Exposure Bracketing
Bracketing in general is a term used to describe a sequence of images taken by a camera with slight differences in the settings.
following on that, Exposure Bracketing involves taking a sequence of pictures of the same scene at a range of exposure settings. The reason you do this is because the camera might have been ‘deceived’ by the light available(too much or too little) and your main subject may be over or under exposed. By taking multiple shots you are making sure that whatever is the case, then you would have properly compensated for it.
HDR Imagery
HDR is short for High Dynamic Range. It is a post-processing task of taking either one image or a series of images, combining them, and adjusting the contrast ratios to do things that are virtually impossible with a single aperture and shutter speed.
Cameras are limited to the amount of image detail they can record when the sensor is exposed to light. Whether you’re using the auto settings or are taking pics using skillfully tuned manual settings, your goal is trying to take advantage of the available light to maximize the detail in the result image. The problem is, when you’re shooting heavy shadows and bright lights, you are forced into losing detail in one range or the other.
As you can see in the image above, the camera has taken several images at the same time with different exposure levels, the final image is created by layering and combining them in order to get this look.
The basic idea of creating a combination image with multiple exposures is not new to photography. As long as cameras have had the limitation of standard ranges, clever photographers have been hacking ways to create the best possible image. Brilliant photographer Ansel Adams used dodging and burning techniques to selectively expose his prints and create amazing rich detail in images.