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New Topographics Homework Assignment

Planning

Task: Take 100-150 urban landscape/night photos

Props: I will be using a tripod in order to capture some long exposure shots at night.

Camera settings: For my long exposure shots I will be using a shutter speed of 30 seconds to make them more effective, along with a 100 ISO. For other landscape photographs I will be using an ISO of 200 with a shutter speed of 1/20 to allow enough light to enter the lens.

Lighting: I will be using lights from passing cars, buildings and lamp posts to capture my photographs

Location: Town

Context: I will be capturing photographs with the style of the New Topographics in mind.

Concept: To capture photos whilst taking influence from the style of Robert Adams and Stephen Shore.

My Photographs

Contact Sheet

My Edits

My Favourite Photo

In this photograph I used natural lighting. I took advantage of the lights in the down as dusk approached in order to cast contrasting orange colours against the blue-tinted town. I used a deep depth of field of  20 to capture this photograph to ensure that the whole of the image was clear and in focus. I used a shutter speed of 1/20 in order to allow enough light to enter the lens from the dark environment, paired with the low ISO of 100 that I used, it allowed me to create a high quality image with a wide tonal range.

There are lots of intense colours in this photograph such as the orange lights and the blue sea and sky which cast a blue tint on the photograph. It is generally quite a dark image with the lightest tone being the bright lights. It has a slight 3D effect due to the harbour in the middle separating the foreground and background.

This photograph has been taken with the work of the New Topographic movement in mind. It shows the industrial side of the environment and all the man-made structures along with nature being pushed to the background or covered up by man-made structures.

The photograph shows how the nature shown in the photograph has been taken over completely by man-made structures and has lost the attention it once had. This is symbolic for the New Topographic movement taking over from the Romanticism movement. It shows how quickly things can change for better or for worse.

 

Homework 2- Night Photography

Night Photography

Night photography refers to photographs taken outdoors between dusk and dawn. Night photographers generally have a choice between using artificial light and using a long exposure, exposing the scene for seconds, minutes, and even hours in order to give the film or digital sensor enough time to capture a usable image. With the progress of high-speed films, higher-sensitivity digital image sensors, wide-aperture lenses, and the ever-greater power of urban lights, night photography is increasingly possible using available light.

The following techniques and equipment are generally used in night photography.

  • A tripod is usually necessary due to the long exposure times. Alternatively, the camera may be placed on a steady, flat object e.g. a table or chair, low wall, window sill, etc.
  • A shutter release cable or self timer is almost always used to prevent camera shake when the shutter is released.
  • A camera lens with a wide aperture, preferably one with aspherical elements that can minimize coma

For my urban landscapes homework I decided do my photo shoot from a higher perspective taking inspiration from Nicholas Nixon and photographed buildings, with architectural views. I also took inspiration from Thomas Struth’s photos of industrialised cities and how he incorporated people and movement, presenting images of chaotic urban activity in some images, which is why I captured the movement and business of the cars. I decided to take my images as the sky was turning dark as I thought it would make the lights from the cars and buildings stand out more than if i took them in the day. In my first contact sheet the images have a blue tint where the the sun has not completely gone down, whereas my second contact sheet the sky in completely black by the end, showing the differences the light has on the images. In my second contact sheet the lights from the buildings and cars are much more bright and noticeable as the yellow/orange is contrasted with the black background , making it more clear that it is night time. I think these photos are more effective as the lights from the cars make the whole road light up, making it glow and stand out more.

I first tried editing my first image in black and white which makes the roads seem more dark and atmospheric with the street lights and windows contrasting  from the dark roofs. It shows clearly where the road leads from where the streets lights up  even though you cant see the street.

I compared my photograph in black & white and in colour and decided that i preferred the image in colour because of the how the yellow/orange lights contrast with the black roofs and buildings more than they do than in black and white. Also how the road is emphasised more as it is illuminated from the light which is soft and isn’t too intense.

“Most photographers struggle with one thing in particular. That is how to make their photos stand out from the crowd. You’ll be surprised at how many locations that appear rather mundane during the day can be made to look incredibly dramatic at night. In cities, for example, you will find well-lit facades, bridges, skylines, etc. The city lights add interest and a dramatic effect giving you lots to work with.”

I also chose this image as it shows the business of a road filled with movement, presenting an image of chaotic urban activity, similar to Thomas Struth. The city that Struth presents is unregimented: there is little architectural unity, this is what i tried to interpret. I tried to show energy and speed within the image which I think I achieved from the blurring of the cars and lights by slowing the shutter speed slightly. I increased the exposure when taking the photo so all sections in the image are visible, still keeping the cars and the road the main focus of the image.

