How does it function?

Aperture is like the “pupil” for your camera system. It opens and closes to alter the amount of light that passes through.

How does it effect depth of field?

Depth of field determines which parts of your photo are in focus and aperture lets you control that. A wide aperture gives you a shallow depth of field (only the foreground is sharp) A narrow aperture gives you a deeper depth of field (everything is sharp).

Object images

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For these images we used a narrow aperture giving it a deep depth of field to ensure the whole image was in focus. If we had widened the aperture the background would be out of focus and the objects would still be clear.