The exposure of an image is dependent on 3 variables/elements…
Shutter Speed
Aperture
ISO
These 3 variables must be set depending on the environment in which the photograph is being taken.
Shutter Speed – A faster shutter-speed lets in less light but takes a still freeze motion image of the subject. And a higher shutter speed lets in more light and gives the image a blur if motion is present.
Aperture – A lower aperture lets in more light and creates a smaller depth of field within an image and a higher aperture lets less light in and gives the image a larger depth of field.
ISO – A low ISO has less light sensitivity and causes the image to have a less grainy aesthetic, and a higher ISO has more slight sensitivity and gives an image a more grainy aesthetic.
Depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects within a focused image. And how focused separate elements of the image are.
An example of depth of field
In these images the depth of field is alternative as in the first image the main focus (the branch) is in crisp focus however the further objects in the image are unfocused/blurred. But in the second the depth of field is slightly more balanced as the background although not in full focus is more visible.
The depth of field of an image can be altered through the use of the camera’s aperture (approx f/1.4 to f/22)
As you can see in this diagram a lower aperture (eg. f/1.4) causes the background of the image to be unfocused with the close/main subject remaining in focus. However a higher aperture (eg. f/22) the whole image is focused.
'A classification according to general type.'
A typology consists of a collection of a single type or class of photographs, with the collection itself being more important than the individual components.
Karl Blossfeldt
Karl Blossfeldt was a German photographer who was born in 1865, he is best known for his close-up photographs of plants and living things which he used home-made cameras to take that could sometimes magnify a subject to thirty times its size which allowed him to capture optimum detail of plants and living things.
Brenda and Hilla Becher
Brenda and Hilla Becher were a married couple who worked as German conceptual artists and photographers as a collaborative duo. They are best known for their extensive series of photographic images, or typologies, of industrial buildings and structures
The focal length of your lens essentially determines how zoomed in your photos are, the higher the number, the more zoomed your lens will be and the lower the number the less zoomed tour lens will be.
The rule of thirds is a technique that can be used in your photography to improve the composition of your photos. Using the rule of thirds means that the subject isn't centered in the image, it also means that the main focus points of the image meet up along the lines, for example in the image below the horizon approximately meets the top line of the grid and the island in the distance meets up with the cross of the lines in the corner and the boat meets up with the grid on either end of the boat, this use of the rule of thirds create an interesting composition in the photo.
Google definition of depth of field - 'The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects giving a focused image.' The smaller the area of focus is the shallower the depth of field and the bigger the area of focus is the deeper the depth of field, these factors are controlled by the aperture of the camera, a large aperture creates a shallow depth of field meaning that fewer things are in focus, and a small aperture creates a deep depth of field meaning more things are in focus.
Below are some of my experiments using aperture to create different depths of field.
Keld Helmer-Petersen was a Danish photographer, born in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1920, he achieved his international breakthrough in 1948 when he published 122 Farvefotografier/122 Colour Photographs, a collection of experiments with shapes inspired by Albert Renger-Patzsch. Below are some examples of his work.
Below are some experiments that I did with my work inspired by Keld Helmer Petersen, to achieve this style of photo i used Photoshop, I began by firstly cropping the images to get rid of any negative space and improve the composition of my photos, i then used the threshold tool to make the images only two tones of white and black.
Keld Helmer-Petersen born the 20 August 1920 was a Danish photographer who got his breakthrough in the photogrpahy world when he published 122 Farvefotografier/122 Colour Photographs, this was a collection of experiments with shapes inspired by the work of Albert Renger-Patzsch and Neue Sachlichkeit. In the book was a collection of photos that he thought would only work in colour and not black and white.
Keld Helmer-Petersen was born and grew up in the Østerbro quarter of Copenhagen. He started taking photographs in 1938, when he received a Leica camera as a graduation present.[1] At an early stage, he became aware of the trends in international photography; in the 1940s he subscribed to the US Camera Annual and in this period became familiar with German inter-war photography, which had developed at the Bauhaus and in the Neue Sachlichkeit (The New Objectivity) movement. In his later life he released a series of other books which focused on a different light to other work in colour, as the books only contained black and white images.
Helmer-Peterson produced large bodies of work in which he presented his images as the black and white extremities of the tones of his subject. This gave his work a bold and considerably minimalist style. Many of his subjects were based around a theme of industrialisation and architecture. The lack of any tones between black and white mean that the viewer is able to quickly interpret what the image is putting forwards without any unnecessary distraction.
Helmer-Petersen Exhibition
My Response To Helmer-Petersen’s work
I produced this response simply in Photoshop using the threshold tool and adjusting it to a point where i believed it looked as aesthetically pleasing as possible. Then compiling the 4 edited images into 1 document in which the compliment one another.
The zone system was a technique that was created by Ansel Adams and Fred Archer in the 1930's, the technique can be help determine the correct exposure for any lighting conditions that you may encounter when taking photographs. The zone system consists of 11 different zones ranging from 0, pure white tones, to 10, pure black tone.
was a Danish photographer who got his breakthrough in the photogrpahy world when he published 122 Farvefotografier/122 Colour Photographs, this was a collection of experiments with shapes inspired by the work of Albert Renger-Patzsch and Neue Sachlichkeit. In the book was a collection of photos that he thought would only work in colour and not black and white.
