All posts by 2873 Claudia Viveiros

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Vivian Maier:

Vivian Maier was a nanny and also a ‘secret’ photographer. She was described by friends as being introvert. She preferred to have a very private life and even asked for a lock to be placed on her room door. Maier had O.C.D. and with that she also took many photographs. Her ever-growing passion for photography lead her to the extreme of creating a darkroom in her bathroom. Spread out throughout the five centuries that she photographed, she managed to take over 100,000 negatives.

Vivian Maier’s website: http://www.vivianmaier.com/

Amazingly her work was only discovered in 2007 at a Chicago auction. She’d actually become very poor and had to sell one of her storage lockers in order to pay for her house. Inside there was a mass of photographs and a man called John Maloof unknowingly bought them. He was the man that got her famous. After all those years of storage and hiding the photograph’s were finally brought to light. He’s played a huge role in helping to archive her  work for future generations to cherish.  Maier’s street photography seems to be very contemporary although it was taken with a rather historical camera. One of her many camera’s was called ‘Rolleiflex’ and can be seen in her self-portrait:

Vivian Maier: Self-Portrait.
Vivian Maier: Self-Portrait.

I have produced a similar photograph to this one. I actually took this picture spontaneously during the half-term and have edited it into black and white to create a similar effect to Maier’s. My face is not very visible but you can still see the outline of my reflexion on the car window.

Here’s my outcome:

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my response

Her photography focused on the street life in urban areas. Since Maier was born in New York City during the 1920’s, she had many sources for inspiration. During her life Maier kept changing locations from the her hometown to France. In 1951 she finally decided to settle down in the U.S. where her passion for photography evolved. Her documentary style created meaning and evolved into a great story. Vivian incorporated both still images and video recordings into her work.

Here are some example’s of her street photography:

1953, New York, NY
1953, New York, NY
Undated, New York, NY
Undated, New York, NY
Undated, Canada
Undated, Canada
May 5, 1955. New York, NY
May 5, 1955. New York, NY

“Well I suppose nothing is meant to last forever. We have to make room for other people. It’s a wheel. You get on, you have to go to the end. And then somebody has the same opportunity to go to the end and so on.” – Vivian Maier.

Gregory Crewdson’s Tableau’s and My Responses:

To be begin with I’m going to explore the American photographer Gregory Crewdson. He tends to photograph homes and suburban neighborhoods. He is referred to as a ‘realist landscape photographer’. Here are some of his photographs:

Gregory Crewdcin
Gregory Crewdson.
Gregory Crewdson - Dream House.
Gregory Crewdson – Dream House.

Since he’s a tableaux photographer, Crewdson’s pictures are completely staged and prepared. His work combines both nature and strange concepts. In my opinion, his amazingly interesting and dramatic set-ups create a dramatic essence.

I’m going to be taking my own photograph’s as a response to Crewdson’s tableau’s.

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Gregory Crewdson.

For my first shoot, I took inspiration from the image above. There are various individuals gathered around a table to eat dinner. Strangely they are wearing masks as a form of disguise or identity. They are in a dimly lit room and Crewdson seems to have used flash as there is hard lighting.

For my response, I set-up an equally bizarre environment. I had my family member place a mask on and lay in bed. Then I placed a blue scarf around his neck. This strange combination embodies the same essence as Crewdson’s image. I also gave the man an empty plate and spoon for him to pretend to eat from.

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I then asked him to pretend to eat whilst looking at the cupboard mirror. This reflection gave the photograph an interesting edge.

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Henri Cartier-Bresson:

Henri Cartier-Bresson is a well known and successful photojournalism photographer. The Paris born man was the co-founder of the successful Magnum Photos Agency.

He used to be an ordinary photographer until he saw a certain image. In fact he was moved by a picture that was taken by Martin Munkacsi. This 1930’s picture had many tones and contrasts, that fascinated Cartier-Bresson. He stated: “I must say that it is that very photography which was for me the spark that set fire to fireworks”. He referred to the picture below:

Martin Munkacsi - Three Boys At Lake Tanganyika.
Martin Munkacsi – Three Boys At Lake Tanganyika.

