Depth Of Field
Google definition of depth of field - 'The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects giving a focused image.' The smaller the area of focus is the shallower the depth of field and the bigger the area of focus is the deeper the depth of field, these factors are controlled by the aperture of the camera, a large aperture creates a shallow depth of field meaning that fewer things are in focus, and a small aperture creates a deep depth of field meaning more things are in focus.
Below are some of my experiments using aperture to create different depths of field.