Barthes– Semiotic is a science which learns the sign, object, and its meaning, in Semiotics, there are the signifier and the signified, the signifier refers to the sign and the signified refers to the something that is signified.

Saussure– there are the signifier and the signified, the signifier refers to the sign and the signified refers to the something that is signified.

 Gilroy– argues that culture is the mode through which Black persons should aspire to liberation. (incarceration)