Deconstructing a photobook

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“The anthropologist, the journalist, and (apparently) the travel writer seek, and if they are lucky find, explanations and solutions. But the artist may discover that every avenue of inquiry leads to another mystery, more complex and more interesting than the original question.”
Francine Prose on the photography of George Georgiou, Aperture Fall 2012

Originally he was thinking about London as a city of migration, the last stop not only for immigrants but also for people from across the UK. A city of dreams and possibilities; but as we all know, these dreams are not so easily realized. As the project evolved, he became more interested in trying to express the experience of the city, how we move through it, share it, coexist as a diverse group of peoples and cultures. The hardest part was what he considered the little soap operas we see everyday in public space, those encounters we witness and perceive as fictions – are they secret lovers or a married couple? etc. It’s a little like when we drive pass an accident on the highway: we glimpse the crashed car and imagine the rest. How we perceive became an important element in the work.

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“The design of the book was by far the hardest part of the whole project as it holds together the whole concept of the work and relates to the actual experience of moving through a city.” g.georgiou – interview with Fotoroom

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The essence of the project is that you might take the same route everyday but what you see, the ebb and flow on the street takes on a random nature. To capture this flow, the concertina allows the feel of a bus trip, but more importantly it gives the viewer the opportunity to create their own journeys by spreading the book out and combining different images together. This moves the book away from an author-led linear narrative to one of multiple possibilities.He struggled with the design and selection for a long time but felt that he had to take responsibility for the whole project. It was the same with self-publishing and doing a crowd-funding campaign. Because of the expenses of making a concertina book and with all the hand work that it involves, he didn’t want a third party cutting on the production values because of costs. He was lucky that he found a great printing house in Istanbul, MAS matbaa, that worked very closely with him on the technical aspects and helped make the book financially viable.

Early Examples of Street Photography

“Stare. It is the way to educate your eye, and more. Stare, pry, listen, eavesdrop. Die knowing something. You are not here long.” Walker Evans, ca. 1960 from Afterword in Many Are Called

No better advice has ever been given to street photographers than that offered by Walker Evans, one the greatest American documentary photographers of the mid-twentieth century. Best known for his work depicting unsentimental pictures of poverty stricken sharecroppers in America’s deep south during the 1930s Depression, Evans would never have described himself as a ‘street photographer’ although he did roam the streets of New York. However, these instructions reveal the essence of what is now known as street photography: the impulse to take candid pictures in the stream of everyday life.

Walker Evans, American (1913-2009)

Street photography is an unbroken tradition stretching back to the invention of photography itself. It revels in the poetic possibilities that an inquisitive mind and a camera can conjure out of everyday life. Most street photographers get their best shots in crowded and populated urban areas such as shopping malls, high streets, parks, markets, cafes/bars, museums, subways, train stations or seaside promenades. In their spontaneous and often subconscious reaction to the fecundity of public life, street photographers elevate the commonplace and familiar into something mythical and even heroic. They thrive on the unexpected, seeing the street as a theatre of endless possibilities, the cast list never fixed until the shutter is pressed. They stare, they pry, they listen and they eavesdrop, and in doing so they hold up a mirror to the kind of societies we are making for ourselves.

Walker Evans was introduced to the work of Eugene Atget through his friend Berenice Abbott and he was immediately influenced by Atget’s dispassionate style and the way Atget grouped his pictures together in themes such as shop fronts, signs, interiors, architecture, portraits etc.

Many Are Called.
In 1938, Walker Evans began surreptitiously photographing people on the New York City subway. With his camera hidden in his coat – the lens peeking through a buttonhole – he captured the faces of riders hurtling through the dark tunnels, wrapped in their own private thoughts.

This in contrast to George Georgiou’s work within ‘Last Stop’ is somewhat similar to the fact that they are both concealing the camera as much as possible to get as real of an image as possible. Within Georgiou’s work he is photographing from above street level on a double-decker bus giving more of a separation from the photographer’s reality, and the people photographed’s reality. Evans aimed to capture people within their own thoughts ; Georgiou aimed to capture people in the middle of acting through their daily routine.