“As far as I am concerned, taking photographs is a means of understanding which cannot be separated from other means of visual expression. It is a way of shouting, of freeing oneself, not of proving or asserting one’s own originality. It is a way of life.” – Henri Cartier-Bresson.

He first wanted to be known as a ‘Surrealism’ photographer, but was soon told that that wouldn’t be very successful as the world wouldn’t take that title seriously. Therefore he changed it to ‘Photojournalist’ and then he continued his passion.

His first book was called ‘Decisive moments’. It was what established him as a photographer and inspired many other people. Cartier-Bresson photographs people in a ‘candid’ way that reflects onto his photojournalism. His amazing work got him known as on of the ‘Fathers of Photojournalism’, which is a great honor. Here’s a picture from the 1st book:

Henri Cartier-Bresson - Seeing beauty where other not.
Henri Cartier-Bresson – ‘Seeing beauty where others not’.

He got his title ‘The decisive moment’ from the following quote: “There is nothing in this world that does not have a decisive moment”, which was said by a 17th century French Cardinal.

I think that the picture above is a great photojournalism picture. The two extremes add impact and create polarization. Polarization is two completely different concepts and views of each other. In this case the two main things are war and peace. The men on the left are holding sharp weapons and are pointing them in an aggressive fashion. Meanwhile the woman on the right looks completely relaxes and innocent. Her non-malicious body language demonstrates that she is completely at ease. This is great because it portrays a very interesting meaning. The woman may be trying to communicate that she see’s beauty in the littlest things, such as the flower she’s holding. Cartier-Bresson has maintained a great composition by balancing the two ideals in a symmetrical manner. The leading lines are also efficient and work well as the weapons point to the woman and the flower points to the men. Symbolically, weapons are a representation of the following: war, aggression, male power, power, anger, defense, pain, revenge, sacrifice, betrayal and more. On the other hand, flowers represent the following: happiness, freedom, nature, natural, patient, cheerful, life, innocence, hope, health, everlasting love, friendship, devotion, sympathy, youth, devotion, faithfulness and more. Therefore, the two majorly different ideals create a very fascinating photograph.

Here are some other famous pictures of his:

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Henri Cartier-Bresson – Mahatma Ghandi – Magnum Photos.

“Of all means of expression, photography is the only one that fixes a precise moment in time” – Henri Cartier-Bresson.

Henri Cartier-Bresson - The dying days of a regime: Shaghai in 1949.
Henri Cartier-Bresson – The dying days of a regime: Shaghai in 1949.

“In photography, the smallest thing can become a big subject, an insignificant human detail can become a leitmotiv” – Henri Cartier-Bresson. A ‘Leitmotiv’ is defined as: ‘A recurrent theme that’s associated with a particular person, idea or subject’.

I found a website that includes 29 of Henri Cartier-Bresson’s best quotes: http://www.johnpaulcaponigro.com/blog/12018/29-quotes-by-photographer-henri-cartier-bresson/

Family Response:

As a repose to my ‘Specification for Family Shoot’ post that I uploaded before I have produced a set of images.

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Above, is a photograph of my cousins daughter. She is simply playing on her game. Her body language is laid-back and relaxes as she sits on the sofa. Her full concentration is placed on the mini screen. The placement of the boots on the stone floor adds balance to the picture. This is because the shot doesn’t feel as empty.

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The picture above was taken spontaneously as my family we in the middle of a conversation. I took this is an un-staged manner. The coffee cup is placed on top of a dark red car, which adds interest to the picture.

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This shows my family members chatting before the man in the helmet leaves. Again this picture was taken in an un-staged manner, as they were casually occupied and oblivious that I took this picture.

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Above, is another shot that I took in an un-staged manner. As you can see it’s very hectic and animated. There is a lot going on here, from the man moving his bike, to my cousin drinking his coffee and my uncle in the green top, walking out. With that comes the confused face on the girls face as she figures out what’s happening. Everybody seems to be in their own little world and they’re all doing something different. Nevertheless, their faces all show confusion as they are mostly squinting their eyes and pursing their lips.

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Here, my dad is pictured on his motorbike. I asked him to pose for this image and asked him to look at the camera. This is a medium shot, so it shows his whole body and also some surroundings. In addition, I also captured the following two photographs from this set:

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This is a much closer version of the previous on. Additionally, the motorbike driver is looking away.

