• Media concentration / Conglomerates – one company owns multiple businesses and companies within the media industry
• Globalisation – a business operates globally, offering it’s services (in this case films/tv, satisfying the need for gratification), cross culture of media
• Vertical Integration – taking ownership of more businesses within the same area eg news stations, however not becoming a monopoly and owning ALL of them
• Horizontal Integration – taking ownership of businesses in different areas of the media, eg a film company taking over a magazine company
• Gatekeepers – someone with authority who let certain people in and out
• Regulation / Deregulation – putting laws in place to regulate and control businesses telling them what they can and can’t do / reducing rules set in place to help businesses.
• Free market – any business can get what they want, no one has a dominant position in the market meaning everyone has a fair chance of being successful and making good profits, lots of competition
• Monopolies – one company owns all the businesses in an industry which gives them a dominant position in the market as it can be abused and put smaller businesses out of business, not enough competition
• Mergers – 2 or more businesses merge together to become one big company
• Neo-liberalism and the Alt-Right –
• Surveillance / Privacy / Security / GDPR – Media companies have their own right to a product they produced or distributed, so need to be protected to stop pirating and people ‘stealing’ the product and making a profit out of it (copyright)

Media regulation

• control over monopolies and mergers (big conglomerate abuse power) (Murdoch denied SkyB) owns 39%, can overthrow government if own too much
• Ofcom regulator of competition
• Murdoch regulate his empire – telling newspaper editors what to write even if they don’t agree with it, (tony blair)
• Media influences audiences of who to vote for
• Murdoch is a foreigner to the UK
• Gramsci hegemony – dominance, balance between government and businesses, government control media to change dominant ideology of the public
• Jaques Lacan – see themselves in the media so they can relate to it, give the people what they want and what they don’t know they want
• Gatekeepers control who comes in and out of businesses
• Chomsky – manufacturing consent major media conglomerates control the mass media, spreading ideas and changing people’s views without them knowing influencing their decisions, control what the public thinks