Exposure bracketing is a technique used in low light conditions which allows a photographer to ensure that they will definitely capture every aspect of the image without under or overexposing it.
This is done by taking more than one image (typically three), with one being overexposed, one correctly exposed and the other being underexposed. This allows all light levels that are detectable by the human eye to be shown in the image when all the exposures are blended together.
This can be done automatically in the camera’s settings or manually with control of the shutter speed, moving it up or down in increments.
Here are some examples taken with the manual method in school.
And here are some taken with the automatic method, which only takes three exposures in one go.