Task 2 ~ Case Studies

Lewis Baltz was born in Newport Beach, California, on 12th September 1945. He studied at the San Francisco Art Institute, and received an MFA from the Claremont Graduate School in 1971 which he then worked as a freelance photographer in California to then he taught photography at various institutions such as the California Institute of the Arts, the University of California, Yale, the École Nationale Superieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris, and the Art Academy of Helsinki. Baltz was a visual artist and photographer who became an important figure in the New Topographics movement during the late 1970s. He wrote for many journals, and contributed regularly to L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, his work has been published in a number of books, presented in numerous exhibitions, and appeared in museums such as the Museum of Modern Art, Paris, Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and The Whitney Museum of American Art, New York. In 1973 and 1977 Lewis Baltz received National Endowment for the Arts grants and a Guggenheim Fellowship. Baltz has produced many projects on commission, among them The Nation’s Capital in Photographs for the Corcoran Gallery of Art and Near Reno for the Nevada State Arts Commission. Since the mid 1980s he has been based in Europe and travels extensively.

Image Analysis

The New Industrial Parks by Lewis Baltz (577PH) — Atlas of Places

In this image it shows a shallow tonal range as it focuses on the white tones rather than the black tones of the image except for the ground as it shows a black tone that is lightened.

The New Topographics – intro

New topographics was a term coined by William Jenkins in 1975 to describe a group of American photographers (such as Robert Adams and Lewis Baltz) whose pictures had a similar banal aesthetic, in that they were formal, mostly black and white prints of the urban landscape. Simply, new topographic images where known to be photographs of a man-altered landscape/urban landscapes. Examples below show some popular areas where these type of images can be found and where photo-shoots take place to capture urban landscapes…

More examples of New topographic images

The New Topographics

New topographics was a term coined by William Jenkins in 1975 to describe a group of American photographers (such as Robert Adams and Lewis Baltz) whose pictures had a similar banal aesthetic, in that they were formal, mostly black and white prints of the urban landscape. – Tate.org

SOME KEY NEW TOPOGRAPHIC PHOTOGRAPHERS

What was the new topographics a reaction to?

Their stark, beautifully printed images of this mundane but oddly fascinating topography was both a reflection of the increasingly suburbanised world around them, and a reaction to the tyranny of idealised landscape photography that elevated the natural and the elemental. – The Guardian

This means that the New Topographics was a reaction to the urbanization of the natural landscape. Many images display the juxtaposition between the newly built towns and buildings and the untouched nature in the background that has not yet been built on or changed.

Using Photo Archives

Here I have found a photograph from Jersey’s photograph archive, taken by Albert Smith, of people planting potatoes in the ploughed fields at L’Etacq. I will edit this image together with my own photograph taken from my rural landscape photoshoot, which displays the same setting of L’Etacq.

Case study; ROBERT ADAMS

Robert Adams is an American photographer whos mainly focused on the changing landscape of the American West. His work first started to get noticed in the mid-1970s through his own book The New West.

He has documented the extent and the limits of our damage to the American West, recording there, in over fifty books of pictures, both reasons to despair and to hope.

some examples of his photography;

my favourite image and analysis;

Robert Adams on Working at Home and Photography as Metaphor (2009) –  AMERICAN SUBURB X
robert adams 2009- name unknown

technical- This image has a range of different lighting, as it’s been taken in the night time this would mean there is no natural lighting. However a lamp and the moon are being over exposed in order to create warmer and lighter tones in the image overall. They’re the two brightest sections of the image therefore grab your attention right away. I assume flash has been used in this photo as it would need some sort of help brightening the image up. The contrast between the white house and extremely dark sky works very well together as it’s very sharp. However this image could have in fact been taken during the day time and that could be the sun peaking through the trees and Robert Adams has just turned the image into black and white. The image is very focused and has been taken from far away or maybe through a wider/longer lens.

Visual- This image is clearly taken in black and white or has been edited afterwards. There’s a variety of different tones, from extremely bright and white areas such as the moon and lamp on the house to dark, black/navy areas such as the sky and trees surrounding the house. This image doesn’t focus on shape or texture as it’s a landscape photograph. The house has been centered to the left of the image and the lamp and moon light are in line with each other but in a slanted upwards direction. The viewpoint of this image is straight on in order to capture more at once on a more flat level.

