Louis Althussar – argues that “there is no ideology except by the subject and for the subject” and that ‘All ideology hails or interpellates concrete individuals as concrete subjects, through the functioning of the category of the subject’. So Ideological state apparatus is a theoretical concept which is used to describe the way in which structures of civic society (education, culture, the arts, the family, religion etc) keeps people in their place – ‘the ruling ideology, which is the ideology of ‘the ruling class’.

Antonio Gramsci – Hegemony is a tug of war for power, and that the balance of power can be changed, how certain cultural forms predominate over others, which means that certain ideas are more influential than other. Post colonialism articulates a desire to reclaim, re-write and re-establish cultural identity and thus maintain power of The Empire.

Habermas- the creation of the public sphere an area for the people safe from the government the idea of making connections with each over rather underneath the control of the government, safe haven to discuss them.

Curran- The media needs a form of regulation or they can post whatever they want and it won’t matter if it’s real or not so we have a filter what media goes through also known as “flack” so the government could stop negative information against them to never be published for the public as well as watchdogs who are mainly anonymous people who keep an eye out for the public to ensure there is no corrupt people or media. FREE PRESS should be free from interference and be impartial/transparent.

Chomsky– the five filters of consent is the process that the media goes through to control and manipulate the public. Advertising, common enemy, flacking, Scale and