METROID: PRIME 2 ECHOES

Gaming magazine for people aged 12+

Action Adventure game.

Developed by Retro Studios and published by Nintendo for the GameCube.

Released in November 2002

Artists for the game were Todd Keller and James H. Dargie

An enhanced version was released in 2009 for the Wii as a standalone game in Japan.

Sims Freeplay

Links to postmodernism – superficial – parody VS pastiche

Strategic life simulation

Developed by EA

Released for different devices

Received ‘generally favourable reviews’ from critics.

The game was banned in China, saudi arabia, United Arab States etc… for portraying homosexual couples

Teen Vogue

Tweets with links to their articles e.g Beyonce’s help with the Texas Storms – making the public see her in a certain way, make her look good. (Circulate/Personalise/Share/Story)

Free Platform – Twitter is a free social media platform – old media was only accessible with money

Active Involvement – people can react to the tweet, like and share.

Real-time creation – the tweet includes a link so you can be taken straight to information included in the tweet whereas in the old media, it would be harder to access

New technology in the media has split people apart whereas things like cinema bring people together.

Life Hacks

• BBC Radio 1
• Started in 2017 – overtaking The Surgery
• Programme including discussion of health and social issues such as exam stress, sexual health, alcohol and drugs.
• Cel Spellman, Katie Thistleton and Radha Modgil.
• Cel Spellman was replaced by Vick Hope in August 2020
• Sunday teatime slot
• Young hosts – young audience demographic.
• Guests that young people will know eg. Dianne Buswell – Online Influencer and professional dancer
• Public Service Status
• Funding for the programme through the licence fee that people have to pay
• A multi-platform media product. Can be streamed on the radio or online (new technology)
• Techniques used to attract young listeners such as young hosts and current music

War Of The Worlds

• An adaptation of H.G Wells’ novel ‘The War of the Worlds’ from 1898
• Columbia Broadcasting Company (CBC)
• Became famous for apparently causing stress amongst the audience who thought that aliens were actually invading.
• Starts as a normal radio show and then includes news flashes about explosions on Mars.
• Broadcasted on 30th October 1938

Passive to Hyperdermic message

The programmes show that there is a shift in media audiences – people are more in touch with the media and actually understand it now. People in the times of War Of The Worlds were less media literate. People in the 1930’s were more naïve and vulnerable.

Clay Shirky – End of Audience Theory

• Audiences like to talk back to producers and interact (new technology) so there is more equality of power.
• War Of The Worlds was passive and didn’t include the audience whereas Life Hacks is much more inclusive and has people calling in and being involved.
• By the end of October 1938, Welles’s Mercury Theatre on the Air had been on CBS for 17 weeks. A low-budget program without a sponsor, the series had built a small but loyal following with fresh adaptations of literary classics. But for the week of Halloween, Welles wanted something very different from the Mercury’s earlier offerings.
• The radio show (Welles’s Mercury Theatre on the Air) had made themselves a small following of listeners
• Had been on air for 17 weeks
• Audiences hadn’t been given a voice to contribute

• B Good Picture Company
• Chicken had its world premiere on 27 June 2015 Edinburgh International Film Festival.
• Showed at multiple film festivals
• Came out on Blu-ray and DVD on 18th September 2017
• Grand Jury Award for Narrative Feature — Joe Stephenson (New Hampshire Film Festival 2015)
• Award for Best Film — Chicken (Cine A La Vista International Film Festival 2016)
• The film was shortlisted for Best Director (Joe Stephenson) and Best Newcomer (Scott Chambers) by the British Independent Film Awards.
• Was originally a play by Freddie Machin
• £110,000 (raised through investment)
• Hoping for a deal with Netflix
• Currently available on Amazon Prime and iTunes for rent and purchase
• Marketed the film through Facebook, Twitter and Facebook
• Making the main character have learning difficulties
• Film festivals – small artsy films
• 2003 Communications Act – allowing small production companies to create and show their films
• Curran and Seaton – diverse media landscape – main character with learning difficulties, living in a caravan, a life and environment that the media doesn’t often show. Can the often reach wider audiences.
• Hesmondhalgh – he didn’t make the film to make money, but instead made it to educate society.

Link your knowledge of audience to your chosen pair of TV programmesLook at the advertising campaigns (trailers, websites at home and abroad) for your chosen CSP TV series and think about how media producers target, attract and potentially construct audiences across local, national and global scales.

• To attract viewers for THE KILLING, producers create adverts that are exciting and dramatic. Using dark scenes and imagery makes it clear that the programme is not meant to be comedic. This programme can relate to Katz, Gurevitch and Haas’ Uses and Gratification theory as the programme aims to fulfil personal needs. People may watch these programmes to escape their own lives.
• To attract viewers for NO OFFENCE, producers create adverts similar to every other murder investigation programme, as they know this will be effective.

Both television programmes are aimed at viewers that are interested in crime drama. By tailoring to these specific interests, the production companies can be sure they will secure viewers.

Following a specific predictable format can provide security for the production companies, as they know that following the predictable story line of a main detective following the case of a murder will do well on TV.

George Gerbner said, ‘watching television doesn’t cause a particular behaviour, but instead watching television over time adds up to our perception of the world around us‘.

CATEGORY	SIMILARITIES: from chosen CSP’s	DIFFERENCES: from chosen CSP’s	THEORY
CHARACTERS	-Both female detectives. -Both have a similar instinct for the case. -Both relatively young	-The Killing is a Danish lady. -No Offence is an English lady. -No Offence the detective is a single Mother	PROPP – both CSP’s present a stock character of a hero and a villian
NARRATIVE
THEMES
REPRESENTATION
TECHNICAL CODES

What is the difference between a consumer based media regulation system and a citizen based regulation system?