In both of these images, two people have been photographed waiting for either a bus or a train. However, within Evans’ image the pedestrian’s are looking directly at him creating an awareness of their actions being captured. Illustrated in Georgiou’s image, these people are oblivious to the fact that they are being recorded in real time, this creates a sense of there being to separate narrative’s; the journey behind how these people are living out their daily routine, and the motivation behind the photographer. Both images are successful in how they capture strangers but both have very different stories to reflect. This narrative is achieved in the majority of mages included in ‘last Stop’, the sense of an outsider interpreting others’ life story and imagining what happens after the moment of connection is gone.

Full length portraits

This photo shoot was inspired by the narrative positive to negative and turning a negative film into a positive image and the photographer Francesca Woodman. I wanted to have more full length images due to most of my work being portraits and not incorporating the human form. I wanted to explore this idea of body image due to my relationship with my own not being the most healthy. Baggy clothes hid lumps and curves; I didn’t want to give people the opportunity to judge my figure, only for my critique. Alongside a lack of self respect baggy clothes became my comfort zone and a way to hide the troubles no one knew of. A realisation of these habits is when it came to events in which I would wear a dress. I would list everything wrong I see which was usually anything in sight head to toe. An improvement then began and started breaking comfortable habits and turned to new ones. Not just clothing but self respect building, still in the process, just learning to accept that no matter what I’m stuck with this vessel whether I like it or not. I am the person I spend the most tine with so if I don’t like myself, how are others supposed to enjoy their time with me. This project is an aid and insight into how my identity functions and how easily someone can return back to bad habits.

Inspired by Francesca Woodman, who produced universally commanding and profound images from the age of thirteen. Born into a family of artists, ‘art’ was her first language. She experienced early exposure to a plethora of exemplary creative people along with countless potential historical, literary, and theoretical influences. Woodman worked with traditional photographic techniques but was consistently performative and experimental in her practice. Many of her works are multi-media, including drawings, selected objects, and sculptures within her photographs. Settings may vary from confined interiors to the expansive outdoors, but Woodman herself is always there. Typically the sole subject, and often naked, she can be found caught entwined within a landscape or edging out of the photographic frame. Interested in the limits of representation, the artist’s body is habitually cropped, endlessly concealed, and never wholly captured. Woodman was acutely aware of the evanescent nature of life and of living close to death. She positions the self as too limitless to be contained, and thus reveals singular identity as an elusive and fragmentary notion.

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Side by Side

My interpretation of her hair pulling image above is more of a close up portrait due to me wanting to focus more on my features i dislike the most: large nose and cankle neck.

My interpretation of the image above was more focused on the idea of me being in dress; i never really express my feminine side so when I do I like to celebrate it. I don’t know why I don’t like the more femme things in life but it’s me breaking out of my girly controlled fashion in my childhood, and breaking into my own sense of self and style.

This image I interpreted as trying to break free from yourself but you’re limited to your own skin and energy.

Photobook Research

Sugar Paper Theories – Jack Latham

Sugar Paper Theories is Jack Latham’s second major project in response to a notorious unsolved double murder investigation in Iceland.

This video interview with Jack Latham helps to explain the circumstances of the case and the photobook that resulted from the work he made in Iceland:

  • How might fear and suspicion, a sense of isolation, an unforgiving climate, concerns about cultural changes and deep seated folklore traditions, help to create a situation where innocent people are arrested, questioned, charged and convicted of crimes they did not commit?
  • What might have caused those convicted to confess to these crimes? What is Memory Distrust Syndrome and how do people become a victim of it?
  • How do we use photographs to help us remember?
  • How reliable are our memories? How reliable are photographs as a form of evidence?

Narrative:

Sugar Paper Theories tells and documents the various places and people that feature in various accounts of what happened forty years ago when two men went missing in southwest Iceland. The narrative is told using various new photographs of the places produced by Latham himself as well as archival material of photographs as well as information sheets e.g. newspapers, the narrative is told with each disappearance separately and moving from one conspiracy about each to the other. Using police files he immersed himself into all aspects of the case including key protagonists and sites from the investigation as well as conspiracy theories, forensic science to the notion of Memory Distrust Syndrome, Latham’s project examines issues of evidence and truth, certainty and uncertainty, especially with regard to memory and the medium of photography. 

