Studio portraits 1

Early Pioneers…

Louis Daguerre France (18 November 1787 – 10 July 1851)

  • French artist and photographer
  • invention of the daguerreotype process of photography
  • worked closely with Joseph Niepce
  • an accomplished painter
  • developer of the diorama theatre.
Louis Daguerre, Photo Pioneer Honored By Google: Interesting Facts - HISTORY
Louis Daguerre – early Daguerreotype – c. 1850
How Daguerreotype Photography Reflected a Changing America | At the  Smithsonian | Smithsonian Magazine

Henry William Fox-Talbot (1800 – 1877) UK

Fox Talbot was an English member of parliament, scientist, inventor and a pioneer of photography.

Fox Talbot went on to develop the three primary elements of photography: developing, fixing, and printing. Although simply exposing photographic paper to the light produced an image, it required extremely long exposure times. By accident, he discovered that there was an image after a very short exposure. Although he could not see it, he found he could chemically develop it into a useful negative. The image on this negative was then fixed with a chemical solution. This removed the light-sensitive silver and enabled the picture to be viewed in bright light. With the negative image, Fox Talbot realised he could repeat the process of printing from the negative. Consequently, his process could make any number of positive prints, unlike the Daguerreotypes. He called this the ‘calotype’ and patented the process in 1841.

victorian photography | Victorian photography, Henry fox talbot, History of  photography

Julia Margaret Cameron (11 June 1815 – 26 January 1879) UK

She is known for her soft-focus close-ups of famous Victorian men and for illustrative images depicting characters from mythology, Christianity, and literature.

Much of her work has connections to pictorialism and even movements such as The Pre-Rapahelites, and often had a dream-like, constructed quality to the images.

Sir John Herschel ,1867

Robert Cornelius (1809-1893) USA

RobertCornelius.jpg
Cornelius’s 1839 photograph of himself. The back reads, “The first light picture ever taken”. The Cornelius portrait is the first known photographic portrait taken in America,

Henry Mullins Jersey (1854-1921)

Portrait by Henry Mullins, 1849

(Jersey-based)See also Ernest Badoux, William Collie, Charles Hugo, Thomas Sutton

20th and 21st Century Approaches

Watch : Rankin on “beautiful portraits”

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Studio Lighting

Exploring Technique

1. Natural Light

In most cases we can make use of natural or available / ambient light…but we must be aware of different kinds of natural light and learn how to exploit it thoughtfully and creatively

  • intensity of the light
  • direction of the light
  • temperature of the light (and white balance on the camera)
  • making use of “the golden hour”
  • Using reflectors (silver / gold)
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White Balance (WB) and Colour Temperature

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  • Explore using diffusers (tissue paper, coloured gels, tracing paper, gauze etc) to soften the light
  • Try Front / side / back lighting
  • Compare High Key v low key lighting
  • Exploit Shadows / silhouettes
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2. Studio Lighting

Using artificial lighting can offer many creative possibilities…so we will explore :

  • the size and shape of light
  • distance from subject to create hard / soft light
  • angles and direction…high, low, side lighting
  • filtered light
  • camera settings : WB / ISO / shutter speed etc
  • reflectors and diffusers
  • key lighting, fill lighting, back lighting, 1,2+3 point lighting
  • soft-boxes, flash lighting, spot lights and floodlights
  • chiarascuro and Rembrandt lighting
  • high key and low key lighting techniques
  • backdrops and infinity curves
  • long exposures and slow shutter speeds
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Chiarascuro used to illuminate features
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Johannes Vermeer, The Girl with the Pearl Earring, 1665—-chiarascuro as employed by the Dutch Masters
Francesca Woodman (Author of Francesca Woodman)
Francesca Woodman created blurred (self) portraits, due to movement and long exposure times), who are merging with their surroundings,

Using Flash

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Bouncing the flash to soften its effects

Above : An example of “bouncing” the flash to soften the effects and create a larger “fill” area…try this wherever there are white walls/ ceilings

Flash units offer a range of possibilities in both low and high lighting scenarios that you could explore such as…

  • flash “bouncing”
  • fill-in flash
  • TTL / speedlight flash
  • remote / infra-red flash (studio lighting)
  • fast + slow synch flash
  • light painting c/w slow shutter speeds