Contextual- there isn’t much history behind this image that Robert Adams took other than simply wanting to photograph the ‘beauty and insight’ of simple landscapes. This a famous quote of his when he talks about why he takes the photographs he does,” To want to make pictures is fundamentally to want to share something that you have seen of value, and that you suspect maybe people haven’t paid enough attention to. The American West has been my primary subject, particularly the landscape. They are frightening landscapes and the only way I can get over my own anxiety about them is to go and keep working.” – Robert Adams

Conceptual- I think there isn’t a deep meaning behind this image that Robert Adams took however I think he wanted people to appreciate the simple details in landscape photography. For example this small little white house that looks like it’s located in the middle of the woods, most people probably wouldn’t think much of it but in the night time when the moonlight shines over it , it makes you see it from a different side. The way Robert Adams edits his images also makes them more interesting to look at due to all the different tones in the image that make certain areas stand out a lot more.

THE NEW TOPOGRAPHICS

New topographics was a term coined by William Jenkins in 1975 to describe a group of American photographers. It was was an exhibition that symbolized a key moment in American landscape photography.

 The new topographics reactions were a reaction to the tyranny of the idealised landscape photography which emphasised the natural and the elemental.

New Topographics

New Topographics

“Mobile Homes, Jefferson County, Colorado” – Robert Adams (1973)

‘New Topographics’ are also widely known as photographs of a ‘Man-made landscape’, as they display the contrast of industrialisation into nature. This exhibition was curated by William Jenkins in the October of 1975. Jenkins recruited a group of landscape photographers including Robert Adams, Lewis Baltz, Joe Deal, Frank Gholke, Nicholas Nixon, John Schott, Stephen Shore and Henry Wessel Jr. He also later invited the German couple, Bernd and Hilla Becher. The New Topographics movement projects the beauty of industrialism incorporating into the natural world, the exhibition had very mixed reviews by the public and some saw the art as a juxtaposing, pleasant view on landscapes with the mixing of industrialism and nature, whereas others believed it proved that industrialisation is ruining the natural beauty of the planet.

Examples of New Topographics

Bernd Becher and Hilla Becher, ‘Pitheads’ 1974
‘Pitheads’ – Bernd Becher and Hilla Becher (1974)
‘The New West’ – Robert Adams (1974)
‘Untitled View (Boulder City)’ – Joe Deal (1974)

The movement of New Topographics was created almost in retaliation to the romanticism movement, that was popularised by artists such as Ansel Adams. The group of photographers wanted to photograph against the tradition of landscape of photography, that romanticism made unrealistic to the modern human eye.

The new topographics

New topographics was a term invented by William Jenkins in 1975 to describe a group of American photographers whose photographs had a similar banal aesthetic, in that they were formal, mostly black and white prints of the urban landscape.

The exhibition brought together Lewis Baltz, Bernd and Hilla Becher, Joe Deal, Frank Gohlke, Henry Wessel. Many of the photographers associated with new topographics were inspired by the man-made, selecting subject matter that was matter-of-fact. Parking lots, suburban housing and warehouses were all depicted with a beautiful stark austerity, almost in the way early photographers documented the natural landscape. The photographs in the new topographics was a reflection of both the increasingly suburbanised world around them, and a reaction to the tyranny of idealised landscape photography that elevated the natural and the elemental.

My shoot:

This is my response on the New topographics photo-shoots. I took these photos around Hautlieu and Highlands. I tried finding buildings that looked plain and similar to the ones in the new topographics.
I felt my images related well to the New topographics as my images where quite plain and ‘boring’ images. I tried to get the side of buildings and very square buildings to match the images of Lewis Baltz.

Urban Landscapes Case Study

Eugène Atget was a French photographer best known for his photographs of the architecture and streets of Paris. He took up photography in the late 1880s and supplied studies for painters, architects, and stage designers. Atget began shooting Paris in 1898 using a large format view camera to capture the city in detail. Noted for his determination to document all of the street scenes of Paris before their disappearance to modernization, most of his photographs were first published by Berenice Abbott after his death.

