Identity Politics
Identity politics is a political or social activity by or on behalf of a racial, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender, or other group which feel a sense of unfairness due to their differences or conflicts between their particular identity
The term was coined by the Combahee River Collective in 1977. Identity politics signifies a wide range of political activity and focuses on shared experiences of injustice of members of certain social groups. Recently, in the 20th century, there was been many political movements such as feminism, Black Civil Rights in the U.S., gay and lesbian liberation, and the American Indian movements.
Identity politics aims to eliminate negative stereotypes of certain identities where the people affect try to regain the respect that should be shown towards their identities.
Culture Wars
Cultural wars is a conflict or struggle for dominance between groups within a society or between societies, arising from their differing beliefs, practices, etc. Culture wars have said to be caused by are created or perpetuated by political special interest groups, by reactionary social movements, by party dynamics, or by electoral politics as a whole. A culture war is about social policy wedge issues that are based on abstract arguments about values, morality, and lifestyle meant to provoke political cleavage in a multicultural society.
The language of “culture wars” was first popularised by James Davison Hunter in the early 1990s to describe the tension that had emerged from conflicting worldwide views. The term was able to make more people aware of culture. Culture wars are usually described attitudinal polarisation towards issues such as abortion, same-sex marriage and gun control, which tend to have either a strong moral or values basis, or capture changing norms.