I chose this image as it is different from my other images but still overlooks chaotic urban activity but  scaled down by using a long lens to focus in on a specific street. The headlights of the car highlight the people crossing the road not too intensely so the overall image is softer than it would be in daylight. The corners of the image are black where the buildings are and gradually towards the center of the image is where the main focus of the image is.

Nicholas Nixon

Influenced by the photographs of Edward Weston and Walker Evans, he began working with large-format cameras. Whereas most professional photographers had abandoned these cameras in favor of shooting on 35 mm film with more portable cameras, Nixon preferred the format because it allowed prints to be made directly from the large format negatives, retaining the clarity and integrity of the image.

Image result for NICHOLAS NIXON landscape photographyHis very first pictures are mostly architectural views of the city taken from rooftops and part of them were included in the “New Topographics” exhibition in 1975. “My idea at the time was to put my feelings in service to clear description. When I moved to Boston in 1974, I was enthralled with it and was trying to figure it out. Getting on rooftops was a great way to learn…not unlike the way one climbs to the top of a bluff or a mountain: to see more.”  He took photos from above, “like a landscape surveyor,” he said. “You could see where the streets go, you could see where everything lines up.”

Family Album, through May 2011. In Summer 2013 Nixon’s newest book will be released by Steidl. The body of work entitled Close Far explores the relationship of the self in physical and psychological proximity to the urban landscape. Nixon’s work is included in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art, New York, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, among many others.

Thomas Struth

Thomas Struth began taking photographs of industrialised cities when he was studying under Bernd Becher (born 1931) at the Düsseldorf Academy.  He has continued to explore and develop the theme for almost twenty years, focusing his attention on such cities as New York, Tokyo, Berlin and Naples.  Struth’s images of the urban environment concentrate on seemingly unspectacular streets and public spaces. He seeks to record the face of urban space, seeing the architectural environment as a site where a community expresses its history.

Via Giovanni Tappia, Naples 1989 1989 Thomas Struth

This photo is taken in Via Giovanni Tappia, Naples 1989. Struth focuses his camera on the Neapolitan cityscape where he places the camera in the middle of the street at eye level. This creates a one-point perspective that leads the viewer’s eye down the street. It also results in the road being as much the focus of the scene as the apartment buildings on either side. There are few signs of the lives of the inhabitant, leaving no trace of their presence. Struth presents an image of a slightly scruffy, inner-city residential street which is filled with traces of activity and domestic life. This suggest that his images can be read as exploring differences in national character through the way urban space is inhabited.

In recording the urban environment, Struth deliberately refers to the tradition of black and white documentary photography, adopting a seemingly objective position. The compositions are simple and the photographs are neither staged nor digitally manipulated in post-production.  However, in spite of a link to the reportage tradition, Struth avoids both its snapshot approach and its quest for the capture of a fleeting, spontaneous image. Rather he carefully selects the sites where, using long exposures he makes sharply focused images.

Shinju-ku, (TDK), Tokyo 1986

Struth focuses on a busy intersection in urban Tokyo. He has taken the photograph from the middle of the road, pointing the camera down the street. As a result the spectator’s eye is drawn into the image and invited to inspect the architectural environment. The technique is one which Struth has employed in many of the street scenes since the late 1970s. However, unlike many similarly constructed images, the Tokyo photograph is not deserted. It is rather filled with people and movement, presenting an image of chaotic urban activity. The city that Struth presents is unregimented: there is little architectural unity. Because so much activity is included in the image, Struth is able to evoke the dynamic energy, speed and frenetic temporality characteristic of contemporary Japanese urban culture.

Homework 1- Romanticism in Landscape photography

To explore romanticism i planned to visit 3 different places on different days so each image was varied with a different setting and weather. I planned to show an interest in the natural world, taking inspiration from Fay Godwin creating careful compositions and control over tonal values, light and atmosphere.

For this photograph I tried to find a path or stream to be in my image with a natural setting. I focused on the branches in the foreground of the image and left the background more out of focus emphasising the misty environment which creates more atmosphere in the picture. Fay Godwin photos mainly consist of natural environments with trees, fields and beaches which is where I went to take my images.

For my second photo shoot I decided to take my images around sunset creating a more romantic setting. Both images have clouds making them more atmospheric and interesting.  In the first photo I decreased the exposure to make the sea darker which emphasises the white and the rocks in the bottom half of the image. In the top half of the image i did not decrease the exposure, but did increase the contrast slightly and adjusted the levels to make the image more effective.

