PICTORIALISM

Pictorialism was first invented in the 1860s and has continued to be extensively popular till around 1910s, and initially began staging scenes which influenced Tableuax. Pictorialism is the development of photography into the reinvention of an art form placing beauty, tonality, and composition above creating an accurate visual record. This was where photography finally began to be fully accepted and began to be seen on the same line of painting and start to have it recognised as such by galleries and other artistic institutions. In the beginning of photography it was mainly for scientific and representational purposes. This soon shifted in the 1950s when advocates such as the English painter William John Newton who suggested that photography could also have huge artistic trait.

KEY CONVERSATIONS/CHARACTERISTICS

When photography first came about, and people first wanted it to be portrayed in the light of art and paintings photography was an entirely mechanical medium, its common that labour-intensive darkroom processes to produce unique prints. when printing the images it was common that other colours were used other than black and white ranging from warm brown to deep blue and may present visible brush strokes or other manipulation of the surface. Photograph was a way of projecting an emotional intent into the viewer’s realm of imagination.

METHODS/TECHNIQUES/PROCESSES

• Involved experimenting with chemicals in the dark room, and placing Vaseline on the lens, for effectiveness in final production
  

ARTIST ASSOCIATION

• F. Holland Day (1864-1933),
• Alfred Stieglitz (1864-1946),
• Clarence H. White (1871-1925),
• Edward Steichen (1879-1973)
• Paul L. Anderson (1880-1956),
• Charles Sheeler (1883-1965),
• Edward Weston (1886-1958),
• Man Ray (1890-1976) and
• Paul Strand (1890-1976);
• Julia Margaret Cameron (1885-1915)

REALISM

Photo realism which now also know as super-realism, was first invented in America as an art movement in the 1960s, and used photography as its basis for inspiration. Photo realism developed over time out of pop and minimalism movements that preceded it. Photo realism looked at breaking down hierarchies of popular topics where people what to present a view on a particular subject, for example cars, shops etc. It is presented in the genre of art that encompasses painting, drawing and other graphic media, this is where artist studies a photograph and the attempts to reproduce and recreate the as realistically as possible in another medium.

KEY CONVERSATIONS/CHARACTERISTICS

Photo realism is all about creating and producing photographs which are representable of something else and shows a real life situation, focuses a lot of little detail and shapes within the picture. As well as this it try’s to project a motion of feeling or an impact on our lives- documentary photography.

ARTSIST ASSOCIATION

• Thomas Eakins (1844-1916)
• Willy Ronis (1910-2009)
• Edouard Boubat (1923-1999)
• Charles Sheeler (1883-1965)
• Gustave Courbet (1856)