PICTORIALISM

time period :

1880-1920s

Key characteristics/ conventions :

Photography wasn’t being taken seriously as an art form as it originally derived from the need to document science, as a result artists started mimicking paintings through their photography to add on an artistic element.

Artists associated:

• Clarence H. White
• John Everett Millais
• JMW Turner

Key works:

Methods/ techniques/ processes:

Vaseline on lense, madrk room image manipulation, scratching and marking print.

REALISM / STRAIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY

Time period:

1904 – 1930s

Key characteristics/ conventions :

Attempts to depict a scene or subject sharply, in detail, just like the camera sees it without post manipulation.

Artists associated:

• Ansel Adams
• Edward Weston
• Bernice Abbott

Key works:

Methods/ techniques/ processes:

Producing sharp images without manipulation.

MODERNISM

Time period:

1840 – 1960s

Key characteristics/ conventions :

focused on industrialisation and new issues rather than victorian values, producing original abstract or surreal images.

Artists associated:

• Claude Cahun
• Pablo Picasso
• Georgia O’Keefe

Key works:

Methods/ techniques/ processes:

Photomontage, experimentation, abstraction.

POST-MODERNISM

Time period:

1960s – 1970s

Key characteristics/ conventions :

Reaction and criticism to values and ideas of modernism, sceptism, irony, phylosohical creteques of the concept of universal truths and objective reality.

Artists associated:

• William Eggleston
• Yasumasa Morimura
• Cindy Sherman

Key works:

Methods/ techniques/ processes:

Deliberate use of traditional styles, recycling work, parody, collaboration and many other.