Deconstruction:

Book in Hand: The book is 310 x 230mm and is a soft cover to the touch, a very distinct smell sets itself in the book as the front and back cover are both the material of sugar card and the papers inside consist of sugar paper creating a distinct smell

Paper and ink: Sugar Paper Theories uses various types of paper from sugar paper, held in the title, and a thick matt photo paper, which holds a lot of the colour and archival material depicting specific places or people, the sugar paper on the other hand holds black and white photographs speak across the page into slightly unclear images. It also contains smaller matt pages that are thin they are almost transparent which holds some of the informations as well as the cut down sugar paper inserts.

Format, size and orientation: The book is portrait 310 x 230mm in a rectangular shape, overall there are 46 colour photographs, 37 black and white photographs, 8 illustrations, 9 press cuttings.

Binding: It is a soft cover book with a saddle stitch holding together, there is an image wrap across the front and back cover of a drawing of a potential theory from the case. The spine has a fabric cover over that bleeds around a cm onto the front and back. Bound in the same style as the police case files that Latham

Cover: The cover itself is a thick sugar paper, a yellow tinted colour with a hand drawn image spread across of one of the potential theories in felt tip and biro. Could be from a local citizen rather than a legal investigation theory from the connotations of drawn on sugar paper using green felt tips.

Title: The title of the Photobook is inspired by Latham’s findings while out in Iceland, he found a timeline of events mapped out of sugar paper of a conspiracy theorists desk which eventually inspired the title and cover of the book.

Structure and architecture / Editing and Sequencing: The sequencing alludes to the dubious interrogation technique employed by the police, where they asked questions out of chronological order. Latham uses inserted different sized papers to introduce the elements of police files and evidence, another structure element is the French fold found in the book Latham uses so the reader cannot see the ‘full picture’ developing a sense of ambiguity around what it is or maybe what is going on.

Design and layout: Sugar paper theories leaves near to no blank pages, landscape photographs are often presented on half the portrait pages rather than across the double page and those which are presented larger are folded over with a French Fold.

Images and text: There is no introduction text from Latham however text is used heavily in Sugar Paper Theories, using evidence notes and police files on the inserts, it adds context to some photographs as well as making everything more confusing by showing what was said and found as it was, is, a puzzling case anyway, text is also linked with the photographs to landmark them, names of places and peoples and linking them to the different conspiracy’s≥

Deconstructing Photo Book

Photo book chosen- “The Middle of Somewhere”Sam Harris

Researching the Photo Book

Researching the photo book by Sam Harris, it is seen to be a visual book which showcases a family diary revolving around his two daughters growing up. I learned that Harris is used a focused lens to show his daughters childhood in a place where it is seen if very free and allows experience. There are naturalistic elements throughout the book such as trees and sunlight which are also shown through shadows and sunlight faces, representing ‘suggestive photography’. In a similar element, it has also been noted that most of these images took place in India, a location the family moved to in order for their children to grow up around culture, freedom and overall living in a simpler existance. The twelve year span the book was taken over is showing the families life day to day, supporting this it was seen that a travelogue was included in the families book, showing life on the road in Australia and villages in India where they birthed their second daughter.

Harris’s approach to this book is seen to be expressing meanings on love, growing up, family, landscape and sisterhood, all of which are personal parts to the family and show a certain type of intimacy while still creating memorable memories, creating an inspiring collection of images, all having a sense of feeling.

Related Quote- “My work is a celebration of childhood, family life, love and our simplistic lifestyle which intertwines with out environment.”

Image represents the element of childhood, nature as well as simplicity through the use of taking a bath.

Harris’s Intentions

Harris is an American author and podcast host who is known for his work focusing on topics such as neuroscience, terrorism and free will, helping his development in creating development images, leading me to research into why he’s chosen to create a photo-book when not having previous experience. Looking into Harris’s photo book, I personally think that his intentions when making the book was to show his fresh start living on the road in Australia with his daughters who were growing up quickly. This could also be a physical memory he wanted to look back on as well as show his daughters once grown up. This therefore shows his intended audience being for mainly his family who can relive memories. An active way of allowing the family to look back on memories is by including text in the book which represents dates and locations of where they were which is represented towards the beginning of the book.