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Finally, my dad is seen leaving the house as my small cousin looks on. You can tell that she is very intrigued and has even left her game to look up and see him leaving.

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Later, my male cousin and uncle were having a discussion outside the house. The tattoo is a sign of permanence and meaning so it’s significant that he has it on his arm. My cousins sheer look of concentration whilst speaking demonstrates that he’s probably very interested in capturing my uncles attention and the mix of facial expressions and body language points that out.

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Above, my cousin turned around as I was taking this and I caught him mid-talking. My uncle in turn was left to look at hi neck and ponder what he was doing. My cousin seems alert and annoyed. The raised eyebrow may suggest that he is suspicious.

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I captured this shot by using different focuses. I wanted to catch the neighbor just behind the girls head. He was doing some yard work and sweeping excess waste from the floor. I positioned myself at eye-level to my female cousin and then focuses solely on the man.

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Then I got my uncle to let me take a self portrait of him. He usually dislikes taking pictures, therefore he wasn’t very eager to let me take this. I used the grey wall from the backyard as a background. My uncle’s didn’t smile, which I believe is great. This shows a real rawness to his character.

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Next, I decided to explore inside the house. My cousin was talking to me as I took this. She was showing me around the house and the floor captured my attention. Since the house is being  re-furbished and new carpets are yet to be put in the wooden flowing was left looking dull. You’re able to see the discolored pieces and jagged edges of the material. This is just a small detail of the house which on a whole adds to the meaning.

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Meanwhile, this is another close-up shot of the door that leads up to the bedrooms. The door is covered with cream tape and in effect is unfinished. The natural sunlight coming from the far right enters through the small squares on the door, that have been created by the tape. The light shines on the wall on the left and I think that it looks very magical.

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Here, my auntie posed in front of her car. I didn’t even have her to pose as it was an automatic response. In this case the photograph is categorized as staged. This is because she acted differently in accordance to me having a camera with me, whereas in the other ‘un-staged’ images, my family was caught off-guard.

The following images are of my auntie. My auntie hates getting her picture taken therefore she’s always hiding in some way or covering her face:

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In the one above, she hides her face looking down at her feet.

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When she saw me, she immediately turned her face away whilst I took a photograph of her leaning against the blue car. Her pose is quite relaxed but she seems tense in her mood.

Moving on, I captured some more details around the house.

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I believe that this photograph has good very good balancing elements: from the scrupled-up black plastic material that’s being held down, to the grey meter on the left. I like how the meter is small in size and compares to the heavy materials placed on the right. Also the fact that it’s not neat and simply left there adds interest to me.

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I also incorporated more inside shots into this response. Here my uncle, which is standing up is trying to unravel his granddaughters blanket as a playful act. The family dog is seen scratching herself also. All in all there is a lot of different movements going on here: from the dog scratching, to my uncle lifting the blanket and my cousin relaxing on the couch. This was taken in an amateur approach as I didn’t bother with compositional elements or any professional photography basics. I simply captured the moments as I saw it, and in turn I was able to exude the emotions in the picture.

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My auntie and also godmother was piking up some vegetables when I took this. She remained unaware that I was taking this and carried on with her routine.

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Then after a while the little girls mother arrived. She had just come from work and the vibes of tiredness and stress were felt. Here, I took a medium shot, to catch the moment in which she interacted with her daughter as she got home.

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After that, the mother discusses something with her husband. I captured this from afar and let them have their moment. Meanwhile, they were completely candid and in an un-staged manner. You can see their facial expressions and gestures to each other.

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Another moment in the kitchen displays the girl dancing as the mom tidies the groceries. Her expression seems to be agitated, although that’s just my opinion. It’s a bit shaken, for instance on small cousins arm where the movement blurred her hand.

The following two pictures are taken of my two cousins playing with the family dog. It captures excitement, happiness and sometimes anxiety from the animal:

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Below, are two action or movement shots that I took in the front porch. The dog is playing with his new toy and is very energetic and excited. The dog’s persistence to bite the pink toy is present. She’s filled with pure joy as she runs around biting and exploring the new smells with her mouth:

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Halfway through a green apple, the mother is looking up at her surroundings. In this particular image, she was aware that I was taking a photograph of her, therefore she looked away. Although her frustration was kept whilst she chewed the fruit.

