Goudal is a French artist who has graduated from the royal college of art in 2010 with an MA is photography. She is currently living and working in Paris. She often works directly with landscapes, sometimes inserting photographic backdrops into a scene then photographing it. She is also known for making video work that is linked to the themes within her work.
“Fiction meets reality in her photographic work” – cercle
Observatoires
This series photographed between 2013 and 2014 shows science fictional architecture in landscapes. From the mood board it’s clear to see her documentary like images in this series almost look like an illusion. During this project she had used traditional photography and a physical form of manipulation since she created architectures out of paper and placed them in real landscapes. All of the images are in black and white which helps bring out all the dimensions of the figures. All the images are also taken on a landscape setting, which helps all the images in the series complement each other. This photographer is useful to look at since throughout my project i will be photographing bunkers and sites similar to the one sin her images, and looking at these photos has helped me to understand the importance of framing and angles when capturing these types of architecture.
Archives are places that contain many historical images and documents. They preserve things in order for the public to be able to view, compare and learn from the past. However, as time goes on archives are beginning to change in order to keep up with current technology. Theorist, David Bates, has referred to this by saying that “no longer are photographic archives merely filled with dusty piles of boxes” since “digitisation of photographic images online has also generated new networks”. This is a positive change as having digitized versions of images and documents, makes them more accessible to more people. However, this also means that people may not apricate it as more since there is minimal effort involved in acquiring these materials.
Archives can be used for research and knowledge. Since the images and documents are old, they can be analysed so people in the modern day have an insight to how the world would be. This is especially useful for research photographers since it allows them to be able to see physical images from years ago, which means it is possible to contrast and compare images from today. They’re also important to have since It is important to keep things that happened in the past alive in the modern age, as it is important that societies learn from their past errors, archives play an important role in this as they keep memories prom the past preserved in order for people to see.
Archives are repositories of past memories since they provide evidence that people can use to examine the past, in a way where they can understand it. For example, One of Jersey’s archive’, Societe Jersiarse, is a local archive that contains many images and documents of Jersey’s history. This specific archive is very important as it allows people to look at local history, images an documents. Without the preservation of local history, local knowledge may not have been as well known. Thanks to organisations such as this archive, local people can easily access information about their past which can help them to understand their heritage and understand why things are the way they are.
In archives I believe that photography can play a double role. This is because the images are used for both scientific and historical research and also for artistic purposes. Obviously, the images can be used to research society and the past so that societies are able to know more about the history of where they’re from so they’re able to be more culturally aware, but they can also be used for more creative outlooks. Our project for example, allows us to experience learning the whole historical knowledge however, it also allows us to express it in a more creative manor since we are not confined to solely research.
Louise Lawler is a photographer that is mentioned in David Bate’s text. She is a photographer who from the late 1970s onward, photographed many works of other artists. she focuses on photographing the environment surroundings of featured artworks. Her work demonstrates how images can be contextualised and decontextualised with and without their surrounding areas.
Another artist mentioned by Bates is Tracey Moffatt, specifically her series “something more”. This series depicts a desire to leave her rural life behind, for city life. As you can see from the series below, most of the images show the figures staring at the woman whom appears to be in deep thought in most of the images.
Looking at Archival material would be very useful in my personal study. Since my project will of course be based around the occupation of Jersey, I think it is really important that I refer back to original images of the time period so that my project can be more accurate. referring to the original images will also help as it will give me more of an insight into my local areas that have a lot of history behind them that I otherwise would not really know about without archive images and documents. It will also give me more of an understanding of how society acted at the time, which would really allow me to have a more in depth view into the thoughts and feelings of jersey people which allows my project to have more of an authentic touch to it. I feel that looking at this material will also help me to be more empathetic to the people of Jersey’s situations during this time. This means that my project will hopefully have more of an emotional touch, which would make it more successful as it will trigger a more emotive response in my audience
Our trip to the Jersey archive, Société Jersiaise, has already been very helpful when it came to getting my project started. Being able to physically see and touch images taken during the occupation has helped me develop an appreciation and deeper understanding of what happened. It has also helped with the accuracy of my project, since I am now aware of certain locations in Jersey that have a special historical significance, which will enhance my project as I will be able to explore different areas of the island by picturing them. This has also helped me appreciate the history of the island that I grew up in since prior to this, I had minimal knowledge on the occupation.
Researching and being able to physically spend a day in an archive has taught me how important it is to preserve things that depict and explain our history, as they key to understanding how our society is in the modern age, lies in what has happened in the past. I have also learnt really important aspects of Jersey’s history which is very important as I now feel more confident in proceeding with the project since I have underlying knowledge of Jersey during the occupation, which I gained from viewing images and reading documents. I have also learnt the importance of exploring local history because it can teach you a lot about the way you grew up.