Although the book has not gained any major awards, It is well known by other photographers and inspired people to create their own imagery to create personal images to book back on.

Deconstructing the book… Narrative, Concept and Design

-Book in hand- When holding the book in hand, it was clear that this has a soft, flexible cover with small texture to it on both the front and back on the cover (paperback). There seems to be no visible binder. The book is also quite heavy.

-Paper and ink- The images in the book can be seen to be presented in either black and white or colour on matt white paper which is smooth in texture. Their are post- it notes and written text inside the book which adds a feel of it being a scrapbook.

The elements of ‘written ink’ is shown within this image which had been written by his daughters.

-Format, Size and Orientation- This is a portrait styled book which is larger then an A5 size however not A4. There are smooth corners on the book which is in a rectangle shape and includes 2 inserts inside as well as post-it notes and 94 images.

-Title- The title to the book has. an element of mystery to it in coordination to the green background which can be interpreted as nature. This title could represent many different elements such as a relationship between nature and the author. Due to this sense of mystery this could draw in people to buy it as it has a metaphorical meaning.

-Narrative- The story is about him and his families travel through Australia and is a ‘family diary’ of moments they shared with their two daughters. It is said that he used this book in order to create physical memories which the family could look back on as a group. It is also said that they’re reason for taking the daughters away from the city is because they wanted them to experience nature for what it was and wanted them to live in a simplistic environment.

-Structure and Architecture- There are not many repetition motif’s going on in this phonebook, however it is seen that they include either written work such as dates/ locations where they traveled or hand written aspects on posit notes that their daughters had written to add a more personal feel to the book. There are also a lot of noticeable naturalistic images such as clouds, trees and roads which are included to separate the images taken of his children, adding to the feel of a journey and again showing where they were at the time the images of their daughters were taken.

Shows elements of nature

-Design and Layout- The photographer used a wide variety of techniques when displaying him images. Some are shown in a landscape form, some a portrait. Adding to this, some of the landscape ones are portrayed on a double spread where as others are shown to be on single pages etc. There are no fold outs in the book, only small elements such as posit notes which I personally feel as if adds the element of evidence it needed while not making it confusing. This allows all focus to be on the images taken.

-Images and Text- Throughout the phonebook there are pages which include text, mostly typed but also written. The typed text is used to show poems and location/dates as said beforehand which gives the book the separation that it needs from images. The use of this text also allows for the audience to understand the story of the book as well as appreciate the sentimental values which lies within the book.

Text is represented in this image in coordination with the image of his youngest daughter on the left, incorporating nature.

Claudia Ruiz Gustafson

https://www.lensculture.com/projects/688668-historias-fragmentadas

Originally from Lima, Perú, Claudia Ruiz Gustafson is a fine art photographer based in Massachusetts. Her work is mainly autobiographical and self reflective.

Claudia Ruiz Gustafson grew up in a conservative middle class family in Perú and moved to the US when she was in her twenties. As time went and the last of her grandparents died, Claudia felt compelled to bring attention to what she had left behind, being the only person in her family who left her country of origin. This series made Claudia look deeper into her past by exploring memories and the emotion of loss.

In her series, Historias fragmentadas (Fragmented stories), she creates digital compositions from images of the past. By tearing, juxtaposing and layering archival documents, fragments from her journals and objects from her childhood, she has shed light on a personal story within an ancestral story that spans generations. Continuing her exploration to recall what she has lost, Claudia uses staged imagery, mostly self portraits, to transport her physical presence into the spiritual past as seen in the compositions. The conversations within this series, exposes the vulnerability of childhood, a longing for a time gone by and the truths of a particular Latin American Family.

I have chosen Claudia Ruiz Gustafson as my final reference for my personal investigation because her autobiographical, self reflective series Historias Fragmentadas has inspired me to make my own digital compositions. Like Claudia, I want to use archival images and documents to explore my past and my cultural identity. To respond to her work I will be juxtaposing, tearing and layering archival images in order to tell a personal story. I also hope to continue exploring my past through self portraits.