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Outside again, my dad and my aunties boyfriend were inside the car on the laptop. My dad was teaching the man what to do. The window was already rolled down a bit, so this gave me the perfect opportunity to take this.

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Then, other family members stood outside showing each other the houses and talking about building. I captured this in an un-staged manner and in a amateur way.

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Also, this one was un-staged, the woman was simply laughing at my little cousin outside of the picture frame.

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Below, my dad is in the background whilst my cousin is pictured smiling and looking up at someone. Her smile looks real and joyful. Meanwhile my dad is staring at his phone. I like how this picture has a realness to it and depicts a truthful moment. This is because I didn’t plan this and took it randomly.

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For the next series of images, I photographed my godfather in his room:

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To begin with I took an establishing shot. This is the room in which he shares with his wife, my godmother. I wanted to show the environment and the different details in it.

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Since, he was alone it was harder to capture him in a un-staged way. Therefore, I chose to create portraits of my uncle whilst he sat on his bed. In this photograph the man was looking at the wall in a posed manner. I edited the lighting and saturation to create light tones.

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Finally, this is my favorite picture out of this series. My uncle has a very relaxed pose. I only instructed him to look at the window, but I think that the way he placed his hand on his chest added personality. He appears to be thinking very thoughtfully about a certain think and generally seems to be day-dreaming or mesmerized. This is kind of like an environmental portrait because he’s in his own environment of his room.

Specification for Family shoot:

To further analyze the theme of Family, I will be doing a photo-shoot over the half-term.

The setting:

I’ll be photographing at my extended family’s house. Their family home is quite large and also contains an upstairs space for lodgers. They recently moved into it and are still in the process of refurbishing the whole interior. This create’s a very hectic and certainly unorganized environment. I’ll be photographing both inside and outside of the home.

Relationships:

My male cousin and his wife live there with their four year old daughter. Also, my cousin is currently in the process of divorcing his wife. Consequently, the mood in the house is quite low and gloomy. Additionally, his parents live there too, who are my godparent’s. Finally, they have a small dog as a pet.

Themes that appear:

Faith – Essentially there is a separation between the region’s in the house. Whilst the two adult women have recently transferred mentally into practicing Christians, whilst the men have remained as Catholics.

Addiction – For instance alcoholism and a need for Tabaco in cigarettes.

Time frame:

I’m going to spend a large amount of hours on this certain subject. I would like to capture moments in the afternoon through to dusk. This is because, at this time, everyone tends to be at home. Also, normally other family member’s come and visit which adds to the family environment and commotion.

Approach:

Most of the picture that I’ll be taking will be non-staged. This is because I want to capture my family in their natural environment and not alter their emotional or physical state’s by telling them how to pose. I want the images to be very pure in telling the truth and show how the people interact with each other. I’ll use my camera as a witness and simply record the moments that they create.

Alternatively, I’ll also be taking some staged pictures. For instance, I’d like to create some portraits of a single individuals. I believe that it’s better to use a staged approach in these contexts, specially because it becomes hard to create an interesting shot of someone that isn’t positioned in an intriguing way.

I’ll also be shooting my family’s interactions with the dog and the dog on it’s own.

Shots:

First I’ll begin by taking a extreme long shot of the whole house accompanied with neighboring houses in the background. This will establish the scene for the viewers. Then i’ll go a bit closer and photograph solely their house.

Once inside, I’ll be photographing with may different shooting styles for instance: extreme long shots, long shots, medium shot, medium close-up, close-up, extreme close-up, over the shoulder, singles, 2-shots, 3 shots + and more.  Angles can create dramatic effects so I’ll try views from: above, below, eye-level, etc.

Style:

For the majority of the pictures, I’ll be capturing them in a professional manner and make sure that the compositional elements are well balanced. This includes uses the correct focus and assuring that the balancing elements are right. Also, creating a good rule of thirds.

However, for some I’ll just be relaxing and taking an amateur approach. So if I see something I like, I’ll quickly take a shot, without thinking too much about it. It won’t matter if there’s blurring or bad angles, as long as the meaning is still processed.