“The Société Jersiaise was founded in 1873 for the study of Jersey archaeology, history, natural history, the ancient language and the conservation of the environment.”
The Société Jersiaise is a Jersey archive which preserves Jersey’s history. Amongst many objects, they house many images that depict Jersey’s occupation during WW2. In the archive you can find many images taken by both German soldiers and Jersey people.
The Société was founded by a group of jersey individuals who were keen on jersey’s history and wanted to make sure it was kept. The Société then grew to include the founding of a museum, and the purchasing archaeological sites in order to preserve and present them. Some sights now owned by the Société Jersiaise are La Houge Bie and La Cotte de Saint-Brélade
Images to the right are from the Société Jersiaise archive.
Our Day
Our day began with a presentation where we were told some background information on the archive, such as when it was founded and some of the important Jersey photographers who’s work are in the archive.
The archive was formed in 1873, and in 1877 they announced that they had aims of opening a museum. The archive contains over 100,000 images from the mid 1840s, to today. Since Britain and France were both known for the development of photography, Jersey (located between the two) has a rich history in photography. On the 9th of May 1840, photography arrived in Jersey, and the archive contains works by photographers such as Thomas Sutton and William Collie.
We then spent the majority of the time looking through many collections of images, both from the archive and private collectors, from the occupation of Jersey.
We were able to see many photos taken by both Jersey and German photographers, which was very interesting as it meant we were able to see two different perspectives of the occupation.
After choosing our favourite images, we then recorded the reference numbers so that the archive were able to provide us with the digital version you can see in the gallery to the right.
Next, We spent some time learning about narratives. A narrative is the idea that a group of images are able to tell an audience a story. We were given a selection of copies of archive images so that we were able to attempt our own narratives in groups. This was a helpful task as it aided me in realising that sometimes, less images may be better than more. Below is the narrative that my group produced:
Taking my own images
Next, We walked around Jersey’s town centre in order to take images of things to do with the occupation of Jersey.
Best images
Comparing images
while taking images around town, I decided to go to some locations that I had seen in images at the archive. Below are the archive images, compared to the images I took.
The channel islands were the only part of Britain to be under the occupation of the Nazis, and after 5 years the island was liberated on the 9th May 1945. The Nazis invaded Jersey one week after the British government demilitarised the island, as they feared the safety of the people in the event of conflict. The Germans were not aware of this, and heavily attacked the island. 10 people were killed and many were also wounded.
Island life
Under the command of the Nazi soldiers, life became very different for the citizens of Jersey. A shortage of fuel meant that horse and cartridges were used instead of cars, and the soldiers forced people to drive/ride on the opposite side of the road. People had to also get used to living with limited amounts of information as radio sets became banned. Some islanders risked hiding them, and took it upon themselves to spread news about what was happening on the frontline to others.
There was a shortage of many supplies on the island during this time. Islanders became smart at coming up with substitutes for things they no longer had access to. Sea water was commonly used as salt, and parsnip paired with sugar beet replaced tea. The SS Vega was a relief ship provided by the Red Cross that saved the starving islanders. The ship arrive on December 30th, providing the people of Jersey with food and much needed medical supplies that the island was in desperate need of.
Fortification
Hitler ordered that Jersey should become a fortress which no one could get into. May slave workers from places like Spain, Russia, Poland and France built many bunkers and tunnel systems which are still around to this day. one of the most prominent fortification is HO8, which has now been converted into the Jersey War Tunnels where visitors can go and experience what life was like for islanders under the occupation. There are also many fortification sites around Jersey’s coasts, especially in St Ouens.
The Jersey war tunnels website contains a variety of interesting stories passed down through families about the occupation. They’re all very interesting as they’re all about what ordinary citizens went through in their lives. Below is one a story taken from the website which I found particularly interesting:
Unsung heroes
As German forces advanced relentlessly through northern France into Normandy and Brittany, hundreds of thousands of Allied troops were trapped with their backs to the sea. The British Admiralty organised a rescue mission – often called ‘Little Dunkirk’ – to evacuate them from French ports, including St Malo, 50 miles south of Jersey.
Dunkirk had shown that small boats would be an important part of the operation; they could pick up troops in shallow water, then take them to larger transport ships anchored in deeper water. So on the 16th June 1940 the Admiralty sent a Telegram to Jersey’s Lieutenant Governor requesting that “… Jersey send all available craft to St Malo to help the evacuation of British troops from there…”
– Taken from the Jersey war tunnels website, full story here.