This digital collage depicts two photographs combined together. The archival image in the background depicts a middle aged man and two children. The family portrait seems to have been captured in the forest and is definitely from the past suggested by the torn edges and black and white film. The foreground image, torn in half, also depicts a forest landscape. Perhaps the same forest location from the background has also been captured in the present. I make this assumptions because Claudia feels like the best way for her to tell stories is by juxtaposing elements from the past and present. The foreground image is in colour which is why I assume that the photograph has been captured recently. Like Carolle Benitah, Claudia also uses the colour red when presenting her archival images. Apparently she uses the colour red because it symbolises the blood lineage among family members. What instantly captures your attention are the two red spirals created by thread. Both circles focus on faces depicted in the family portrait: The middle aged man, presumably her grandfather, and the young girl who is most likely to be Claudia herself. She has probably created this visual aspect to explore the relationship she used to have with her grandfather before he died. Claudia has said that the reason why she created this series is to bring attention to what she had left behind in Peru when she moved to the US.

Claudia has worked with a photograph from her family archive that she has inherited from a relative. The colour red makes an appearance once again and this time it seems to be some sort of fabric which runs down the middle of the composition. The Portrait image is torn in half, probably signifying that although her mother/grandmother has passed away the family blood line still remains. This digital collage displays layers of different archival material combined together. In the middle there is a fragment of paper, perhaps from her childhood journal or a letter she has received from the individual in the image

Understanding Photobook DEsign

YU The Lost Country- Dragana Jurisie

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Initial thoughts: From reading the title I assumed it was a documentary photo book about an unknown country. The image on the front page and the colours give a gloomy impression.

Dragana Jurisie: She was born in Slavonski Brod, Croatia which was then known as Yugoslavia. Now she lives in Dublin as a photographer. In 1991 her family home burnt down, this is when she said her journey as a photographer began, the day that thousands of prints and negatives her father made were destroyed. Jurisie realised that day the power photography has over memory, after the fire her father never took a photograph other then a snapshot to record the damage for the insurance company. In the 1990 census she was denied the right to be a Yugoslav despite her Croatian father and Siberian mother. The reason for her exile was because “Yugoslavia does not exist. It is a heterogeneous conglomerate that you cobbled together in Paris.”

The Book: is A5 size and is portrait. It has a linen material stuck over the hard cover, which has an image printed on it in blue and white, the material gives it a pixelated filter.

The title of the book can be seen on the spine alongside the authors name. On the front cover it can be seen in the bottom right hand corner. The title ‘YU’ stands for Yugoslavia, ‘the lost country’ is situated in the middle of the ‘YU’, giving initial connotations that Yugoslavia is currently unknown, I personally had never heard of it.The title is fairly literal because Yugoslavia I now know was a state formed in 1918 that composed to six socialist republics before breaking off into five countries.

The story behind the book is about the extinction of Yugoslavia, Jurisie uses documentary photography to create this narrative, by travelling to the current countries that used to made up ‘the lost country’. The first page of the book is of another book which is all about Yugoslavia, she uses this book as a navigation for her travels.

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The majority of the book follows an image on the right and text on the left but there is an odd double page spread of image on the left and text on the right. Some pages have quotes were from Rebecca West the British writer, who was in a similar situation to Jurisie, so they hold a sentimental value and hold a similar opinion to herself. None of the images fill a full page, which gives is a scrap book feel like a traveler would make of their holidays. Under the text for each page their is a note of what city in what country the image was taken.

The juxtaposition between the old maps and the new images of Yugoslavia it adds a sense of time and how much things can change. Places that used to be meaningful to you are now unknown and foreign. In literal meaning it is contrasting the past and present, for Jurisie it creates nostalgia but for me its a new story.

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The text and the images create anchorage, the two elements together make the narrative, without the text the images could have any meaning and be in any country. This concept of text and images works for me as a reader, it adds structure to the chain of images especially with the name of the country, its as if I am on the journey with her. The minimalist design works in harmony with the age of Yugoslavia and how at the time the majority of photography was influenced by realism which is the pinnacle of simplicity and lack of hidden meaning.

This photobook links in many ways to my concept as its all about identity. After her exile she felt lost and unwanted so she went on a journey to reignite that feeling of comfort and belonging, but instead she felt confused as her once foreign home of Ireland was now more familiar than her real home. She used photography as a way to feel closer to her father and her home but realised like the photos she lost in the fire that she also lost her memories of her homeland. Her absence from physically being in Yugoslavia caused her to forget her time there, much like her forgetting the times in the photos that were burnt. Without being and seeing, the memory ceases to exist.