Evidence of Your Learning

During this unit we would expect all students to complete 2-3 blog posts  detailing how you are experimenting with various lighting techniques eg CHIARASCURO / REMBRANDT LIGHTING

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Rembrandt Lighting

Add information / links showing how Chiarascuro has been used since the Renaissance in painting…but also how it used now in photography and film

You must describe and explain your process with each technique…add your images to your blog as you progress, print off your successful images and evaluate your process using technical vocab and analysis skills. Think carefully about the presentation of your ideas and outcomes…compare your work to relevant portrait photographers as you go eg

Annie Leibovitz, Irving Penn, Rankin, Richard Avedon, Yousef Karsh, David Bailey, Mario Testino, Steve McCurry, Jill Greenberg, Nick Knight, Tim Walker, Corrine Day, Jane Bown, Rineke Djikstra, Thomas Ruff et al…

Thomas Ruff | Portraits (1989) | Artsy
Thomas Ruff
Philip Toledano- Days with My Father
Sebastião Salgado se une a grandes nomes em apelo pela proteção dos  indígenas contra a Covid
Sebastiao Salgado
David Goldblatt - 126 Artworks, Bio & Shows on Artsy
David Goldblatt- Soth Africa / racial segregation / gender roles / status
Alec Soth: Gathered Leaves | AnOther
Alec Soth- social documentary and representation
The first Scandinavian retrospective of Rineke Dijkstra | Wallpaper*
Rineke Dijkstra- youth and transition to adulthood

Expected Final Outcomes by Monday 7th December 2020

  • A Case Study and Practical Responses to a photographer who employs a range of lighting techniques
  • 1 x Final Portrait using natural light + analysis and evaluation
  • 1 x Final Portrait using 1 point lighting + analysis and evaluation
  • 1 x Final Portrait using 2 point lighting+analysis and evaluation

Show you can show evidence of head shots, cropped head shots, half body, three-quarter length and full length portraits.

Show that you can employ interesting angles and viewpoints…

Make sure you ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS IN YOUR BLOG

  • Why do we use studio lighting?
  • What is the difference between 1-2-3 point lighting and what does each technique provide / solve
  • What is fill lighting?
  • What is Chiarascuro ? Show examples + your own experiments

Independent Study

  1. You must complete a range of studio lighting experiments and present your strongest ideas on a separate blog post
  2. Remember to select only the most successful images
  3. You should be aiming to produce portraits that show clarity, focus and a clear understanding of a range of lighting techniques
  4. Editing should be minimal at this point…we are looking for your camera skills here
  5. But…be creative and experimental with your approach “in camera”…extremes, uniqueness and possibly thought provoking imagery that will improve your ideas and outcomes.

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Hendrik Kerstens (in response to Dutch Masters paintings)
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David Bailey
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Richard Avedon
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Anton Corbijn…natural light

https://www.wefolk.com/artists/nadav-kander/information

“People and Places”

Further Explorations

John Coplans : Self-Portrait (Hands Spread on Knees)
1985

LINK TO JOHN COPLANS

Always follow this 10 step process to ensure that you are covering all areas of study for this unit…

  1. Mood-board, definition and introduction (AO1)
  2. Mind-map of ideas (AO1)
  3. Artist References / Case Studies (must include image analysis) (AO1) re : environmental and candid portraits
  4. Photo-shoot Action Plan (AO3)
  5. Multiple Photoshoots + contact sheets (AO3)
  6. Image Selection, sub selection (AO2)
  7. Image Editing/ manipulation / experimentation (AO2)
  8. Presentation of final outcomes (AO4)
  9. Compare and contrast your work to your artist reference(AO1) and show analysis of at least 1 of your images
  10. Evaluation of your images, process and Critique of your final outcomes(AO1+AO4)

Always refer to this to help you with image analysis, knowledge and understanding etc

Picture

Resource Packs are stored here…

M:\Departments\Photography\Students\Resources\Portraiture\TO DO

and here : M:\Departments\Photography\Students\Planners Y12 JAC\Unit 2 Portrait Photography

Environmental Portraits

An environmental portrait is a portrait executed in the subject’s usual environment, such as in their home or workplace, and typically illuminates the subject’s life and surroundings. The subjects of these images are usually surrounded by objects which relate to their craft, may that be their career or hobby. Environmental portraits should allow the observer to identify the subjects job easily by using a well lit setting and clear links to their work around or on them.

