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Case studies – Anthropocene

Edward Burtynsky

Edward Burtynsky is regarded as one of the world’s most accomplished contemporary photographers. His remarkable photographic depictions of global industrial landscapes represent over 40 years of his dedication to bearing witness to the impact of humans on the planet.

Burtynsky was born in 1955 of Ukrainian heritage in St. Catharine’s, Ontario. In 1985, he founded Toronto Image Works, a darkroom rental facility, custom photo laboratory, digital imaging and new media computer-training centre catering to all levels of Toronto’s art community.

Early exposure to the sites and images of the General Motors plant in his hometown helped to formulate the development of his photographic work. His imagery explores the collective impact we as a species are having on the surface of the planet; an inspection of the human systems we’ve imposed onto natural landscapes. 

Burtynsky stated “Nature transformed through industry is a predominant theme in my work. I set course to intersect with a contemporary view of the great ages of man; from stone, to minerals, oil, transportation, silicon, and so on. To make these ideas visible I search for subjects that are rich in detail and scale yet open in their meaning. Recycling yards, mine tailings, quarries and refineries are all places that are outside of our normal experience, yet we partake of their output on a daily basis.”

“These images are meant as metaphors to the dilemma of our modern existence; they search for a dialogue between attraction and repulsion, seduction and fear. We are drawn by desire – a chance at good living, yet we are consciously or unconsciously aware that the world is suffering for our success. Our dependence on nature to provide the materials for our consumption and our concern for the health of our planet sets us into an uneasy contradiction. For me, these images function as reflecting pools of our times.”

Edward Burtynsky

Camilo Jose Vergara

Camilo José Vergara is a Chilean-born, New York-based writer, photographer and documentarian.

Vergara has been compared to Jacob Riis for his photographic documentation of American slums and decaying urban environments. Beginning in the 1980s, Vergara applied the technique of rephotography to a series of American cities, photographing the same buildings and neighborhoods from the exact vantage point at regular intervals over many years to capture changes over time. Trained as a sociologist with a specialty in urbanism, Vergara turned to his systematic documentation at a moment of urban decay, and he chose locales where that stress seemed highest: the housing projects of Chicago; the South Bronx of New York City; Camden, New Jersey; and Detroit, Michigan, among others.

Camilo Jose Vergara stated “For more than four decades I have devoted myself to photographing and documenting the poorest and most segregated communities in urban America. I feel that a people’s past, including their accomplishments, aspirations and failures, are reflected less in the faces of those who live in these neighborhoods than in the material, built environment in which they move and modify over time.”

Andrew Moore

Andrew Moore is an American photographer who is widely acclaimed for his photographic series, usually taken over many years, which record the effect of time on the natural and built landscape. He is known for large format color photographs and the series he created include work made in Cuba, Russia and Ukraine, Bosnia, Times Square, Detroit, The Great Plains, and most recently, the American South.

Andrew Moore published many of his own photographic collections such as Blue Alabama, Dirt Meridian, Detroit Disassembled, Cuba, Russia: Beyond Utopia and Inside Havana

Cuba
Detroit
Detroit
Detroit
Detroit
Russia/Ukraine
Cuba
Dirt Meridian
Cuba

Yves Marchand & Romain Meffre

William Livingstone house, Brush Park, 2006
Fisher Body 21 Plant, 2007
Roosevelt Warehouse, Public Schools Book Depository, 2007
Spooner theater, Bronx, NY, 2009
Gunkanjima
Gunkanjima

Marchand (b.1981) and Meffre (b.1987) live and work in Paris. Initially pursuing photography individually, they met online in 2002 and started working together with the beginning of their Detroit project in 2005. They met through a mutual interest in contemporary ruins.

They both completed a number of critically acclaimed series including Theaters (2005 – ongoing), which was born out of the time they spent in Detroit. Noticing the sorry state of many of the movie theatres they came across, Marchand and Meffre discovered and documented abandoned movie theatres across America that had either fallen into decay or been transformed entirely. Many of the theatres date back from the Golden Age of film and the stories told through these images act as a fascinating documents of American history.

