Category Archives: Unit 1 Abstract

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6. ISO:

What is ISO?

The ISO on a digital camera allows the user to control how light sensitive the camera is.

The lower the ISO, the less light sensitive the camera is.

The higher the ISO, the more light sensitive the camera is.

Advantages:

The ISO allows the user to take photos in bright areas with a low ISO and in darker areas with an increased ISO.

Disadvantages:

When the ISO is increased, the quality of the images will be poorer. The images become grainy, less sharp and will have decreased amounts of detail.

Examples:

  • 1/200
  • F5.6

ISO 100

ISO 400

ISO 1600

ISO 6400

Experiment – ISO

ISO:

ISO simply stand for International Organisation of Standardisation. Changing the ISO of a camera controls its sensitivity to light, helping to manage the exposure of an image and prevent under and over-exposure of frames.

Changing the ISO changes the cameras sensitivity to light and can therefore allow for clean frames in lighter and darker places. The lower the ISO the lower the sensitivity to light, and vice versa to higher the ISO the higher the sensitivity to light will be. One downside to ISO is the higher the ISO the noisier or grainier an image becomes, as displayed below.

http://www.digitaltrends.com/phtotgraphy/what-is-iso/


Examples of my experiment in indoor lighting:

Settings: 200, 5.6 ISO 100-6400

Examples of my experiment in outdoor lighting:

Settings: 200, 5.6 ISO 100-6400

As shown in these frames as the ISO increases with each image the quality of the picture is reduced and seems more pixelated, this is often referred to as ‘noise’.  Changes in ISO can allow photos to look more natural and visible, however the negative effect of a high ISO can sometimes defeat the object of changing the ISO.

However many photographers have used a high ISO  to their images on purpose, in order to create the grainy effect.

Ralph Eugene Meatyard – Case Study

Ralph was a photographer that pursued photography primarily as a passion as oppose to a source of income. He experimented with a variety of abstract techniques within his photography. One of his more notable photo-shoots ‘zen twigs’ had a strong focus on experimenting with focusing on branches and twigs with a very large aperture leaving all background subjects as simply a blur. His photo-shoot ‘no focus’ is a very expressive shoot with a lot of ambiguity as to what the subjects of the photos are. Most of his work has a very strong contrast as with the lack of focus I believe it is important to focus on tonal work.

In this example, Ralph used a large aperture leaving all subjects in the image entirely out of focus, creating a sense of ambiguity about the image. The image is rather formless with no distinct subject. It is difficult to discuss the technical aspects of the image however due to the large aperture required for such a photo, it is safe to assume that the shutter speed used would have to be rather high.Image result for ralph eugene meatyard no focus

Response:

I took more inspiration from his work with the ‘Zen Twigs’ project as opposed to the ‘No Focus’ project. While I experimented with focus to a degree, I didn’t find much success with the no focus experimentation.

White balance Experimentation

For my experimentation into using white balance with a camera, I used the same subject in 2 different scenarios: inside and outside, and then used the white balance setting to change the temperature of each of the images.

The above set of images were taken outside using natural light, and each image has been taken using a different white balance setting, such as daylight and tungsten light. Each of the images has a different temperature because of the different white balance setting I used.

The set of images above are pictures of the same subject (a pen) taken inside, also using 7 different white balance settings. These photographs used artificial lighting, and the contrast between the 2 sets of images can be easily seen.

The white balancing used in the first set of images, along with the use of natural, bright lighting, helped to make the images more clear, whereas the artificial lighting on the second set of images, made the images seem more clinical and staged.

The white balancing gave each image a different temperature, adding to the effect of each image, and giving it a different colour theme.  The different white balancing setting can be used in different situations, to create the best image possible by altering the colour scheme in the image, and I will use the white balancing setting to alter images in the future.

Ralph Meatyard Artists Experiments

Ralph Meatyard

Ralph Meatyard was an american photographer from Illinois.  Meat yard worked as an optician who also practised photography.  One project of Meatyard’s work is looking at photographs out of focus,  and spent months just looking through an out of focus camera to learn how to ‘see no focus’.  Meat yard began the project because of his initial attraction to the out-of-focus backgrounds in some of his images.  Meatyard eliminated the “thing” and looked only for the background, which he would then throw out of focus. Eventually, feeling that the background was still too recognizable, he stopped this practice and began to see his surroundings through an unfocused lens.

