PICTORIALISM
time period : 1880-1920
Key characteristics/ conventions : photography was seen as a science, and photographers tried to make their photographs resemble art. they did this by manipulating the images in the dark room by doing things such as scratching on the negatives.
Artists associated: JMW Turner, Paola Veronase, John Everette Millias, Julia Maragret Cameron, Heinrich Kuhn, Hugo Henneburg, Hans Watcek and Sally Mann.
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REALISM / STRAIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY
Time period: 1940
Key characteristics/ conventions : to provide an accurate representation of the real world. these images were made to look more like photographs than art.
Artists associated: Walter Evans, Alfred Stieglitz, Paul Strand, Dorothea Lange, Lewis W Hine, and Jacob Riis
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MODERNISM
Time period: 1900-1940
Key characteristics/ conventions : Early modernity is characterised intellectually by a belief that science could save the world and that, through reason, a foundation of universal truths could be established. Photography is a modern form of image making, contributing to the development
of modernism.
Artists associated: Ansel Adams, Eadweard J. Muybridge, Margareth Bourke-White, Alexander Rodchenko, El Lissitzky, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Salvatore Dali, Man Ray, Maurice Tabard, and Claude Cahun
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POST-MODERNISM
Time period: late 20th century
Key characteristics/ conventions : Architects took the lead in the development of postmodernism. They criticised the international style of modernist architecture for being too formal, austere and functional. . In photography this was the direct challenge to the ideal of fine art photography whose values were established on an anti-commercial stance.
Artists associated: Barbara Krüger, Corrine Day, Sam Taylor-Wood, Cindy Sherman, Tom Hunter, Jeff Wall, Hannah Starkey and Anna Gaskell
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