TEEN VOGUE

• publisher – CONDE NAST
• issue – JANUARY 2003 – DECEMBER 2017 (went online)

• PSB – political and social stories and technology (wide audience)
• physical – online

• 14-17 y/o girls (primary)
• parents (secondary)

• constructing young female identity
• radical counter types
• niche but is inclusive (wide audience) HALL

• https://www.teenvogue.com/story/un-climate-change-conferences-fossil-fuel-industry – jack rodriquez-vas – february 22, 2021

• https://www.teenvogue.com/story/no-planet-b-climate-change-book-launch#intcid=_mab-simulations-oo-bottom-recirc-2_bbe78511-9506-4f9c-9992-05d068f8a78d_text2vec1 – climate change guide ‘no planet B’ – February 9, 2021 – teen vogue staff
• conversation – quotes from real people – proof that the book “this isn’t your grandparent’s environmental movement” (co founder red nation nick Estes)
• active
• stream

TOMB RAIDER

• RADICAL – female protagonist
• challenges dominant ideologies
• main image – NVC because she is in a strong pose which makes her look confident. There are also images on the back of her abseiling and shooting monsters
• female empowerment

• sexualised to appeal to stereotypical audience (straight males) but not the wider audience (REACTIONARY)
• makes audience insecure

• theory of preferred reading HALL

THE VOICE WEBSITE

SIMS FREEPLAY

METROID: PRIME 2 ECHOES

WAR OF THE WORLDS

• martians invading new Jersey
• broadcast as radio was just coming about – broadcast on the eve of WW2 fears about invasions
• radio play drama
• CBC – commercial company – governed by the broadcasting act 1991 – owned and controlled by canadians, english and french
• part of a conglomerate
• fake news

• chomsky 5 filters FRAMING people believed it manufacturing consent
• stuart hall – theory of preferred reading

• Dennis McQuail – BOOK – “mass media in the public interest” – habermas talks about the public sphere containing info allowing businesses to communicate with consumers “public and private world where opinions can be formed”
• shirky – audience is changing – passive to active, as technology advances more people can participate
• Lazerfeld – “two step flow communication”
• hesmondhalgh – risky business
• “the cultural industries constitute a particularly risky business“
• “audience tastes continuously adapt making it difficult to produce material that guarantees satisfaction” (radio new so people didn’t know what to make of it)
• consumer regulation – creating diversity in the media industry by creating radio
• citizen regulation – social needs – PSB

LIFE HACKS

CATEGORY	FAMILIARITIES:	DIFFERENCES:	THEOR
CHARACTERS			PROPP, presents the idea of STOCK CHARACTERS, inc ‘hero’, ‘false hero’, ‘princess’, ‘father figure’, ‘despatcher’
THEMES			LEVI-STRAUSS the use of key themes to structure stories and characters around familiar themes: family, community, law and order, justice. Often set up as binary oppostions: right/wrong urban/rural, young/old, good/bad

	Propp	Levi-Strausse
Characters	Mum – false hero Richard – protagonist Polly – Father figure Annabelle – Princess/hero Chicken – hero
Themes		– calm/angry (polly) – law/order (theft) – lower/upper class – rural/urban

• Joe Stephenson (director) and B good picture company (new)
• micro budget film (independent financing) £110k
• raises issues around the role of national cinema
• produced outside of the mainstream for niche audiences
• reflects shifting patterns of audience consumption (HESMONDHALGH)
• traditional advertising – poster, soial media

DISTTIBURION

• PSB
• 27 June 2015 Edinburgh international film festival (world premiere)
• International premiere – 2015 Busan international film festival

• screened at New Hampshire international film festival (Grand jury award for narrative feature) Giffoni international film festival (Silver 2nd best film)

• British TV premiere FilmFour April 2017 and on subscritption service MUBI
• DVD and BluRay release by (uk)Network 18 september 2017 – US/CANADA 2018

• BRITISH INDEPENDENT FILM AWARDS
• Shortlisted best director (Joe Stephenson) and Best new comer (Scott Chambers)
• UK CINEMA RELEASE MAY 2016