Sans Limites – theo Gosselin

The book is hard back and slightly heavy, with a subtle sawdust smell. The images in the book are printed on A4 white card, which makes the images look bright. Within the book there is no writing, the story telling is through the images in the book which tell the story of Theo Gosselin who goes on a road trip with his friends and documents it through images, it is showing what he say and the carefree personality that people of that age have, this is really represented in the following images;

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There are 112 pages showing how Gosselin lived and the activities he got up to during his time of freedom. Also, the lighting of the images is pure and bright which suggests most of his images where taken at sunrise or sunset, making the images highly focused and giving them natural lighting which enhances their surrounding. There are a few full spread images within the book and the rest of the images are one to a page with a white boarder around them, which makes you focus on the image you are looking at.

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The following is a link to a flick through the book; https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwie7MzM-ILnAhWExoUKHQTJDxQQjRx6BAgBEAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvimeo.com%2F123189895&psig=AOvVaw23Y4BCu5HR2AzLkDR0lGKb&ust=1579086091739369

The main audience for this book would be the younger generation, as I believe that older people would frown upon some of the images within the book. The images represent a carefree life, and it is encouraging adventure to the audience. The title of the book SANS LIMITES, means without limits, so they are living there life as they please with no regrets, they also stand as role modes to the younger generation to go and enjoy the life. The images are so simple yet captivating, it is as if the images have been taken out of a movie as they tell such a profound story

Shoot 5- A child

I was influenced by Joanna Piotrowska for this image and her staged family portraits. This is meant to mimic a child looking under their bed for monsters before they go to sleep. As a child I did this and some of my brothers still do.

The bucket is significant as it continues my theme of lack of identity.

UNDERSTANDING PHOTO-BOOK design

Photo-book Chosen – The Epilogue by Laia Abril

What the story is about?

For me I think that the story portrays a family struggles and how they deal with losing a love one to a disease.

What the photographer made it for?

The photographer made this book to focus on the indirect realities that are based around feminism, therefore tells the story of how a family loses their daughter to bulimia.

Audience?

Girls – Woman- families

  • Book in hand: how does it feel? Smell, sniff the paper.

When I looked at the book

  • Paper and ink: use of different paper/ textures/ colour or B&W or both.

The photo book uses a Matt paper however uses inserts with normal printing paper with either letters, and official documents.

  • Format, size and orientation: portraiture/ landscape/ square/ A5, A4, A3 / number of pages.

Portrait

  • Binding, soft/hard cover. image wrap/dust jacket. saddle stitch/swiss binding/ Japanese stab-binding/ leperello

Hard cover with a image wrap, glued stitching for binding.

  • Cover: linen/ card. graphic/ printed image. embossed/ debossed. letterpress/ silkscreen/hot-stamping.

Has got a printed image on the cover, with a blue card covering the girls face

  • Title: literal or poetic / relevant or intriguing.
From The Epilogue, Dewi Lewis Publishing © Laia Abril/Institute

The title can be found to be intriguing to the audience as it doesn’t give us an explanation into whats in the book

  • Narrative: what is the story/ subject-matter. How is it told?

The story is about a family who lost their daughter to bulimia, the book includes flashback before the event – testimonies – objects – letters

  • Structure and architecture: how design/ repeating motifs/ or specific features develops a concept or construct a narrative.

The structure of this book allows the reader to understand what is going on, the book is split in mini chapter specified by the date on a single page.

  • Design and layout: image size on pages/ single page, double-spread/ images/ grid, fold- outs/ inserts.

This photo book uses a lot of double page spreads, however in some pages uses tipin to add more information that the reader can read or look at

  • Editing and sequencing: selection of images/ juxtaposition of photographs/ editing process.

  • Images and text: are they linked? Introduction/ essay/ statement by artists or others.  Use of captions (if any.)
From The Epilogue, Dewi Lewis Publishing © Laia Abril/Institute

The are a mixture of this used in the photo book, all the text in this book relates to the image beside, this could be done by the photographer explaining what is happening in image, which gives more context to the reader.