I also tried, when on one of my photoshoots, to take a panoramic on my phone to get a elongated field of view an dot get  wider view of the environment

Panoramic Photography:

Panoramic photography is a technique that stitches multiple images from the same camera together to form a single, wide photograph (vertical or horizontal). The term “panorama” literally means “all sight” in Greek and it first originated from painters that wanted to capture a wide view of a landscape, not just a certain part of it. The first panoramic photographs were made by simply aligning printed versions of film, which did not turn out very well, because it was close to impossible to perfectly align photographs. With the invention of personal computing, advancements in computer software and digital photography, it is now much easier to stitch digital images together using specialized software.

Romanticism Photoshoot Response

In this shoot I will be focusing on photography surrounding Romanticism. To help me with my shoot I will use Fay Godwin as my influence from a photographer, I chose her because of how her photography uses much of the scenery seen in Jersey and so could use her techniques to provide guidance on what to take as seen below:Image result for Fay GodwinBefore taking the shoot I wanted to pull some ideas together on what to take, allowing for a guideline to my photos, this was my outcome:

Once I had a general idea on what I could do for the shoot I finally moved onto the images themselves with these being the outcome:

From the photographs I decided on, I made a selection of ten images that I thought presented my best imagery from the overall shoot on the topic of romanticism. These were my choices:

I chose these images because I thought they popped out from the rest of the shoot, and had a greater understanding of what romanticism in photography was about. I found that their vivid colours and use of depth of field made them particularly effective. From here I wanted to whittle my selection down to just five images to really provide a clearer insight into my final image for the shoot. This is my selection:

I chose this image due to how I loved the effect created from the back light that was meant to illuminate Gorey Castle at night, that instead silhouetted the housing and trees around it, creating an aesthetically pleasing result as an outcome. And with the slight use of red and oranges from the housing I though it really balanced it out.

What I loved in this image was the use of the depth of field, this created a focus on a certain section of the woods which instantly drew the eye through the use of its vivid greens. Within the image I used Photoshop to enhance the greens within the image to make it more suited to the theme of Romanticism with the expected outcome as desired.

I found that this images use of contrast between the light provided by the lamps created an aesthetically pleasing photo. This was because of how by making the oranges within the picture more vivid, it emphasised the shadows created by the surrounding boats, thus drawing the eye instantly to the soft glow of the lamp centred in the middle of the picture.

The gradient created by the sky I thought particularly allowed for a romanticism theme. This was because of how the majority of the image was made up of the slow but constant changing of shades of blues into yellows, with only a small percentage made up by the landscape. I found that by darkening the ground it created a greater effect onto the sky due to an emphasis to the colours.

What I loved about this image was the composition and the dark and grim colours. This is because of how the skeletons of the trees create a sinister but beautiful effect on the pathway through the middle of them, with unclear imagery of people in the far distance. I also liked the use of depth of field as well due to how the trees slowly faded and merged into one collective backdrop, whilst maintaining the desired look.

After analysing each of the five images, I decided to come to an overall decision on the final piece from the selection. This is my final choice for the best image out of the shoot:

I chose this as my final image because of how I loved the contrast created by the floodlights to Gorey Castle. I found that through this it completely emphasised the silhouettes of both the tree and the house in a sinister but fascinating way. I also liked how the floodlight captured by the camera is seen as a circular gradient in which slowly fades into darkness, with the three red lights being there to balance out the image as a whole and not let the black overpower the piece.

 

 

 

Fay Godwin

Who was Fay Godwin?

Fay Godwin was renowned for her black and white landscape photographs of the British countryside and coast. She also produced a series of portraits of literary figures, with many of them being collaborated in her 1979 book ‘Remains of Elmet’.

Fay Godwin had no training when it came to photography, but rather became interested in it from photographs of her families snaps. From there she went on to produced portraits of well-known writers, photographing nearly every significant literacy figure in the 1970s and 1980s within England.

Later in the years her love of walking led to the inspiration to pursue landscape photography. She often photographed isolated, remote areas of the British landscape and producing many pastoral scenes as well as contrasting urban landscapes. Godwin became president of the Ramblers Association from 1987 to 1990, where she became well-known for her work as an environmentalist.