Liberation
On may 8th 1945, in Winston Churchill’s famous speech, he mentions:
“and our dear Channel Islands are also to be freed today.”
Jersey people only officially knew the war was over, the following day when the HMS beagle was seen in St Aubin’s harbour. On May 9th at 7:15, the instrument of surrender was signed on behalf of the German command of the Channel Islands. All German flags in the Channel Islands were then lowered. On the arrival of the liberators, the swastika that was hanging on the Pomme D’Or hotel was taken down and replaced by a union jack at 3:40 showing the end of the occupation. The crowd gathered then began singing the national anthem. This day is still celebrated every year in Jersey with a bank holiday.
Now I will be editing the images from my 3rd and 4th photo shoots inspired by Francesca Woodman. I will be editing the images in different ways in order to represent feelings that someone can feel when experiencing a lack of identity.
Final Outcome
This is my final outcome. On one hand I really like this as you can faintly tell that its a human figure by the legs, and I think having the text obscuring the model further shows a lack of identity as you cant make out anything about the person. Furthermore, since the text is different types of emotions the model could be feeling, it is now clear to views how the model feels emotionally. On the other hand, I think that by having the image obscured so much by the text, the audience will not be able to get the full effect of the long exposure effect, or the models expression, which takes away part of the photo’s concept.
Final outcome
This is my final image after the editing process. I decided to use this technique of manipulation in order to express feelings associated with having a lack of identity, such as feeling displaced and no feeling whole. The sections that I have selected and placed in different areas shows the figure displaced and falling apart which is a literal way of expressing the metaphorical concept.
For my next photo shoot, I’m developing my previous idea further. Still using the same concepts and photographer as inspiration I decided to photograph a model in a different setting. I wanted to go somewhere where I could have an open space, like Woodman did in her work- and also somewhere that had quite a gloomy old feeling so I chose to conduct my photo shoot in a car park, using a wall as my background. I took the same approach to this photo shoot as I did with my previous one. I made sure to utilise the same type of clothing on my model, and I also wanted the model to use body language in order to express certain concepts and feelings that i felt could be associated with a loss or lack of identity. I also used long exposure combined with a lower ISO in order to achieve the blurry effects in the images you can see below.
Contact sheets
(add 3rd contact sheet)
Best Outcomes
Analysing
Technical
This image was taken using quite a slow shutter speed and a low ISO.
visual
In the photo we see a female figure were black clothing blurrily holding he arms up to hold her face. She appears to be quite sad/mad/distressed as her pose looks like an emotional outburst. The model is surrounded by a large,open, plain space.
conceptual
This image is supposed to portray the feelings that may be associated with loosing or lacking an identity. The female in the image clearly feeling quite distressed. This emotional outburst is something I would consider to be associated with not being sure who you were. The fact that she’s also dressed very plainly and that the image is taken in an open space is also representative of not having an identity, as her clothing and the space that she’s in is very plain and not individualised.
For my third photo shoot I wanted to convey the feeling and theme of lack of identity while also exploring gender identity. I will be using Francesca’s work as inspiration for this photo shoot. For this particular shoot I was inspired by the images below.
The 3 images above show female figures moving around, while Woodman photographed them using a slow shutter speed. I will be doing the same, as I think its very interesting the way she represents these women questioning their identity by making them appear almost ghost like, and making them almost disappear into the image as they look blurry. I also think its interesting how all their features are blurred as that also symbolises that the women don’t have identities since we cant see anything that makes them look individual. For my photo shoot I will make sure my models are wearing simple dresses, just as the women in the image are wearing, as I think it’s a very successful piece of clothing when using long exposure as it’s loose and will flow meaning that it will help me achieve the effect where it almost looks like the models are blending into their surroundings. I will also be photographing my model in a studio to begin with so that I have a more controlled environment to perfect the long exposure technique. Later I plan on using more interesting settings when I further develop my set of images inspired by Woodman.
Contact sheets
Best Outcomes
Analysing
Technical
While taking this image I set my camera settings at a slow shutter speed along with a low ISO. I did this because the slow shutter speed meant the exposure time would be very long, so by lowering the ISO the image didn’t turn out overexposed.
Visual
In this image we can see a female figure dressed in a black dress. Due to long exposure it seems as though there are 2 people standing in the same space, but in different positions as she was moving while the image was being taken. In the photo we can see one of the faces smiling, and another face like figure with their face hidden so only the side is visible.
