Focal Length and Focusing

The focal length on a camera is dependent on the size off lens it has been fitted with. A small lens knows as a wide angle lens could be around 12mm however larger lenses knows as telephoto would be around 150mm.

There are two main ways to focus your camera, manual and automatic. manual focus allows you to use the focus ring on your lens to chose when and what you want to focus on. This is useful because it gives us more control over the image and allows us to focus on specific things. Auto focus is where the camera automatically focuses on a subject generally in the center of the frame however this can be changed. This function is helpful when we have time constraint for example if the subject is in motion.

Typologies Homework Task Week 4

Typologies

Typologies by definition are a classification according to general type. So in photography they are collections of similar ‘things’ compiled together to produce a visually similar set of photographs.

Photo shoot contact Sheet

Photographic typologies produced from my photo-shoot

Guitar Pedals
Door Numbers
Washers
Plectrums
Heart Shaped Stones
Switches

Keys
Manholes
Coloured card
Pottery
Drill Parts
Pebbles

Photographer Research One (Jeff Brouws)

Photographer Research Two (Bernd & Hilla Becher)

 

 

Depth of Feild

Depth of field in photography is where a photographer will change the aperture on their camera to change what is in focus. the lower the aperture the less thing the camera will focus on for example with a f/2 the camera would focus on one thing and everything else in the frame would become blurred. With a higher aperture such as f/22  the majority of the frame would be in focus no matter how fare away from the lens

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Bokeh

Bokeh is the effect made when lights are out of focus, this can be accidental or on purpose to make aesthetic background. By setting the camera to the largest aperture the camera will blur anything which is not being focused on.  We can also use manual focus to change which parts of the light are blurred, the more out of focus the larger the Bokeh light circles will be. The circle shapes which we see in Bokeh photos is simply the shape of the hole in the lens. This shape can be changed to a hexagon depending on the aperture, we can also make caps to go on our lenses which creat other shapes such as hearts. I used my 55-250mm lens to create a bokeh effect using fairy lights, I made a trail from the camera and up the wall to show what they look like at different focal lengths.

With the whole frame out of focus the light circles become larger and the whole image looks blurred.  When the image is slightly more in focus only the lights which are close to the lens make a bigger circle. Some of the wires in the mid ground are more in focus this is because the focus point was in the center of the frame.

Colour overlays, Blending and using Free Transform Experimentation

This effect is achieved by :

CTRL J > move tool > add a vector mask > paintbrush > size > opacity > blend

You can blend through your image giving it a ghostly appearance due to its opacity like the image above.

This effect is called colour overlaying, achieved by:

  1. Selecting an area of your image that you want to adapt
  2. Add a colour overlay from your layers panel
  3. Reducing the opacity to the appropriate amount or using the blending options
  4. Finally, using Free Transform (CTRL T) to rotate, move or change the shape of your new overlay

Colour Popping is the effect of decreasing an image’s saturation except the areas that you want colour to stand out in. It is achieved by:

1.Opening a colour image

2.Reduce the saturation in your layers panel

3.Click the Vector  / layer Mask (white box)

4.Use the paint brush to remove the areas you want (change opacity for more control)

 

Homework Assignment 3

Planning:

Task – Produce 100-200 images that show a response to abstract art and photography

Locations – Car park,  street

Subjects – Josh, cars, lights

Lighting – flash in the car park, natural lighting outside.

Camera settings – Low shutter speed (0.8 seconds) for blurred effect, ISO 800 due to dark settings, deep depth of field so high aperture.

Concept – capture and manipulate movement of light

Ernst Haas

Image result for Ernst Haas photographer

Image result for Ernst Haas photographerErnst Haas (1921-1986) was born in Vienna and took up photography after the war.

In 1953, LIFE magazine published his 24 page colour photo essay on New York city.

He received the Hasselblad award on the year of his death.He was a photojournalist and a pioneering colour photographer.

His book ‘The Creation’ was one of the most successful photography books ever.

