,  Fiction, Tableaux, Reflective, Personal, Internal

Windows: Authentic, Objective, Documentary, Realism, Candid, Public, External, Truthful

Binary Opposites

Inside / Outside

Subject / Object

Staged / Candid

Fiction / Non-Fiction

Image Analysis

I have created a gallery for my favourite images because I can’t fit them all into one gallery so I put the images that best fit and look best together into one gallery.

I chose to put these images together in my gallery because they are the ones that I have put together in my zine and because they all are in black and white so in my opinion they look good together in the gallery.

Evaluation

Overall, I think my zine creates a good idea about the harbour and maritime history in jersey because of my different selection of images of and around the harbour throughout my zine. What could have improved my zine is if there were images of the maritime museum which could have added more diversity in my zine but they were my least favourite and didn’t have the best quality out of all the pictures that I took.

Front Page:

I chose this image of fishermen’s storage rooms as my first page. I did this because it creates a sense of mystery and intrigue. I knew I wanted this because I knew I wanted to have the front page and the back page to correspond with each other and I thought this image was interesting as my front page as your not too sure what is inside the zine yet causing the person to be interested.

First page:

The first page of my zine I did two pictures straight across from each other of people working in and around the harbour. I put these two images together because both include people working with fish/sea animals within the same area just doing two different jobs. The left image of a fish shop showing the workers and the fish they sell and the right image being of a man working with big crayfish and some other sea animals that you can’t see in the image. I chose to put both pictures straight across from each other because it looked clean with both pictures being in black and white creating the sleek look that I wanted with my zine.

Second page:

For the second page I chose two pictures of fishermen’s storage rooms, one angled down through all of them and one more upfront of one store room. The image on the left page shows all the lockers as if you were standing and looking straight through them. The image of the right page shows one storage room with wellies hanging from the door, this shows that the old lockers that have been used for hundreds of years are still being used today by fishermen. I wanted these pictures in my zine because they resembled the front and back of the zine but these ones are in colour, you cant see the colour in the front and back page apart from the red I kept in them. I originally had these two pictures straight across from each other but it looked boring as I have done that for other pages as well so I put the left picture at the bottom and the right picture at the top for more structure in the zine but still looks clean and sleek.

Third page:

The third page of my zine consists of two images of boats. The image on the left page is of one singular boat with low tide visibly in the image. The left image also creates a sense of mystery as the main feature of the image is the boat alone with the back of another boat being in the image you can’t tell if its just them two or more boats around them. The right image shows more boats lined and propped up on wooden beams with no water around. Both images look like they could have been taken a while ago because of the boats within them. These images, in my opinion go well together because both include the visibility of how old the harbour is and how one boat can have lots of space and within a 5 minute walk boats can be cramped together.

Fourth page:

I chose this image of a hill going down towards the boats with lots of buildings in the background because Its different to my other images because non of the others have this kind of perspective of being at sea and looking onto land and at the same time it blends in well with my other images as it carries the same older and vintage aesthetic. I put one large landscape image across two pages in my zine and made the image go all the way to the end of the margin lines I created so it was a full bleed photo. I wanted a couple of these in my zine because I like the way it looks and contrasts to other pictures in my zine that have borders or don’t completely fill the page.

Fifth page:

For the fifth page I put two pictures in colour of boats. I did the left page smaller and with a border and my other one full bleed to create a nice contrast effect where one has a border and the other is full bleed. I liked this compared to my other pages with two images on that are the same size and either straight across or diagonal. These two images contrast with every other image in this photo but I like how it is different and adds a big pop of colour throughout my zine compared to all the other black and white or beige coloured images. These two images were taken on the other side of the harbour from the others with all the more modern and newer boats so I thought it would be best to leave these in colour.

Sixth page:

I chose these pictures of wall art across the harbour to be in my zine because it creates a different aesthetic compared to all the boats and other harbour related images in the zine where they are all of actual real things whereas these images are of art on a wall. I put these in black and white and diagonal from each other similar to my fishermen’s store rooms for more effect and structure throughout the zine.

Seventh page:

For the final page I chose this picture of a seagull. I originally had this image with the two wall art pictures but I put it on its own page because it looked squished when I put all three on one page. I made this full bleed because I wanted to have all my pages with one picture on the be full bleed and I thought it looked cool that the bird spread across two pages. I chose the bird to continue the aesthetic of mystery throughout my zine.

Back Page:

I chose this as the back page because it goes with the front cover but from a different angle. I did it like this because I liked the effect it created on the back and front of the zine where it’s the same picture and location but at a different angle. It makes the zine tell a story like the front you are going through the store rooms and then throughout the zine two more pictures of the lockers show up, one of an actual store room and then finally you reach the opposite end of the rooms like you reach the end of the zine.

At the maritime museum and along the harbour I took a total of 554 images and I flagged it down to 152 of the best images I took.

After I went through the images I flagged as my favourite I then narrowed it down again and then selected the ones that I will edit and coloured them green.

Final Edits

I have chosen to group these images because they go together well as they all have boats and the sea in each of their images. I chose to edit these in black and white because they look older, especially the first one where the boats are propped on wooden beams. The last and biggest image is of three boats with buildings in the background. The perspective is like your at sea looking onto land which I liked compared to my other images where it looks like you are on land looking out to sea.

In these images are the lockers for fishermen. The first image was taken in the French harbour and the other two of these are taken nearer at the English harbour. I decided to keep these in colour as I liked the way the red looked with the original rusty colour of the area.

These images are the same as the ones above but I decided to experiment with the colour tools on Lightroom. To do this I went to the saturation section and turned all the colours down to -100 and kept the red at 0 or turned it up a bit more as it is the main colour in the pictures to make it stand out.

These two images I chose to pair together is because they are both of people at work. These two images correspond together well because all the people are working with fish at the harbour. I edited both of these in black and white and made both images darker where blacks are more prominent than whites. I chose to edit it this way so there was clear definition in each image and I liked the way the black and white looked in the working environment.

For these images I chose to experiment on Lightroom. I took these of a fishing boat at the harbour. I edited these images in black and white apart from the green popping out on the boat and around the image. To do this I went on Lightroom and turned the saturation down on all colours apart from green. I chose green as the only colour in this photo as it was the most prominent and eye-catching colour in the original, unedited image.

I started off with 60 pictures in total of and around the harbour.

After I flagged the pictures I liked I had 40 pictures remaining I then rated my images and edit them from that selection.

Edits

I edited these images in a similar way so that I could combine them all together. They all have a similar vibe for example I edited the water so the images are all the same shade of dark blue or green and the sky appearing moody. The top three images all feature boats ,centred in the middle, and so they complement each other well. The main image I have selected is of the pier with no boats in the image, I chose this as my main image because it is different from the other three where there are no boats just the pier making it feel dark.

For this selection of images I chose two wall art images along one of the piers at the harbour and one image of a seagull. I edited these in black and white as I liked the way each photo contrasted with each other. I turned up texture and clarity slightly to show more details in the wall art images. For the main image I have chosen this picture of a seagull. I cropped the image so that it was centred and in the middle. I turned down clarity and texture and turned up shadows and blacks to make it look less emphasised and more like a shadow. The overcast sky in each of these pictures creates a nice contrast with each subject.