Corner of rue de Seine and rue de l’Échaudé
c. 1919
Arrowroot print
Clark Art Institute, 1998.39.1

The building being photographed in the image above, is located on the intersection of Rue de Seine and Rue de l’Échaudé. This intersection is located in the sixth arrondissement of the city in the Saint-Germain des Prés neighborhood which is on the left bank, or Rive Gauche. The Rive Gauche is known for its high-end shopping and elegance, and the Saint Germain des Prés neighborhood is specifically known for its rich cultural history. When Atget photographed this building in 1924, the façade was pretty torn up. The exterior of the building appears to be falling apart with parts of the building literally peeling off and whole sections missing. Furthermore, the bottom half of the building is darker than the top half, and there are flyers plastered on the window. There also appears to be a larger poster placed above the window. There is a singular old-fashioned car/lorry on the left. When looking down the two roads on either side of the centre building, the further away it is, the lighter it gets. There are two possibilities of why this is, which is either that the image is over exposed and it looks this way because the sky was very bright OR the weather was bad and there was fog. Which ever side you pick may change your perception slightly. I think that it being fog suits the image well. Its black and white, the walls are worn down and the streets are empty- It adds to the gloomy vibe. It is unknown as to why Atget took all these photographs, but they became a big part of the history of Paris within photography. Looking at these photographs, I think he was trying to capture the essence of old Paris, trying to create the feeling of nostalgia. Perhaps he knew that the world around him was changing once again. In some of his photographs, maybe even claustrophobia- lots of tight spaces and dark alleyways. In this photograph specifically, there are many dark tones that gently splurge into lighter tones.

When I saw this old photograph of Atget’s, I instantly pictured some streets in jersey. I went into google maps and took a screenshot of what place in Jersey came to my head, which is the first picture below. I then started traveling around the area via google maps in search for similar places, or where I could potentially take photographs like the one above. However there are many places in jersey such as alleyways and tight areas where I could take photographs referring to the other work of Atget, but this search was only for the analysed image.

the new topographics

The new topographics was the turning point in history in 1975 which was a shift away from photographing traditional landscapes, to photograph of landscapes that are unromanticised, industrial urban landscapes. This movement of new landscape photography was made because of the fact that society wasn’t recognising the issues of how the world was being slowly decaying from the natural landscapes being altered to urban, man made buildings taking over, raising awareness of the issue that was on the uprise. The photographers that where involved in this movement where 10: Robert Adams, Lewis Baltz, Bernd and Hilla Becher, Joe Deal, Frank Gohlke, Nicholas Nixon, John Schott, Stephen Shore, and Henry Wessel.

Pitheads 1974 Bernd Becher and Hilla Becher 1931-2007, 1934-2015 Purchased 1974 http://www.tate.org.uk/art/work/T01922

As you can see from the image above, this photograph is perfect in terms of the explanation of the “new topographics”. This reasoning behind this is because in the image you can see how there are industrial images as the main focus when you look at the image, however, if you look in the surroundings of these images you can see that there is some natural scenery in the surroundings of these industrial landscape images. This is because the photographers that where apart of this movement tried to get across that if society carries on with having urban/industrial landscapes cover up the world, we wont be having many more natural landscapes or even beautiful scenery to appreciate from what the world has given us.

Plan

Where – photo shoot will be taken around oakfield sports center and highlands.

What – I will be taking some deadpan images of industrial buildings

When – I will be carrying out this photo shoot during the daytime at around 1pm.

How – These photos will be taken at head height with the camera facing starring onto the object that i will be taking pictures of with the setting’s being exposure/80 and IOS/400.

Why – I am taking these pictures in inspiration of the new topographic in taking my own pictures to do with this project.

Contact Sheet

Final Images

From my final images, i got them to look so appealing in the compositions of black and white through editing. The process I went through in editing the images where making them black and white, then i went ahead and changed the colours that where in the images originally to enhance some proportions of the images. For example, it is shown in my images that you can see some dirt and textures that are enhancing from the edit making them appealing.

Comparison

Frank Gohlke

My Image

In both images, the lighting used is petty much identical, Frank’s image was lighted by natural light coming from above and behind the two focal points of the image which is directly above the structures. I know this because it shown in the picture’s that there are shadows on the ground in front of the objects on the ground. In my image, I used an aperatu