Environmental Portraits Mood Board

Image Analysis – Arnold Newman

Arnold Newman | Portrait of Russian composer Igor Stravinsky | December 1, 1946

This environmental portrait of Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) was captured by American photographer Arnold Newman (1918-2006). Newman is noted for his environmental portraits, where he photographed many famous artists and politicians. Igor Stravinsky was a Russian composer, pianist and conductor-widely considered one of the greatest and most versatile composers of the 20th century. In this portrait image, Newman has created an abstract composition as the subject Stravinsky is placed in the bottom left corner, only barely being seen. Therefore, the piano outweighs the subject alluding to the idea that music plays such an important role in his life. Additionally, the shape of the instrument itself resembles a musical note, which mixed with the immense size of the piano could symbolize how overwhelming the power of music is on society and culture. Newman has captured this image with a black and white filter, possibly due to the cameras used in 1946, which creates a high contrast of dark and light tones. There is not a vast range of tone in this image, primarily it consists of one main highlight, mid-tone and shadow- the darkest area being the piano and the lightest being the wall behind. This opposition between a harsh black and a bright white really makes the piano stand out in the photograph; it creates a clear focal point for the observer. Furthermore, there are many geometric shapes and lines in this photo which create a rigid sharp texture. These acute lines also add to the unsettling atmosphere of the image as their definite structures allude to the idea that Stravinsky’s career is at times strict and harsh in order for him to succeed above others in the industry.

Environmental Portraits Mind-Map

Photoshoot Plan

Who – I plan on photographing the people who work in the market, such as butchers, florists and chefs. I also wish to photograph some essential workers in the time of Covid-19, such as cashiers, postmen and firemen.

What – I aim to capture the subjects looking directly at the camera, surrounded by their working environment and/or showing them doing their job.

When – I hope to take some of these images on Tuesday, November 10th as the weather will be sunny and dry for any outdoors shots. I also aim on doing a shoot on Wednesday, November 11th in the evening as the market won’t be as busy and crowded.

Where – On Tuesday, my plan is to travel to St Helier and go around town looking for any postmen or binmen that may be working. I will also head to St Brelade to photograph the firemen at the station. On Wednesday, I aim on going to the market in St Helier to capture my evening photos.

Why – I will take these photos to demonstrate my understanding of environmental portraits and to show people in their working environments. I also want to show how these people feel at the moment of the shoot, letting them act however they wish to in front of the camera.

How – I am going to produce this photoshoot using my Canon EOS 2000D with natural lighting for the outdoor shots and artificial ceiling lighting for the indoor shots. I will use a short aperture to capture the subjects face as the main focal point in my photos.

Contact Sheets

Final Edited Images

Final Images

I have chosen these two images of a florist and a fireman as my final selection as I believe they show clear environmental portraits, linking to each other through colour and composition. Firstly, both images hold repetition of saturated warm colours, such as yellow and red, which reflect the cheerful atmosphere created by the subjects smiling facial expressions. Additionally, I think these images work well together because of their similar compositions. Image one has the subject in the centre, with her work environment surrounding her in the foreground and background. This allows the observer to connect with the image as the camera is at eye level with the subject smiling down the lens, creating a friendly and welcoming atmosphere. Nevertheless in image two, the subject is similarly placed in the centre of the photograph- however his work environment is directly behind him showing he is the main focus and importance in the image. Furthermore, the fire engine behind the main subject in image two holds diagonal thick lines which create direction and lead our focus towards him. These straight leading lines also produce quite a harsh texture in image two, which alludes to the harsh reality of a fireman’s job and shows how strict and precise he must be in order to save someone’s life. This contrasts well with image one as it holds a softer texture due to the more organic and natural shapes created by the flowers and ribbons surrounding the woman. Overall, I believe these two images show strong environmental portraits which reflect the atmospheres and challenges one has in these particular careers.