Sam Harris:

I have chosen an artist from the Guernsey Photography Festival, from 2014. This is the link to the website: http://guernseyphotographyfestival.com/

Sam Harris is a self-taught, London born photographer. Harris has a very precise style of working.  He photographs in a documentary style and captures every-day moments, sort of like a diary.

Here’s a link to his website: http://samharrisphoto.com

Before, Sam produced portraits and sleeve art for various companies in the music world. However, he soon came to realize that he wanted to start something different and new. His desire to photograph his family began on a family trip. Instead of photographing exterior subjects, Harris began to document his close family. With this, he learnt a lot about himself and found his calling.

The way that he forms the pictures is amazing. The images almost have an artistic quality to them. Here’s a very famous example:

Sam Harris
Sam Harris

It almost looks as if this picture was produced in a professional studio. The rule of thirds is aligned adequately as his daughters eyes and hand are positioned against the hot-spots of the grid. The orangery-red background gives the frame warmth and interest. There’s also a lot of depth here. The girl in foreground contrasts with the bright green bird in the middle-ground. In effect, the picture has a sort of three-dimensional essence to it. The focus is mostly placed on the right hand side, leaving the girls face a bit blurry. This is probably because Harris doesn’t believe in ‘over-exposing’ his children to the world.

Here’s some examples of four of his photograph’s from the collection ‘The Middle Of Somewhere’:

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Sam Harris – The Middle Of Somewhere

Harris said that this image was taken because of pure chance. He was cooking one night and the window steamed up. His daughter then began drawing on the glass and creating amazing shapes. Harris took the opportunity to capture this moment with a single shot. It has a very magical essence to me and I think that it looks very mysterious.

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Sam Harris – The Middle Of Somewhere

This picture is great in my opinion. I think that Harris has framed this image very well. The dark blue material around the rabbit cage restricts me to look directly in the center of the picture, where the brightest light is shown. I also believe that the angle that he used is effective. It creates interest and gives us a similar view to what the little girl might be seeing. Also, the dark shadows, caused from the blockage of light, give the rabbits a black outline. Again, this picture is quite mysterious because you can’t really see any fine details, all you see is shapes. Additionally, the girl looks very mesmerized by what she’s seeing. She looks relaxed and eager to learn.

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Sam Harris – The Middle Of Somewhere

This picture captures Harris’s daughter and wife trying to get the water off the plastic roof with brooms. In my view, this picture is quite amateur and doesn’t really follow any compositional rules, however it works. The yellow hints and hue’s in the background add a golden and warm feeling to it. The color yellow is significant of hope and happiness. I think that the contrast between the yellow light translucently shining on the ground and the water is great. There’s an aspect of freshness to it, the bright colors throughout exude positive vibes. You can tell the sheer energy and probably excitement that they are feeling whilst pushing the roof up. It seems as if they are having lots of fun as they’re both smiling and their body languages show signs of joy. Likewise, the green and calm field in the background adds serenity. Green is significant of power and growth. You can also see a bit of a blur in between the girl and the mother’s bodies that was created through their movement. On the whole, this image has a summer feel to it and is great in capturing a fun family moment.

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Sam Harris – The Middle Of Somewhere

Lastly, here’s a picture of Harris’s wife doing the laundry. Sam says that she hates taking pictures, so she always try’s to get her face covered in some way or another. You can see that her arm is up in an unnatural manner. It’s these moments that make the picture so intriguing. I’d like to find out more about this scene. Like the previous image, this is cropped in a rather different matter. I think that the tree on the left takes my focus to the left side, whilst the leaves on the right also divert my attention. This is because there is not much alignment or hot-spots from the rule of thirds. Nevertheless, I think that the sense of surprise and ambiguity is greater than if the shot is perfectly framed or not. I like how it’s been taken in such a way, that it doesn’t follow the perfect compositional rules or techniques. It’s just simple, refreshing and shows an engaging moment in family life.

Ideas for family:

  • Family albums and recreate them.
  • Compare old pictures to current ones, such as baby pictures.
  • Action shots.
  • Document how the environment has changes, for example inside the house.
  • Action shots.
  • Special occasions like birthdays.
  • Weddings.
  • Baptisms.
  • Different Perspectives.
  • Insider point of view.
  • Outsider point of view.
  • Staged pictures.
  • Pictures that aren’t staged.
  • Mini documentary short film.
  • Short interviews.
  • Candid’s of family member’s.
  • Notion of love.
  • Explore secrets on a certain level.
  • Show their beliefs.
  • Close friends, how they can think of themselves as family.
  • What made them friends.
  • Explore their interests.
  • Private and public things.
  • Diary.
  • Sacred objects or things to family members.
  • Follow them round for a certain time period, like on the streets.
  • Document their hobbies and everyday life.
  • Look at their addictions, like alcoholism.
  • Positive and negative moments, like arguments and affection shown.
  • Look at extended and close family.
  • Ask to photograph other people’s families.
  • Admire their different cultures and environment.
  • Moments in people’s life’s.
  • Snapshots.
  • Compare and contrast differences between other people’s families and mine.
  • Look at difference between my families culture and another one’s.
  • Obsessions or collections of certain things – magazines, books, alcohol, clutter, hoarders.
  • bored couples -martin parr
  • social media taking oveer family time

James Nachtwey:

After watching some very inspirational short films on James Nachtwey’s work, I have developed my views further.

Nachtwey quoted: “I have been a witness, and these pictures are my testimony. The events I have recorded should not be forgotten and must not be repeated”.

I think that this is an extremely powerful statement. James is inciting that he wants to put a stop to all of the problems of the war and he’s using his photograph’s to make a positive change. I truly believe that he wants to make a difference in the world and the fact that he doesn’t change anything about the scene by using the camera as a mere tool, to record the situation is fantastic. Nachtwey himself remains a ‘witness’, all he has to show is what he’s taken. So for me, the ‘testimony’, shows that he has lived through the situation and has viewed a certain moment and wants to present it to the rest of the world.

Here’s a video about his war photography. It includes him working and some interesting information on his practice:

The documentary pictures he displayed were so meaningful and powerful. Behind every single picture there was a message. He focuses on very the very powerful subject of war.

For example, he took various pictures of a homeless Indonesian family living at a train station. They had very poor circumstances and even had to live on the actual rails, extremely close to the passing trains. Also, In an unfortunate event the father lost two of his limbs: his left leg and his left arm. This was due to a train accident and the man was left without a job. Subsequently, he couldn’t further provide for his family and their current situation would’ve worsened. Here’s Nachtwey’s picture, that I’m referring to:

James Nachtwey.
James Nachtwey – Indonesian family portrait.

This series of photograph’s made people realize the family’s situation and subsequently take action. Soon the family were living in substantial conditions. It can take as little as a deteriorating and shocking image to change people’s views. In effect this changed their environment and lifestyle for the better. It surely shows that his documentary picture have the power to make a massive difference, which is amazing.

Nachtwey spoke at a TED talk entitled ‘My Photographs Bear Witness’. He discussed the picture above at @13:07 minutes into the clip. James also talked about various other photographs in the following video:

James Nachtwey produced a very powerful video, on a TED talk It begins at @2:00 minutes. It shows various pictures that he took from around the world. They all focus on one particular subject. It’s about XDR, a drug-resistant strain of Tuberculosis that has begun a worldwide medical crisis. Here’s the video:

Nachtwey’s photography in this film is very raw. He aims to show the negative sides of life and doesn’t sugar-coat anything at all. I also thought that the colours he used to be very effective. James utilised a bright yellow font against a dark background in-between the pictures. The yellow really popped and grabbed my attention. Yellow is the most luminous color in the spectrum. Interestingly, Nachtwey’s choice of bright yellow may have to do with the images being shown. Although the color can be representative of happiness, there are other underlying traits. In particular it represents physical illnesses for example: jaundice, malaria, and in this case TB. It screams the word caution, like in road signs. Insightfully, it’s also has many negative connotation worldwide like: Mexicans used bright yellow to signal death, Jews in the Middle Ages were labeled with yellow before prosecution. Therefore, I believe that Nachtwey chose this color to symbolize the negative effects. He may have chosen it to relate to ideological viewpoints of people and outline how serious and deadly the things he showed were.