My favourite Ernst Haas photo:

This is my favourite photo by Ernst Haas because of the contrast and mystery behind it.

The yellow of the car contrasts very well with the dark, almost colourless, image. The shadows and silhouettes create a sinister and mysterious setting along with the smoke.

This could just be a photo he took in the middle of New York city but the shadows and smoke make it a very interesting and dramatic image.

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Lazlo Moholy-Nagy

 

Image result for moholy nagy photographyImage result for moholy nagy photographyMoholy-Nagy (1895-1946) was a Hungarian painter and photographer.

He was highly influenced by constructivism and helped to integrate technology and industry into the arts.

He believed that humanity could only defeat the experience of modernity if it harnessed the full potential of new technologies. He thought that artists should turn into designers.

My favourite Moholy-Nagy photo:

I like this photo because of the way he has used angles to create an image which the viewer has to figure out. At first the viewer is unsure what they are looking at when they see the contrasting white circles but after seeing the cleverly placed other worker, they realise what the image is showing.

This image shows well what Moholy-Nagy does – he integrates shapes and industrial work into his photographs. There are lots of different shapes in this photo which almost make it seem abstract.

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My Photos:

  

My Favourite Photos

All of the below photographs were taken with a shutter speed of 1 second. In the first two photos I told the model to simply walk around to create movement but in the bottom three photos I moved the camera around in order to capture an abstract photograph.

In these photos I like how the black clothing of the blurred model almost blends into the background in places to create a more interesting image.

The below images create a gloomy and mysterious setting due to the contrast between the bright lights and the dark car park. To create an appealing image in the first photograph I have cropped it so that it fits the rule of thirds.

The abstractness of these images make them stand out to me because they look so out of the ordinary.

Focus and Focus Points

Using the settings on a camera, we can focus on different points of an image. These different focus points can change what the main subject of an image is.

You can use the nine focus points settings to choose where you want the camera to focus on when you take the photo.

Image result for focus points on a camera

By choosing the focus of an image, the photographer can choose where they want the viewer to look first.

Image result for sharp focus

On a camera, you can either use manual focus or auto focus. When using manual focus, you have to change the focus dial manually to focus the image but with auto focus, the camera does it for you.

Depth of Field

Depth of field refers to the range of distance that appears acceptably sharp.  Depth of field varies depending on aperture and focusing difference.

Depth of field allows us to choose what is going to be in focus and what isn’t in our photographs.

Image result for depth of field photo

Below are two photos I took with two different apertures. The top photo, taken with AF 3.5 shows the image around the sides becoming blurred. In the bottom image, taken with AF 22, everything is sharp.

Shutter Speed

When the shutter opens, it exposes light from the exterior allowing a picture to be taken. The length of time that the shutter remains open is termed the shutter speed.

If you look at modern digital cameras, shutter speed is measured in seconds – or in most cases fractions of seconds. The bigger the denominator the faster the speed (e.g 1/1000 is much faster than 1/30).

How do you select the correct shutter speed when taking photos?

  1. Simply set the camera to automatic mode and take the picture. The cameras in-built auto exposure settings will take care of the shutter speed settings for you.
  2. Set the camera to manual settings. Use a slow shutter speed (1/60 or lower) if wanting to show some blur in the picture to display speed in the subject.

3.Use a fast shutter speed (1/125 or higher) if you need to capture a fast moving subject

My own examples:

Depth of Field/Focal Length

Related image

Focal length/Depth of field is the cameras capability of a lens to magnify the image of a distant subject. If the photographer has used a small depth of field the main focus of the image will be in focus and the rest of the image will be getting more and more out of focus, this style is normally used in portrait photography.

However if the photographer is shooting a landscape image they would normally use a small aperture so that the whole of the image will be in focus.

Large aperture = Small f-number = Shallow (small) depth of field

Small aperture = Larger f-number = Deeper (larger) depth of field

So for example this image was taken with a  large aperture setting so that the camera would be able to focus on one particular part of the mandala sheet,