Their work has been exhibited extensively throughout Europe and has been featured in the New York Times, The Guardian, The British Journal of Photography, Time Magazine, amongst others.

Yves Marchand & Romain Meffre

Aaron Siskind

Aaron Siskind was an American photographer whose work focuses on the details of things, presented as flat surfaces, to create a new image independent of the original subject.

He was also best known for his black-and-white, close range, and aerial photos of surfaces and objects. With the transformative properties of monochromes and their lack of scale or context, Siskind’s photos can seem both sculptural and vast or diminutive and painterly.

I particularly like Aaron Siskind’s work as it is so textured and interestingly shot. The abstract photographs make it difficult to decipher what he is actually capturing when he takes these shots, as each photo is incredibly close up and highlights the textures that we don’t easily notice at first glance.

Aaron Siskind

ANTHROPOCENE Moodboard + Mindmap

Mood board:

A Cure for Anthropocene - Photographs by George Marazakis | Essay by Cat  Lachowskyj | LensCulture
Age of Man: Enter the Anthropocene | National Geographic Society

Mindmap:

Mood board for places in Jersey:

I particularly like photographing places that include very industrial aspects or places that look deserted and desolate. They aren’t particularly aesthetically pleasing compared to typical stunning sceneries, but I find them to have a very unique beauty to them. They show off the beauty of destruction created by mankind and animals included, showing that we need to push forward for changes.

Anthropocene

What is Anthropocene?

Anthropocene is the current geological age, viewed as the period during which human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and the environment.

The word combines the root “anthropo”, meaning “human” with the root “-cene”, the standard suffix for “epoch” in geologic time.

The Anthropocene is distinguished as a new period either after or within the Holocene, the current epoch, which began approximately 10,000 years ago (about 8000 BC) with the end of the last glacial period.

Edward Burtynsky, a very well known photographer for his Anthropocene photography collection, stated that “These were the naturally occurring phenomena governing life’s ebb and flow. Now it is becoming clear that humankind, with its population explosion, industry, and technology, has in a very short period of time also become an agent of immense global change.”

Edward Burtynsky
Edward Burtynsky
Edward Burtynsky

What does Anthropocene mean to photography?

Edward Burtynsky introduced “The Anthropocene Project” which he presented as being a multidisciplinary body of work combining fine art photography, film, virtual reality, augmented reality, and scientific research to investigate human influence on the state, dynamic, and future of the Earth. 

These themes are presented in visual aspects so that a larger impact is brought across among the public as they’re physically seeing the problem. Writing as such makes it slightly harder to believe that these environmental problems are true, whilst imagery is a lot more powerful due to it displaying actual footage that these people have seen.

Many other photographers take the approach of not actually photographing real like images, but instead taking something damaging from the environment, and including it into the photography in a way that brings forth a harmful image to show what our world is becoming.

Steven Gallagher 
Barry Rosenthal
Jerremy Carroll 

Keld Helmer-Petersen – Editing technique

Kel Hermer-Peterson is a photographer who was more well known for taking photographs of more urban/industrial landscapes and in time, ended up developing a graphic black and white aesthetic which was manipulated into his photography.

He grew increasingly experimental, engaging in abstract studies of light in urban spaces as well as in the darkroom. He turned silhouettes and fragments of wires and steel constructions into rhythmic, dynamic patterns. Upon his return to Copenhagen, he continued in this graphic style, finding the steel world of Chicago reflected in harbour areas and railways. A collection of his impressions from Chicago were published in the significant book ‘Fragments of a city’ in 1960. 

Keld Helmer-Petersen
Keld Helmer-Petersen
Keld Helmer-Petersen

He studied the graphic and abstract effects of a photograph in particular. He was self-taught and studied technical manuals, journals and photobooks, like ‘Die Welt ist Schö’n from 1928 by the German photographer Albert Renger-Patzsch.

He also found inspiration in the radical image experiments during the interwar period, the avant-garde photography during the Bauhaus period and the American Straight Photography. Throughout his life he maintained a strong interest in international trends, not just photography – but also art, literature, film, music and architecture. However, he wasn’t only inspired by them, but also collaborated and socialised with architects, artists, writers and musicians as a natural part of his work as a photographer. 