Ralph Meatyard

My Own Experiments

Contact Sheet
Edited Contact Sheet

 

Own Response | Analysis
Own Response | Analysis
Own Response | Analysis
Own Response | Analysis

Chosen Four Together

Final Chosen

 

Other Experiments: Into Black and White

A lot of Ralph Meatyard’s work is seen in a black and white tone so for my photographs I decided to also experiment with them in black and white as something different to add on to just experimenting with the camera itself with the focus and shutter speeds.

Editing
Editing

While experimenting with the black and white I also adjusted and experimented with the exposure and contrasts of the photographs as to add more tone and different highlights and darks into the photograph.

Editing

For one of my photographs I also experimented with cropping to get rid of unwanted dark space and the side of the photograph to just leave the objects shapes against the light.

Chosen Four: Experimented

Final Four

Final Chosen Photograph

I have chosen this as my most successful photograph as I feel it shows the most connections to Ralph Meatyard’s own work, which was where my inspiration was coming from.  I have chosen my edited version as my favourite as I feel it works the best and has the best contrast as the photograph unedited is as well very dark and doesn’t show much colour so to put it in black and white eventuates this and I feel works next to Meatyard’s work best.

Final One

 

Shutter Speed Experiments

Shutter Speed :

The shutter speed is the amount of time for the shutter to open and close, the faster the shutter speed the less amount of light will be let in  during the time taken for the image.

Example:

slow shutter speed
faster shutter speed

Above are two examples of the same photograph set up but taken with different shutter speeds.  Both photographs were taken with an aperture with F5.7 so that I could see the full effect of only changing the shutter speed.  The first photograph with a slower shutter speed produced an image that was over exposed and had too much light in it,  this happened because the shutter was open for longer so more light was being let into the image leaving it over exposed.  The second photograph however had the shutter open for less amount of time and produced an image that isn’t over exposed as not as much light was being let in.

 

Experiment – White Balance

White Balance:

White balance just means adjusting colours so that the image looks more natural. We go through the process of adjusting colours  to get rid of colour casts in order to match the image to what we saw while capturing the frame. Factors such as sunlight, lightbulbs and flashlights do not emit purely white light and have a certain ‘colour temperature’. This can cause parts of images to appear different colours on camera than what the eye sees.

In a non digital way this can be demonstrated with the use of tinted glasses or goggles. For example if you are skiing with yellow tinted goggles on, the snow will look yellowish. However, after you ski for a little bit, your eyes and your brain will adjust for the colour and the snow should look white again. When you take off your ski goggles after skiing, the snow will look bluish in colour rather than pure white for a little bit, until your brain adjusts the colours back to normal again. This is done automatically for us. The white balance setting on a camera is just the manual version of this.

Examples of my experiment in outdoor lighting:

Setting – 1/4000, f5.6, ISO 400

Examples of my experiment in indoor lighting:

Setting – 1/30, f5.6, ISO 400

Camera Skills

 

Shutter Speed:  the shutter speed changes the way movement appears in photographs. Very short shutter speeds can be used to freeze fast-moving subjects, for example at sporting events. Very long shutter speeds are used to intentionally blur a moving subject for effect.

ISO: 

ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The lower the number the less sensitive the camera is to light and the finer the grain. Higher numbers mean the sensor becomes more sensitive to light which allows you to use your camera in darker situations. The cost of doing so is more grain/noise within the final outcome.

Depth of Field: The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects giving a focused image. A narrow depth of field means that its main focus point will be the only thing in focus, leaving everything else in a blur. Where as a Large depth of field means that most things in the frame will be in focus. Aperture:  ‘The opening in the lens.’ When we hit the shutter release button of the camera a hole opens up that allows your cameras image sensor to catch a glimpse of the scene you’re wanting to capture. The aperture that you set impacts the size of that hole. The larger the hole the more light that gets in – the smaller the hole the less light.

Experimenting With These Camera Settings: