What is the network effect? (Theodore Vail)

The network effect describes how the value of a good or service increases as more people start to use that good or service. This was described by Theodore Vail in 1980.

“Sex Education” Newcomer George Robinson on Isaac’s Relationship With Maeve and Disability Representation

I disagree that this article is of a superficial issue. It is relevant and important to modern day society. I believe this because, although the series is not based on a true story, Isaac played by George Robinson is actually disabled in real life as well as in the series. He says “Everyone pretty much knows someone who has a disability and yet the representation in media doesn’t seem to be there in the same way, even though it’s certainly changing.” Therefore by George playing the role of Isaac it gives him the opportunity to act and project real life feelings and situations of being in a wheelchair, rather than having an actor who isn’t disabled and is just acting, from which this article portrays this and George’s views.

Subsidiary- subsidiary company that is owned or controlled by another company.

Conglomerate- combination of businesses operating in different industries under one corporate group.

Synergy- aries when the combined effect or impact of a number of media activities is greater than the sum of their individual effects on consumers.

Common:

Full name: Lonnie Corant Jaman Shuka Rashid Lynn

Age: 47 years old

Occupation: Rapper, actor, writer, activist and philanthropist

Bilal:

Full name: Bilal Sayeed Oliver

Age: 40 years old

Occupation: Singer, songwriter and record producer

Explain the appeal of low to medium budget films to Hollywood conglomerates. Use Hidden Figures to support your answer. [15 marks]

Conglomerates: a company that owns lots of companies.

Media concentration / Conglomerates: a pattern of ownership whereby fewer and fewer hands own more and more of the assets of that industry. Patterns of ownership across a multitude of media industries.

Globalisation (in terms of media ownership): the worldwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange or ideas.

Horizontal integration: a company takes over another that operates at the same level of the value chain in an industry.

Vertical integration: the combination in one firm of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate firms.

Gatekeepers: a person who controls access to something or someone. They craft and conduct what is being published to the masses.

Regulation: laws, rules or procedures.

Deregulation: the process of removing or loosening government restrictions on the ownership of media outlets.

Production company: Fox 2000 Pictures and Chernin Entertainment.

Distributed by: 20th Century Fox.

Release date: December 10, 2016 at the SVA Theatre and then December 25, 2016 in the United States and January 6, 2017 in Canada.

Running time: 127 minutes.

Budget: $25 million.

Box office: $236 million.

Based on: Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly.

Awards: NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Motion Picture, Bandung Film Festival for Imported Film, BET Award for Best Movie, Blue Ribbon Awards for Best Foreign Film and MTV Movie and TV Award for Best Fight Against the System.

Critic reviews: “This drama about a trio of African-American women doing maths wonders for Nasa has few subtleties, but is done with such verve it’s hard to dislike.“- Simran Hans (The Guardian)

Stephen Neale- is a British philosopher and specialist in the philosophy of language who has written extensively about meaning, information, interpretation, and communication.

Repertoire of elements- a group of generic elements in that genre. These elements include, characters, audience, setting, themes, style, narrative and iconography.

Corpus- is a collection of written or spoken language data in a computer format. It brings together large quantities of language evidence from a variety of real situation.

Hybridisation- is the strategic use of bringing to things together (eg. rom-com).

Historic specificity- are associated with certain time periods.

Repetition and sameness- the act of repeating something and sameness is where things are compared and shown how they are similar.

Variation and change- is when there is a change or slight difference but the things are still similar.

Narrative image- is where an image is used to tell a story and create a picture of what is happening.

Expectations and hypotheses- is when you believe something is going to happen due to prior knowledge, or beliefs. Hypotheses is where an idea man be an answer to a problem.

Suspend disbelief- allows someone to believe something that is not true, it can be done to enjoy something eg. a movie.

Generic regime of verisimilitude- means the quality of resembling reality.

Conventions and rules- are set agreed, or generally accepted norms, social-norms or criteria.

Sub-genre- a genre that is part of a larger genre.

Hybridity- is something that is mixed. It is a cross between two separate races, plants or cultures.

Genres of order and integration (Thomas Schatz)- he believes that there are only two genres: genres of order (western, gangster, sci-fi, horror, etc) and genres of integration (musicals, comedies, melodramas, etc.

Primary audience is the main body of viewers, which may also be known as the target audience. People who may be classed as primary audience would be doctors, teachers and lawyers.

Secondary audience are people other than the intended audience who will also be listening to the station. Such as, hairdressers or sales assistants.

Tertiary audience is when a person is only listening to the station because they are familiar with the guest that is on. This could be a celebrity, family or friend.