FILMING

• Eben Bolter (one person)
• hollywood – full camera crews or film set
• filmed in 19 days – hollywood takes years
• rained a lo so issues with lighting

THEORIES

• HESMONDHALGH – “businesses in the cultural industries try to minimise risk and maximise audiences through vertical and horizontal integration” – risky business
• GERBNER – cultivation theory
• HALL – theory of preferred reading
• SHIRKY – “we are now more likely to use the internet and other technologies to respond to texts and create our own”
• use distribution to express yourself
• mcluhan – the medium is the message

Stuart hall – reception/theory of preferred reading

• DOMINANT
• NEGOTIABLE
• OPPOSITIONAL

George Gerbner – Cultivation theory

• People know what to expect from crime dramas

Katz Gurevitch and Haas theory of gratification

Maslow hierarchy of needs

Lasswell’s model of communication

CATEGORY	FAMILIARITIES: from your chosen CSP’s	DIFFERENCES: from your chosen CSP’s	THEORY
CHARACTERS			PROPP, presents the idea of STOCK CHARACTERS, inc ‘hero’, ‘false hero’, ‘princess’ (Witnesses), ‘father figure’, ‘despatcher’ (Missing)
NARRATIVE			CHATMAN / FREYTAG /TODOROV
THEMES	verisimilitude, repertoire of elements Both shows have themes of crime and drama, so the audience expects there to be a detective and high emotional states		LEVI-STRAUSS the use of key themes to structure stories and characters around familiar themes: family, community, law and order, justice. Often set up as binary oppostions: right/wrong urban/rural, young/old, good/bad
REPRESENTATION	The killing has a female detective protagonist challenging the ideologies gender stereotypes		PIERCE / BARTHES / SAUSSURE: SEMIOTICS radical and reactionary representations of police, family, law and order, through a range of signs (visual, graphic, audio, narrative, thematic etc)
TECHNICAL CODES / LANGUAGE OF MOVING IMAGE (music, setting, props, lighting, use of camera, editing etc)

What is the difference between a consumer based media regulation system and a citizen based regulation system?

Consumer regulation is based on creating choice and variety of products for consumers, people are in control, gratifications eg likes

Citizen regulation – social needs (groups) rather than individual needs, maintaining audiences

What impact did the 2003 Communications Act have on media regulation?

Helped the UK TV industry compete globally, creating ofcom allowing independent TV companies to produce more commercial products

“regarding actions to further citizen’s interests'”

What is the drawback of a self-regulated system?

Certain needs aren’t met so niche audiences aren’t catered for

It’s not fair, it’s impossible to successfully regulate yourself or your industry

How do you regulate media content and organisations on a global scale?

Set of globally recognised rules

Define the difference between IT and the media

Theory	Quote	Killing / No offence
The media is a high risk business	“the cultural industries constitute a particularly risky business”	cultural references, ie locations filmed in, native language/actors
Media businesses rely on changing audiences consumption	“audience tastes continuously adapt making it difficult to produce material that guarantees satisfaction”	The Killing was originally an American Tv show, DR (Dutch) and ZDF Enterprises (German) made their own version
Remakes	“the media industry further reduces risk by recycling archived material that has enjoyed successes”	^
The media is resilient on marketing functions	“controlling messages delivered by reviewers or publicity partners of other companies is very difficult”

• “Power without responsibiliy, is concerned with narrating the story of how media has fallen under the control of a handful of global media conglomorates” – PSB (first published 1981)

• “profit driven motives take precedence over creativity in the world of commercial media”

• “protect UK PSB to counterbalance the free market”

• “the need to produce mass audiences means that the television industry replicates rather than originates”

• Commercial media – Amazon prime (broadcaster) KILLING
• PSB – ZDF Enterprises KILLING

• Horizontal integration – DR founded European broadcasting union, operates 6 TV stations and 8 radio stations
• Vertical integration – ZDF (parent company) founding ZDF Enterprises