In 1987 Godwin was awarded a major Arts Council Bursary to enable her to continue her landscape work in distant parts of Scotland. Her work soon started to appear in many public and private collections, including the Victoria and Albert Museum, The British Council, the Scottish National Portrait Gallery and many more. Originally her work began a world tour by the British Council, but later became a Fellow of the National Museum of Photography and in 1990 received an Honorary Fellowship from the Royal Photographic Society.

Some of her work can be seen below:

As seen above Godwin focuses on very much of what is normal in the landscape, however she tends to use the weather to create more dramatic images to what would usually be seen, such as the clouds to create contrast on the land.

Fay Godwin

Fay Godwin is very much a writer’s photographer, in more senses than one. Poets and novelists are drawn to her work, and she worked closely with several. The work comments on both the romanticism of the British Landscape and the harsh man altered reality.

Godwin’s involvement with photography stemmed from the hobby of photographing her children which led in the early 1970s to commissioned portraits of poets and writers. Her interest in landscape was stimulated by her love of walking. She subsequently co-authored many essays, guide-books and poems on the theme of British landscape.

When photographing landscapes she worked in black & white and her genuine concern for the environment made her a unique figure in British photography.  Her images were noted for their clarity, careful composition and expert control over tonal values. She was known for great tenacity and determination when creating an image. When someone once remarked to her that she had been lucky to catch the ideal cloud formations in a particular picture she quickly replied, ‘I didn’t “catch” it. I sat down and waited three days for it.’
Heptonstall

Image Analysis:

  • The image contains horizontal lines which divides the image into three sections demonstrating the rule of thirds.
  • It contains a hill in the foreground and more hills in the background creating sections within the image that join together to make shapes, similar to three triangles.
  • The placement of the horizontal lines makes the image a good composition as each section is a different tone: the foreground starts off the darkest followed by a lighter grey followed by the white in the sky to emphasise the dark clouds.
  • The darker tones allow for the beams of sunlight to be emphasised coming forward creating a misty effect in the middle ground which is also emphasised by the dark bushes and trees.
  • The main cloud in the sky on the left is the same tone as the foreground making it stand out from the white sky and make a complementary picture.
  • Fay Godwin’s image is an example of romanticism in landscape photography as it shows an interest in the natural world and has a powerful and dramatic composition and provides an expression of personal sentiment.

 

2nd Photoshoot // Studio Photography

For this photo shoot I intend to explore a larger range of lighting and backdrops to display a wide range of studio photographs. My previous photoshoot consisted of plain facial expressions and didn’t create a story or portray any sense of the models personality. Inspired by work produced by Rankin I decided to take some more images within the school studio to try and capture images which can convey a story or sense of emotion in which the model is feeling. I also wanted to try and incorporate a greater understanding of chiaroscuro by editing the images to be highly contrasted.

Contact Sheet

Edits

My Favourite  Edit 

Within the process of taking this photo, I used artificial lighting in the studio with a blackened background. Using artificial lighting, mainly which came from the flash on my camera, helped to illuminate my models faces which is the main focus of the picture. I also used back lighting from above to help bring out the models hair, however it wasn’t too bright that made the hair distracting from the key elements of the photograph like the stretched parts of skin. I directed this photo with the intention to create a strong emotional response on the viewer which i believe has been successfully achieved. The image almost reflects a sense of deformity or could relate to physical abuse which is are very touching and horrifying topics. I like how the high contrast between the background and the facial features really brings out these themes which were intended to portray. To create the distorted effect upon the models faces, I played around with all the colours within Lightroom and increased the clarity by around 80 to really emphasis the detail within the face.  Increasing the clarity really helped to bring the image alive to give an extra punch and impact. I think this image was successful, not only because of the detail and the editing as a whole, but due to the story I was able to create, which could vary across several topics leading to the viewer able to unpick and interpret the photo how they like.

 

 

Studio Lighting | Response

My Studio Portraits

Edits

For this image, I got someone to hold the red and orange gels on either side of the light. I did not use the softbox as I did not want the light to be diffused, and felt a harsher spotlight would allow for nice shadows. When editing, I cropped the image a little bit on either side and increased the brightness to 45 on Photoshop to give more vibrance to the colour.

This image I used the softbox so that the light was more even throughout the photo, however I also placed spotlights on both sides of the subject to give some shadow. In Photoshop, I altered the hue to -33, and increased the saturation to 100 to make the colour more powerful.

For the above 2 images, I placed only one spotlight on one side of the subject so that half their face was lit up and the other half was not.

I reduced the saturation for both images so that they were black and white, then increased the brightness to 74 in the first image and decreased it to -88 in the second image. I also adjusted the contrast to 44 in the second image.