Conceptual
This image is meant to convey a feeling of a lack of identity. I feel as though this has been done quite well. One reason for this is because it looks like the model in the image is there twice, showing a lack of individuality as they both the figures look the same. It also conveys 2 different feelings. As the model was moving and making different facial expressions, we see one version of her face smiling like she’s happy and we see another version where she concealed her face by turning her head, which meant that we could only see her jaw. This could symbolise the emotions that come with feeling like you have a lack of identity as she appears happy but there’s also part of her who may feel as though she was self-conscious to show her face.
My 2 previous photo shoots showed different portrayals of women being merged together in order to challenge the stereotypical view ingrained into society of what a woman should look like. It became clear that gender identity and the loss of identity were 2 themes that began to overlap while I was exploring gender identity. This is because there is such a typical outlook on genders, that it almost feels like since everyone is viewed the same there is no individuality, which I think would be interesting to explore through lack of identity.For this reason I have decided that I would also try to incorporate the theme of loss of identity into my project, and link it in with gender identity.. An example of a photographer that I though related to both of these themes is Francesca Woodman.
Francesca Woodman
Woodman was a female photographer who produced many photographs that showed either herself or other female models. A majority of her images show the models all blurred, in almost a ghost-like way, due to her use of long exposure. The models in her images appear to almost be dissolving into their surroundings. Woodman questioned concepts of the self, identity and body image through her-mostly- black and white images that were taken between 1972 and 1981.
Mood Board
Mind Map
Analysing
Technical
This image is in black and white and seems to have been taken using a slow shutter speed, as the image is blurry as there is quite a high level of brightness in certain parts of the image.
Visual
In this image we see a blurred female figure, wearing a white dress who appears to have been twirling round due to the ghost-like outcome. The surroundings look quite old and unperfect as there are several cracks in the wall.
Conceptual
I think that this is a very powerful image. The fact that the woman is wearing minimal clothing and is lacking accessories conveys the concept of loss of identity. Because she is portrayed very simplistically, it could suggest the lack of the female’s identity. There is also a lot of empty space around the model, which could symbolise emptiness within, and it could also suggest that she feels as if she doesn’t belong since as the slow shutter speed almost makes it look like she’s disappearing from the scene. This could be a way of conveying the model of photographers feelings.
Technical
This image is displayed in black and white, and appears to be taken outdoors.
visual
In this image we see a mirror with a women’s back being reflected on it. The mirror seems to be being held by the same figure or another figure who’s dressed the same. The background of the image suggests that it was taken outdoors due to the tree in the background.
conceptual
When I see this image, I think that it conveys a theme of self-displacement. I like how Woodman has utilised a mirror within the image as a mirror is an item usually associated with personality and confidence. However, in this image Woodman has used it to portray the exact opposite as it shows lack of confidence and self-consciousness as we cannot see a face in the mirror. The photographer has also used very minimal and simplistic clothing on the model which also shows self-displacement as it’s simple and conveys no identity.
In this post I will be referring back to this mood board:
Now that I have my 2 contrasting set of images completed I’m now going on to editing them using the mood board above as inspiration. The reasoning behind editing my images like this is so that it is clear to viewers that that one image will be a stereotypical representation, and the other will be a different version challenging the view. Conceptually, I’m hoping to show that there is more than one possible way for someone to look, as people feel differently and represent themselves in different ways, giving them different variations of identity.
Editing
Initial final outcome
This is the outcome that I got from the above process. I think that this outcome was quite successful because we’re able to see both of the contrasting images through each other, and its clearly noticeable that one image symbolises a more feminine identity and the other shows an opposite variation. By having both images displayed directly on top of each other its a lot easier to be able to notice all of the contrasts in the model’s appearance, meaning that the image is more successful at getting its meaning across
Initial final outcome
This is the final outcome from editing my 2 images together the second time. Like the last outcome, we are able to see the model on both of the images. I think that this outcome is also able to get the concept of differing identities within the same gender, because we see the same model presenting herself in two different way directly over each other which makes it a lot easier to be able to spot all the contrasts.
Comparing my outcomes
I think that both of my outcomes using layering, both show the differing appearance of the model quite effectively. However, I think that my 1st outcome (image right above this text) is the most successful one. I think this because with the other outcome we’re not clearly able to see the model’s whole body due to them being directly over each other. I think that being able to see how the model has positioned her body is very important in showing her identity as the way someone uses body langue says a lot about how they see themselves, meaning its their identity.
Final outcome overall
Editing
Next I will be using a technique where I create a pattern on Photoshop and use it as an overlay for another image.
Final outcome
Overall I’m very happy with my final outcome. In the image we can see the “feminine female” image being made up of lots of smaller versions of the same model from the contrasting shoot. This outcome is another way of showing how the way a gender represents themselves can vary.