Before and after edits of my photography in the style of Keld Helmer-Petersen

What I did here with my edits that were inspired by Keld Helmer-Petersens work, was I opened up the image of my choice onto photoshop, I went over to ‘Image’, I clicked on ‘Threshold’, and I then adjusted the threshold to my liking until I was able to capture a very similar looking aesthetic to that of Helmer-Peterson.

before
after
before
after
before
after
before
after

Final outcomes:

Photo editing – Urban photography

before

What I did here with this photo was I cropped it first so that one of the tanks would be central to the entire piece and be presented singular instead of with the other tanks. I then went ahead and edited the colour by putting on one of the black and white filters, choosing either the low contrast or high contrast filters and adjusted the contrast, shadows, highlights and exposure to my liking.

after
before
after

For this image, I have cropped it ever so slightly so that the narrow walkway becomes more obvious and more focused upon in the image. I then edited the colour in the exact same way as every other piece I have produced. Black and white filter with a few adjustments.

before
after

Photoshoot 1

————- Contact sheets ————-

Here are all my images from my first photoshoot

————- Rejected and flagged images ————-

Flagged images:

———— Colour coded and star rated images ————

Some of my best images:

Case studies

Bernd Becher and Hilla Becher

Hilla Becher was a German artist born in 1931 in Siegen, Germany. She was one half of a photography duo with her husband Bernd Becher. For forty years, they photographed disappearing industrial architecture around Europe and North America.

They began collaborating together in 1959 after meeting at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf in 1957. Bernd originally studied painting and then typography, whereas Hilla had trained as a commercial photographer. After two years collaborating together, they married.

Industrial structures including water towers, coal bunkers, gas tanks and factories. Their work had a documentary style as their images were always taken in black and white. Their photographs never included people.

They exhibited their work in sets or typologies, grouping of several photographs of the same type of structure. The are well known for presenting their images in grid formations. 

Sze Tsung Leong

Sze Tsung Nicolás Leong is a British-Mexican-American artist, born in Mexico City. He is currently based in Los Angeles.

Leong’s work includes the series Cities, a detailed depiction of urban formations throughout the globe, from medieval towns to recent constructions, that together form a picture of the world at this particular moment in time at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Horizons, an international collection of images of natural terrains and urban landscapes that considers the relationships between far and near, foreign and familiar; and History Images, which examines the erasure of history and the reshaping of society through the built environment.

Sze Tsung Nicolás Leong

These photographs in ‘History Images‘ are of histories, in the form of cities in China, either being destroyed or created at this juncture in time. They are of past histories, in the form of traditional buildings and neighborhoods, urban fabrics, and natural landscapes, in the process of being erased. They are of the absence of histories, in the form of construction sites, built upon an erasure of the past so complete that one would never know a past had ever existed. And they are of the anticipation of future histories, yet to unfold, in the form of newly built cities.

Edward Burntsky

Edward Burtynsky is regarded as one of the world’s most accomplished contemporary photographers. His remarkable photographic depictions of global industrial landscapes represent over 40 years of his dedication to bearing witness to the impact of humans on the planet.

Early exposure to the sites and images of the General Motors plant in his hometown helped to formulate the development of his photographic work. His imagery explores the collective impact we as a species are having on the surface of the planet; an inspection of the human systems we’ve imposed onto natural landscapes. 

Other artists I liked:

Thomas Struth:

Wagnerstrasse
Düsseldorf –
1979
Dublin Meuse
Edinburgh –
1987
Alley near Yuanfang Lu
Shanghai –
1995
Crosby Street
New York –
1978
Via Vannella Gaetani
Naples –
1988
Coenties Slip
New York –
1978
Yamaguchi
Yamaguchi –
1986
The Loop towards Dearborn Street
Chicago –
1990

Donovan Wylie:

British Watchtowers
The Maze/Long Kesh Prison: Sterile, Phase 1 – 2003
New Haven, Connecticut –
2014
New Haven, Connecticut –
2015