The consumer based media focuses on what consumers and audiences want. Citizen based regulation system is where companies create things that citizens want. Creators are given control to create media that they know audiences will want.

Q. What impact did the 2003 Communications Act have on media regulation?

Tries to ensure that the media landscape is not dominated by a single organisation.

Ofcom is an agency that among other things, tried to get BBC and Channel 4 to produce programmes made my small companies to make the media fairer.

Even though some companies seem small, they are often actually owned by larger companies (conglomerates) therefore they aren’t actually as small as they seem. The 2003 Communications Act aims to stop this to make the media fairer.

Neo Liberalism – let people do what they want. Allows for freedom of choice but is not always ethical and can be seen as offensive and disrespectful.

If no one paid for their TV license then channels like the BBC would not exist as no one would be paying for it.

Q. What is the drawback of a self-regulated system?

You can’t hold yourself accountable so therefore it isn’t fair. The press will do what they want to do to ensure they make money. The Leveson Inquiry is the regulation of media companies so that they can’t publish whatever they want.

Neo Liberalism – let people do what they want. Allows for freedom of choice but is not always ethical and can be seen as offensive and disrespectful.

Q. How do you regulate media content and organisations on a global scale?

To make sure everyone regulates their media in the same way they should all make a global well known rule.

Not only regulate media content but also media technologies – ideas around how technology (twitter) influence media

HESMONDHALGH	CASE STUDIES
Reliant upon changing audience consumption patterns	No Offence – Weekly episodes The Killing – Originally Danish but translated for foreign audiences.
Serialisation	No Offence – created 3 series, the 3rd did not do as well as series 1
Genre-based formatting	Both TV programmes have the same genre of true crime.
On demand services	Both The Killing and No Offence are available on online streaming services (Channel 4 Player & Amazon Prime)
Internationalism	Both TV programmes are available in English
Creative Symbol Makers	No Offence did not do well in their 3rd season – maybe the creators didn’t have much of a say when making this season as they wanted to stick to what they knew the audience liked previously and made them successful. Not keeping up with changing audience interest.
Star Formatting	No Offence – Included stars like Will Mellor and Paul Ritter who have already made themselves known in British TV (Mellor – Broadchurch) (Ritter – Friday Night Dinner)

Background about the show. The killing is a Danish police drama, following the story of the main character Detective Inspector Sarah Lund and her involvement in the case of a rape and murder of a 19 year old girl. The series is noticed for its plot twists and its involvement in the stories of the murdered victims families and the effect on political circles alongside the murder case.

Who is the primary, secondary and tertiary audience for this product? The primary audience would have been danish people who watch TV. It was produced by Søren Sveistrup, a Danish screenwriter. The series was made for Danish viewers but later translated in 2011 into an American version to accommodate non-danish speaking audiences. The series was shown on the BBC in danish with English subtitles and was a huge hit.

What audience theories can you apply which help you to develop a better understanding of the potential target audience?

Analysis should include:
• Mise-en-scene analysis
• Semiotics: how images signify cultural meanings

Narrative Techniques

Commercial media – to entertain

Female detective – appeal to audiences to show diversity and represent feminism

No Offence

Background of the show: A police detective goes to a morgue and sees the body of a girl with down syndrome. She is then thrown into a case of a suspected serial killer. The episode follows the characters as they chase the killer and save a girls life.

In the UK, the first episode of No Offence launched with 2.5 million viewers on Channel 4

Filmed in Manchester UK

Nominanted for a BAFTA for ‘Best Drama Series’ in 2015

Curran and Seaton Media Ownership

• ‘Media creative’s are tasked to give us exciting, innovative and aesthetically pleasing products’
• ‘peak time television schedules are dominated by lighter entertainment formats’
• ‘the success of horizontal and vertical integration means that most commercial print, film and television…is now controlled by just six global players’
• ‘Owning a variety of media company types enables the conglomerate to distribute product benefits across a range of media forms.’
• ‘instillation of editors who are sympathetic to a specific worldview that a proprietor wants to broadcast.’ (indirect control)

• Commercial Media – (No Offence) Channel 4 / Abbotvision 2.5 million viewers on the first episode (The Killing) Danish Broadcasting Corporation
• Horizontal Integration – Channel 4 is originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA)
• Horizontal Integration (Danish Broadcasting Corporation)  DR operates six television channels, all of which are distributed free-to-air via a nationwide DVB-T network.^[5] DR also operates eight radio channels. All are available nationally on DAB+ radio and online, with the four original stations also available on FM radio.
• Media Concentration / Media Convergence (No Offence)

For my NEA coursework I have chosen to focus on the Brief set 4. I will base my music video around a single artist and my genre of music is classical piano.

I will focus on one main character as the dominant signifier and will create contrasting scenes using lighting and effect. One scene will portray loneliness and boredom, whereas to contrast, the following scene will include headphones and make the character appear more fulfilled and joyful. These scenes will alternate at a fast pace to show the difference between emotions.

As research, I looked at music videos from well known artists, Billie Eilish and Harry Styles. Both of these artists use a music video style that is meaningful and they generally create radical pieces. They challenge the dominant ideology by creating videos that are unique and different. I aim to use these videos as inspiration and perhaps follow some of their styles to create a pastiche.

I am going to look at ideas surrounding the theory of post modernism in my music video. I will include the idea of fragmentary identities, and will present this through the contrasting scenes. When the character is without her headphones she is depressed and low, however, when she has the headphones on, she is a completely different person and is filled with joy. I think these contrasting scenes will represent this theory well as it is believed that people can have two identities both online and offline.

Looking at reflexivity, I will create a video that allows the viewer to think about themselves and the way that they live their life. The portrayal of two different identities will hopefully allow the audience to think about themselves and their true identity, both on and offline.